How The Human Body Reacts to Environmental Factors

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How The Human Body Reacts to Environmental Factors
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Respiratory System

• Reacts to airborne contaminants
• Major
• Particulate matter
• Carbon monoxide (CO)
• Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
• Hydrocarbons
• smog

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Respiratory System

• Other air-borne contaminants
• VOCs
• Workplace chemicals
• Pesticides
• Pathogens
• Ionizing radiation
• Causes atoms to expel electrons and become ions
• Fly frequently, work in nuclear energy or with
  x-rays, lasers
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vi9dW0k4afCINR1fe
  aturefvwp Healthbeat - Children Air Pollution

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Reactions (Symptoms) Diseases Examples of Connants or Factors That May Cause Reactions
eyes, nose, throat irritation headache smoke and smoking, particulates, smog, CO, SO2, VOCs
difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, excessive mucus, anxiety, weakness asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis and emphysema) smoke and smoking, particulates, smog, SO2, VOCs, pathogens
inflamed lungs, dry cough pneumonia, pneumonitis smoke and smoking, particulates, hydrocarbons, pathogens
chronic cough, difficulty breathing, bloody mucus, chest pain lung cancer smoke and smoking, ionizing radiation, hydrocarbons, workplace chemicals, arsenic, asbestos
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Digestive System

• Reacts to contaminants in foods and liquids
• Heat and stress may also affect it

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Digestive System

• Many digestive system diseases cause by pathogens
• Example 2008 Listeriosis outbreak across Canada
• Unclean meat processing plant equipment

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Reactions (Symptoms) Diseases Examples of Connants or Factors That May Cause Reactions
feeling sick, vomiting nausea alcohol abuse, pathogens, stress, heat
intestinal inflammation and pain, vomiting, cramps, watery diarrhea, bloody stools cholera, dysentery, giardia pathogens
nausea, fatigue, weight loss, coma, kidney failure cirrhosis alcohol and drug abuse, workplace chemicals
fever, rash, nausea, headache, exhaustion, shock, collapse, circulatory failure listeriosis Listeria monocytogenes pathogen
fever, chills, pain, shock, diarrhea septicemia Escherichia coli pathogen
vomiting, diarrhea, difficulty breathing, headache, intestinal pain heavy metal poisoning workplace chemicals, drugs
difficulty swallowing (esophagus), weakness, weight loss, back pain (pancreas), clay-coloured stools (pancreas) cancer of the esophagus and pancreas alcohol abuse, smoking, workplace chemicals
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Integumentary System

• Workplace and household solvents can be absorbed
  and irritate skin
• Example bleach burns skin
• can be absorbed into blood stream and carried to
  rest of body

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Integumentary System

• Environmental factors
• Hot and cold
• UV Rays or ionizing radiation can cause Melanoma
  (skin cancer)
• Poison Ivy skin rash

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Reactions (Symptoms) Diseases Examples of Connants or Factors That May Cause Reactions
rashes, itching eczema, contact dermatitis cleaning fluids, workplace chemicals, glues, disinfectants, oils, heavy metals, pesticides
hair loss alopecia ionizing radiation
hives, itching urticaria drugs, stress, heat, cold, dust mites
sunburn, tumours skin cancer UV rays, ionizing radiation, workplace chemicals
severe adult acne chloracne workplace chemicals, PCBs, herbicides
loss of pigment leukoderma workplace chemicals
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Circulatory and Lymphatic System

• Lymphatic system (immune system) glands, nodes
• Leucocytes (white blood cell) protect against
  pathogens (not all)
• Single cell animals (protozoan's, parasites')
  often survive
• Malaria (protozoan) infected mosquitoe bites
• Ionizing radiation and chemicals

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Circulatory and Lymphatic System

• Lymphatic system filters out bacteria and wastes
  through lymph nodes and spleen
• Lymphocytes (specialized WBC) also do this
  ionizing radiation and chemicals can damage
  lymphocytes

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Reactions (Symptoms) Diseases Examples of Connants or Factors That May Cause Reactions
fever, chills, confusion, sweating, extreme thirst malaria Plasmodium genus pathogens
fatigue, weight loss, fever, weakness, bone and joint pain, infections leukemia (blood cancer) ionizing radiation, VOCs
weight loss, fever, night sweats, enlarged lymph nodes, anemia, lymphoma (lymphatic system cancer) UV and ionizing radiation, PCBs, pesticides
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Nervous System

• Brain, spinal cord, nerves
• Brain and spinal cord central nervous system
  (CNS)
• Nerves and pathways peripheral nervous system
  (PNS)

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Nervous System

• Peripheral nervous system (PNS) sends impulses to
  CNS indicating feeling
• pleasure, touch, pain, hunger, thirst, sound,
  smell, sight, and other stimuli
• CNS responds by sending command back to muscles,
  glands, organs in how to respond
• Ie. Touch something hot tells arm to pull away
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v62dVw7QQVJ8NR1
  Lead Poisoning in Kids

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Reactions (Symptoms) Diseases Examples of Connants or Factors That May Cause Reactions
irritability, numbness speech, vision, hearing, thinking, and coordination problems vomiting, abdominal pain, kidney failure, coma mercury poisoning (Minamata disease) fungicides, workplace chemicals, connated fish and seafood, antiseptics
irritability, burning mouth, nervous system damage, pain, mental disturbances, paralysis, convulsions lead poisoning water from lead pipes, lead in paint, workplace fumes, leaded gasoline
headache, fever, body aches, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, confusion, weakness, paralysis, loss of consciousness meningitis, encephalitis virus
pain, hearing loss deafness excessive noise
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Nervous System
System Parts Reaction Cause Affect (Disease)
Nervous Brain, spinal cord, nerves (CNS, PNS) Irritability, vision, hearing, coordination loss Mercury poisoning (contaminated fish, seafood, workplace chemicals) Minamata Disease
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Urinary and Reproductive Systems

• Urinary rid body of wastes
• Kidneys filter blood to remove wastes excrete
  urine bladder emptied
• Both vulnerable to environmental contaminants
• Bladder infections/kidney infections

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Reactions (Symptoms) Diseases Examples of Connants or Factors That May Cause Reactions
blood in urine, flank pain, fever, tumour kidney, bladder cancer smoke and smoking, hydrocarbons, workplace chemicals
damaged sperm and eggs fertility problems PCBs, workplace chemicals
sexual abnormalities hormone imbalance PCBs, workplace chemicals, non-stick coatings
pain, tumours, discomfort, weight loss ovarian, breast cancers workplace chemicals, ionizing radiation, asbestos, talc
difficult urination, blood in urine, tumours, breast enlargement prostate, testicular cancers pesticides, heavy metals, PCBs, bisphenol-A
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Urinary System
System Parts Reaction Cause Affect (Disease)
Urinary Kidneys, Bladder Blood in urine, pain, fever Smoking, workplace chemicals, pathogens Kidney, bladder cancer, infection