Title: a1,1x1 a1,2x2
1? ? ? ?
- ?????????????????
- ?????????(??)
- 2004?12?
2??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???
???????? ???? ???????
3??? ???????? 10.1 ????????? 10.2
????????? 10.3 ?????????? 10.4
??????????
410.1 ????????? 10.1.1 ???? 10.1.2
?????????
5 ????
- ???????????
- a1,1x1 a1,2x2 a1,nxn
b1 - a2,1x1 a2,1x2 a2,nxn
b2 - an,1x1 an,1x2 an,nxn
bn - ?? AXb
610.1 ????????? 10.1.1 ???? 10.1.2
?????????
7 ?????????
- ??????????????
- (1)SISD??????
- Begin
- (1)for in downto 1 do
- (1.1)xibi/aii
- (1.2)for j1 to i-1 do
- bjbj-ajixi
- aji0
- endfor
- endfor
- End
????
8 ?????????
- ??????????????
- (2)SIMD-CREW????????
- - ?? p???????????
- - ??
- Begin
- for in downto 1 do
- xibi/aii
- for all Pj, where 1jp do
- for kj to i-1 step p do
- bkbk-akixi
- aki0
- endfor
- endfor
- endfor
- End // p(n)n, t(n)n
9??? ???????? 10.1 ????????? 10.2
????????? 10.3 ?????????? 10.4
??????????
1010.2 ????????? 10.2.1 ????? 10.2.2 ?????
11 ????????????
- Gauss???(?????)
- ???
- ???
- ???????
- ???????,
- ???????
- ??,????
- ?????,?
- ??????
1210.2 ????????? 10.2.1 ????? 10.2.2 ?????
13 ????????????
- ???????(????)
- ?????????????
- fixi-1gixihixi1bi
i1n - f1hn0
- ??????
- ???????????????????????
- f2i-1x2i-2g2i-1x2i-1h2i-1x2i
b2i-1 - f2ix2i-1
g2ix2i h2ix2i1
b2i -
f2i1x2i g2i1x2i1h2i1x2i2 b2i1 - 2i-1?????????2i????f2ix2i-1?,
2i1??????? - ??2i????h2ix2i1?, ?2i????
- aix2i-2ßix2i?ix2i2?i
i1,2,,n/2
14 ????????????
- ????????
- case 1
case 2 - g1x1h1x2
b1
. - f2x1g2x2h2x3 b2
. - f3x2 g3x3h3x4b3
. - f4x3 g4x4 b4
. - ??????
- g1x1h1x2 b1
? g1x1h1x2 b1 - f2x1g2x2 b2
f2x1g2x2h2x3 b2 -
f3x2g3x3 b3 - ?? x1,x2 ? x1, x2, x3
- ?????x
- ????? ?????????????
- ??????????
15??? ???????? 10.1 ????????? 10.2
????????? 10.3 ?????????? 10.4
??????????
1610.3 ?????????? 10.3.1 ????????? 10.3.2
??????-??? 10.3.3 ???????-????
17 ?????????
- ??????
- ???????????????,????????A??????T,???TXc???????
- ??????????????,???????????
- ????????
18 ?????????
- ?????
- ???????????
- ?????????
- ?????????????????
1910.3 ?????????? 10.3.1 ????????? 10.3.2
??????-??? 10.3.3 ???????-????
20 ??????-???
- ??????
- ??? ???????,?(A,b)????????,
- (????, ?b?A??n1?)
-
- ??? xjaj,n1/ajj
21 ??????-???
- SIMD-CREW??????
- (1)??? n2n????, ???????n(n1)???,
- ??????Pik, i1n, k1n1
- (2)?????
- ??????? // O(n)
- for j1 to n-1, each Pik Par-do
//?j??? - Pij(iltgtj) aij lt 0
- Pik(iltgtj, kj1n1) aik lt
aik-ajk(aij/ajj) - end for
- ??? for each Pjj(j1n) Par-do xj lt
aj,n1/ajj //O(1) - (3)???? t(n)O(n), p(n)O(n2), c(n)O(n3)
?????
22 ??????-???
- ?????
- ??????????? xA-1b
- ?A-1b(????A-1) O(n2)
- ??A-1
-
- ??A-1?? 2?n/2n/2???? i(n/2)
- 6?n/2n/2????
m(n/2) - 2?n/2n/2????
a(n/2) - i(n)i(n/2)6m(n/2)2a(n/2)
- a(n/2)n2/2, m(n/2)O((n/2)x)
2ltxlt2.5 - gt i(n)O(nx) ??,??????????O(nx)
2ltxlt2.5
2310.3 ?????????? 10.3.1 ????????? 10.3.2
??????-??? 10.3.3 ???????-????
24???????-????
- ??????
-
- ?????k, ????????c?
-
- ??????????
- ?????
- ????????????????????,????
- ?????????,??????????????
25???????-????
- MIMD??????
- N????(Nn)??n???, ??????x?????
- ??
- Begin
- (1)oldi ? xi0, newi ? xi0
- (2)????i
- (3)??i
- repeat
- (i) oldi ? newi
- (ii)newi ?
(bi-?kltiaikoldk-?kgtiaikoldk)/aii - until ?i1n oldi - newi
ltc - xi ? newi
- End
26??? ???????? 10.1 ????????? 10.2
????????? 10.3 ?????????? 10.4
??????????
2710.4 ?????????? 10.4.1 ??????????? 10.4.2
???????????? 10.4.3 ??-??????????
28????????????
- ??????????????
- ????A???
- dense Gaussian elimination, etc
- Sparse iterative method
- triangular substitution, odd-even
reduction - certain PDEs multigrid, etc
- ??????
- Gaussian elimination more accurate, more
expensive - Conjugate gradients less accurate, less
expensive - ??????
- architecture, available languages, compiler
quality - libraries?
29????????????
- ????????
- (1)????????(?????????)
- - Gauss???(??????Gauss???)
- - Gauss-Jordan???
- - LU???
- (2)???????(????????????)
- - Jacobi
- - Gauss-Seidel(??????)
- - Jacobi OverRelaxation(JOR)
- - Gauss-Seidel OverRelaxation(SOR)
- - Conjugate Gradient
3010.4 ?????????? 10.4.1 ??????????? 10.4.2
???????????? 10.4.3 ??-??????????
31?????????????
3210.4 ?????????? 10.4.1 ??????????? 10.4.2
???????????? 10.4.3 ??-??????????
33??-??????????
- ?PDE????????????
- (1)Laplace??
34??-??????????
35??-??????????
36??-??????????
- Gauss-Seidel????????
- (1)????????????????
- ??1
??2 - ? ??1???????2????????
37??-??????????
- (2) ????????
-
- ??????????
- ??????????
- ??????????????