Oceans

1
Oceans

• By Alicia Ellis

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Oceans In General

• An ocean is a large mass of salt water. An
  ocean can have very extreme weather conditions
  and if you dont know what youre doing while
  exploring you could be injured very easily. If
  you are planning to explore the top an ocean you
  would need a boat or something that would float.
  If you are planning to explore underneath the
  oceans surface you will need more tools because
  there is no air underwater and you wouldnt be
  able to breathe.

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Where Im Researching

• I am researching the Depths of the Pacific
  Ocean along B.C.s coast.

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What I Am Researching

• What I will be researching is ocean currents. I
  think that ocean currents would be interesting to
  research because even though sometimes if the
  oceans surface is completely calm, if you get
  into a part in the ocean that has a current it
  could be as violent as if there were waves on the
  surface. I want to know why those parts of the
  ocean dont apply to the rest of the ocean.

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The Climate Of An Ocean

• An oceans climate varies, depending on where
  on the Earth the ocean is. Generally where we
  live an ocean will be fairly cold. That
  temperature could change depending on the
  weather. In polar regions the ocean there is
  always cold, and most of the time the surface of
  the ocean is frozen. Near the equator and tropics
  the ocean is generally warm. That is because the
  ocean is so close to the hot equator and the sun
  usually beats down on the ocean every day. Even
  though In some places The ocean is generally hot
  or cold, near the bottom of every single ocean in
  the world (no matter where it is located) the
  ocean there is cold, dark, and still. There is no
  type of weather in the depths of an ocean but on
  the surface the weather can vary from light waves
  to waves as high as a house.

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Are Oceans In Canada?

• Yes there are more than 1 ocean that touch
  Canada , they are the Pacific Ocean (North
  Pacific), the Atlantic Ocean (North Atlantic),
  and the Arctic Ocean. The Pacific touches the
  West side of Canada. The Atlantic touches the
  East side of Canada. The Arctic touches the North
  side of Canada

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The Conditions That Make It Difficult To Survive
In An Ocean
The most Obvious condition is the lack of air.
Humans arent built to get the dissolved oxygen
out of the water like fish and other marine
animals can. You can get around this condition by
using an oxygen tank or any other external source
of air. Another condition to exploring oceans is,
even if you have enough air to last a long time
there is the water pressure to take into
consideration. You can use a submarine to get
lower in the ocean than you could with just your
body because the submarine would protect you from
more water pressure. But even a submarine has its
limits and would eventually break. Ocean currents
are also an condition to exploring an ocean. If
you dont know where to go in the ocean you could
be tossed around for forever.

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Obstacles To Exploring Oceans

• Another obvious obstacle would be the danger of
  ocean animals. Even though shark attacks dont
  happen often they still could. There are also
  other animals that could hurt you, like
  jellyfish. Some of the most small jellyfish could
  kill you in under a minute. Another obstacle to
  exploring an ocean would be the possibility of
  your equipment breaking. Lets say you were
  traveling in a submarine and parts of the wall
  springs a leak, if the water fills up the
  submarine you will die. 2 more obstacles that has
  to with equipment are, lack of equipment, and the
  prices of equipment. If you dont have enough
  money to pay for your equipment you obviously
  wouldnt be able to explore an ocean. Some of the
  conditions mentioned in the last page would also
  apply here. Those conditions would be, lack of
  air, and ocean currents.

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Why Oceans Are Important To Research

• If we research oceans they will become more
  safe for us to travel on and in. If we didnt
  know anything about oceans there would be way
  more shipwreck occurrences around the globe. If
  we research and explore the ocean we will know
  more about I and therefore it will be a safer
  place for us humans to sail on or swim/dive in.
  The ocean effects the climate of the Earth
  drastically so if we know how the ocean is doing
  we can make a sensible prediction on how the
  Earth will change in the next few years. Another
  reason to research oceans is that children need
  to be educated and if we know more about the
  ocean adults can expand childrens knowledge on
  the ocean.

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What To Use To Explore Oceans And How These
Things Work

• If you want to explore the surface of the
  ocean you would usually use a vessel. Vessels are
  vehicles that explore the top of the ocean. Some
  vessels can be very big, like a cruise ship. Or
  Vessels can be as simple and as small as a row
  boat. Vessels can be powered by motors or by you
  rowing it. There are other ways to power a vessel
  but Im not going to list them all. If you want
  to explore the ocean depths you would have a
  couple different options. One of those options is
  a submersible vehicle. (SV.) A SV is a vehicle
  that explores under the ocean. An example of an
  SV is a submarine. Not all SVs have to be able to
  hold people though. A ROV (Remotely Operated
  Underwater Vehicle) ROVs Are controlled by a
  remote control and are designed to go about 3000
  underwater, where a human would have been crushed
  because of water pressure. ROVs are connected to
  a cable that is connected to a vessel where the
  person with the remote will be controlling the
  ROV. A ROV can be used for a whole bunch of
  different purposes. A few of these are,
  collecting information about the deep sea,
  discovering different types of sea animals and
  much more. Another option for exploring under the
  ocean would be to use a scuba suit. If the
  conditions are good enough that the human inside
  of the suit will not be hurt a scuba suit can be
  very helpful. With the suit the human inside will
  now be taking possibly more accurate
  observations. You will also get to see the ocean
  firsthand other than through a camera from a ROV
  or another kind of SVC like a ROV.

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Who Has Explored Oceans Before

• One very famous ocean explorer was named Jacques
  Cousteau. Jacques was born in France on June 11
  1910. He died in June 25 1997 at 87 years old. A
  lot of what we know about the ocean is because of
  his studies. He was a French naval officer,
  explorer, conservationist, filmmaker, innovator,
  scientist, photographer, author and researcher
  who studied the sea and all forms of life in
  water. He co-developed the Aqua-Lung, pioneered
  marine conservations and was a member of the
  Académie française. Some of Jacquess
  accomplishments he maded when he was alive are
• -Inventing the development of the first
  watertight 35mm still camera
• -Inventing self-righting underwater sleds
  for filming in deep water
• -Designing the modification of torpedoes
  to be used as underwater scooters
• -Inventing the first SCUBA (Self Contained
  Underwater Breathing Apparatus) regulator

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What Canada Has Done To Develop Technology Used
For Exploration

• In port Coquitlam BC there is a company called
  ISE (International Submarine Engineering) At ISE
  they dont necessarily make submarines, they make
  ROVs, AUVs (Autonomous Underwater Vehicles) and
  other Submersibles. In St. Johns, Newfoundland
  And Labrador there are over 50 ocean technology
  companies. Those companies are vital to
  Newfoundland And Labradors economy. There are
  also other places in Canada that contribute to
  ocean technology but at the moment I am not going
  to list them all.

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How You Can Explore Oceans Safely

• If you are planning to explore the surface
  some ways that you can explore an ocean safely
  are by not using a boat that requires too much
  fuel, that would pollute the waters. You could
  also use a boat that doesn't make much noise,
  that would disturb wildlife. If you are planning
  to explore the oceans depths you can use
  submarines that arent too big. If it breaks it
  would be a huge mess! You could also not use any
  environmental hazardous equipment like, a scuba
  suit, a scuba suit wont have any equipment on it
  that would endanger oceans there fore not being
  hazardous. You could also just not use any
  equipment at all. Some people do explore Oceans
  without any equipment, they are called Free
  Divers.

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THE END
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Bibliography

• http//oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/oceanography-
  book/whystudytheoceans.htm
• http//nides.bc.ca/Assignments/Biomes1/Oclimate.ht
  m
• http//www.pbs.org/wnet/savageseas/deep-article.ht
  ml
• http//wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_3_obstacles
  _of_exploring_the_ocean
• http//www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/icot-icto.nsf/eng/hom
  e

http//oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/oceanography-
book/whystudytheoceans.htm http//nides.bc.ca/Ass
ignments/Biomes1/Oclimate.htm http//www.pbs.org/
wnet/savageseas/deep-article.html http//wiki.ans
wers.com/Q/What_are_the_3_obstacles_of_exploring_t
he_ocean http//www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/icot-icto.n
sf/eng/home http//oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/techno
logy/technology.html http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki
/Jacques_Cousteau My parents