The Progressive Movement

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The Progressive Movement

• What You Need To Know
• VUS.8d

12/7/2008
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The Progressive Movement

• How did the excesses of the Gilded Age contribute
  to the development of the Progressive Movement?
• Essential Question What were the goals of the
  Progressives and what were their accomplishments?

Theodore Roosevelt
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The Progressive Movement

• Main Idea The Progressive Movement used
  government to reform conditions created by
  industrialization.
• Theodore Roosevelt Square Deal
• Woodrow Wilson New Freedom

Woodrow Wilson
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Progressive Movement

• Square Deal
• Goals of the Square Deal were to keep the wealthy
  and powerful from taking advantage of small
  business owners and the poor.
• Teddy Roosevelt was president from 1901-1909

• New Freedom
• Placed strict government controls on
  corporations.
• More opportunities and more freedoms for small
  businesses.
• Woodrow Wilson was president from 1913-1921

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Causes of the Progressive Movement

• Excesses of the Gilded Age

• These excesses brought about
• Income disparity and lavish lifestyles
• Practices of robber barons

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Causes of The Progressive Movement

• Working Conditions for Labor
• Dangerous working conditions
• Child labor
• Long hours, low wages, no job security, no
  benefits
• Company towns (example Pullman, Illinois and
  Homestead, Pennsylvania)
• Employment of women

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Goals of The Progressive Movement

• Goals of Progressive Movement
• Government controlled by and responsive to the
  people
• Guaranteed economic opportunities through
  government regulation
• Elimination of social injustices

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Accomplishments of The Progressive Movement

• Progressive Accomplishments
• In local governments
• New forms of government (commissioner-style and
  city-manager style) to meet the needs of
  increasing urbanization.

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The Progressive Movement

• Progressive Accomplishments
• Commission - corrupt city councils were replaced
  by reforming commissions
• City Manager professional city managers were
  hired to run city agencies

Members of the Progressive Party march down
Michigan Avenue, c. 1912.
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The Progressive Movement

• Progressive Accomplishments
• In state governments
• Referendum
• Initiative
• Recall

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The Progressive Movement

• Progressive Accomplishments
• In elections
• Primary elections
• Direct election of U.S. senators (17th Amendment)
• Secret ballot

Prototype of the first secret ballot box, c. 1870
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The Progressive Movement

• Progressive Accomplishments
• In child labor
• Muckrakers described abuses of child labor
• Child labor laws passed

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The Progressive Movement

• Progressive Accomplishments
• The Jungle by Upton Sinclair
• Led to reforms in the meat packing industry

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The Progressive Movement

• Meat Inspection Act
• Pure Food and Drug Act

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The Progressive Movement

• We recognize and are bound to war against the
  evils of today. Theodore Roosevelt

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Progressive Accomplishments

• Impact of labor Unions
• Organizations
• Knights of Labor
• American Federation of Labor (Samuel Gompers)
• American Railway Union (Eugene V. Debs)
• International Ladies Garment Workers Union

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Progressive Accomplishments

• Impact of Labor Unions
• Strikes
• Haymarket Square Riot
• Homestead Strike
• Pullman Strike
• Gains
• Limited work hours
• Regulated work conditions

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Progressive Accomplishments

• Womens suffrage
• Was a forerunner of modern protest movement
• Benefitted from strong leadership (ex. Susan B.
  Anthony)
• Encouraged women to enter the labor force during
  WWI
• Resulted in the 19th Amendment to the Constitution

• Antitrust Laws
• Sherman Anti-Trust Act prevents any business
  structure that restrains trade (monopolies)
• Clayton Anti-Trust Act expands Sherman
  Anti-Trust Act outlaws price-fixing exempts
  unions from Sherman Act

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• Source
• http//americaninstituteforhistory.org/presenters/
  index.php?dirPercoco/Robber_Barons/fileThe_Prog
  ressive_Movement.ppt