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Cardiac Anatomy
Cardiac Physiology
Cardiac Cycle
Circulation
Blood
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The point of the heart, which rests against the
diaphragm
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What is the apex
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The name for the valves that separate the atria
from the ventricles .
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What are atrioventricular valves (AV valves)
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The name of the valve that separates the left
atrium from the left ventricle
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What is the mitral valve
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The thin double layered sac that encloses the
heart
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What is the pericardium
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The wall of muscle that separates the ventricles.
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What is the interventricular septum.
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These cells located in the Sinoatrial node are
self excitable and elicit action potentials that
drive the heartbeat
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What are pacemaker cells
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DOUBLE JEOPARDY The influx of this ion drives
the action potential in cardiac contractile cells
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What is sodium
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Action potential is terminated when potassium
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What is moves out of the cell
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The QRS wave on the EKG represents this.
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What is the depolarization of the ventricle
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The sequence of excitation in the heart
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What is from the SA node to the AV node to the
Bundle of His to the right and left bundle
branches to the Purkinje fibers
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The term for the period when the heart is
contracting
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What is systole
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Heart sounds are caused by
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What is the closing of valves
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The heart is at maximum blood volume during this
phase
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What is diastole
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Cardiac output can be determined by multiplying
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What is stroke volume and heart rate
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DOUBLE JEOPARDY Stroke volume can be regulated by
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What is preload, afterload or contractility
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Blood flows from areas of high pressure to areas
of
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What is low pressure
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Blood flow is defined as
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The amount of blood that flows through a vessel,
organ or whole circulation in a given amount of
time
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The difference between systolic pressure and
diastolic pressure is known as
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What is pulse pressure
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Peripheral resistance can be affected by these 3
things
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Vessel diameter, vessel length and blood viscosity
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MAP can be determined by this equation
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What is CO x TPR
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Red blood cells are also called
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What are erythrocytes
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When blood is centrifuged these can be found in a
thin layer between the RBC and the plasma
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What are WBC and platelets
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The main function of WBC is
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What is defense against disease
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The function of platelet is
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What is coagulation
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The red pigment that binds oxygen is called
_________ and requires _____ in order to properly
carry oxygen.
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What is hemoglobin, iron