Causes of WWI

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World War I
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Causes of WWI MANIA!

• Militarism - policy of building up a strong
  military to prepare for war

Alliances agreements between nations to provide
aid and protect on another
Nationalism extreme pride in ones country
Imperialism when one country takes over another
country economically and politically.
Assassination of Austrian Archduke Francis
Ferdinand
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Militarism
1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures
France 10
Britain 13
Russia 39
Germany 73
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Alliances

• Triple Alliance

• Triple Entente

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Nationalism

• At the settlement of the Congress of Vienna in
  1815, the principle of nationalism was ignored in
  favor of preserving the peace. Germany and Italy
  were left as divided states, but strong
  nationalist movements and revolutions led to the
  unification of Italy in 1861 and that of Germany
  in 1871. Another result was that France lost
  Alsace-Lorraine to Germany, and regaining it was
  a major goal of the French. Nationalism posed a
  problem for Austria-Hungary and the Balkans,
  areas comprised of many conflicting national
  groups.

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Imperialism

• Great Britain, Germany and France needed foreign
  markets after the increase in manufacturing
  caused by the Industrial Revolution.

• These countries competed for economic expansion
  in Africa. Although Britain and France resolved
  their differences in Africa, several crises
  foreshadowing the war involved the clash of
  Germany against Britain and France in North
  Africa.

• In the Middle East, the crumbling Ottoman Empire
  was alluring to Austria-Hungary, the Balkans and
  Russia.

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European Conquest of Africa
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• TheSpark

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Assassination
Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Duchess Sophie at
Sarajevo, Bosnia, on June 28th, 1914.
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Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand was killed in
Bosnia by a Serbian nationalist group called the
Black Hand who believed that Bosnia should belong
to Serbia.
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Domino Effect

• Austria blamed Serbia for Ferdinands death and
  declared war on Serbia.

Germany pledged their support for Austria
-Hungary.
Russia pledged their support for Serbia.
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Domino Effect

• Germany declares war on Russia.

France pledges their support for Russia.
Germany declares war on France.
Germany invades Belgium on the way to France.
Great Britain supports Belgium and declares war
on Germany.
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Allied Powers

• Central Powers

World War I
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The Schlieffen Plan

• Developed by Alfred von Schlieffen to avoid a two
  front war
• Counted on defeating France quickly and then
  turning efforts to Russia
• Require German armies to march through Belgium
  and attack behind French lines
• European powers had signed a treaty guaranteeing
  Belgiums neutrality
• Britain was outraged and declared war on Germany
  on August 4, 1914

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Schlieffen Plan Failure

• Belgium put up more of a fight than the Germans
  expected
• French British were able
• to hold back the German troops
• at the Marne River in Sept. 1914
• Both side dug trenches and
• Fought in a long, deadly, stalemate
• Battle lines remained unchanged
• for nearly 4 years

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Why was WWI a Stalemate?

• Whats a stalemate?
• Neither side can make a move to win.
• Machine gun. How did this change war? How was it
  fought before?
• Trench Warfare solution.
• Millions die without gaining ground.

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What new weapons were used in WWI?

• Machine gun
• Poison gas
• Submarine
• Airplane
• Tank
• Why these weapons? Why now?

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION!!
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What were the results?

• Germany surrendered.
• Allies impose Treaty of Versailles.
• Declares Germany guilty for war.
• Germany must pay reparations to Allies.
• This sets the stage for WWII!
• League of Nations formed to try to prevent war in
  the future.

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Casualties?

• Total troops mobilized by all countries in WW1
  65,038,810
• Total troops dead from all countries in
  WW18,556,315
• Total troops wounded from all countries in WW1
  21,219,452
• Total missing or POWs 7,750,945

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