Chapter 14 Gas Laws and Kinetic Theory

1

• Happy Wednesday!
• Pick up the handouts
• Get your assigned chrome-book
• We are
• starting Gas
• Laws today!

2
Kinetic-Molecular Theory and Gas Properties
3
Variables Used in Gas Laws

• Temperature measure of the kinetic energy of
  the particles in a substance
•  Volume the amount of space that a substance
  occupies
•  Pressure force of the collisions in a gaseous
  substance
•  What affects pressure?
• Container size, temperature, number of particles,
  particle size
•  Particle Amount and Size

4
Properties of Gases

• highly compressible and low density due to the
  large spaces between gas particles
• indefinite shape will take shape of its
  container
• indefinite volume will occupy the entire volume
  of its container
• high fluidity the particles easily glide by one
  another, allow the gas to flow

5
Kinetic-Molecular Theory and Gases

• Gas is composed of particles
• either molecules or atoms
• Gas particles do not attract or repel one
  another.
• Like billiards balls, they bounce off of one
  anther after a collision

6
Kinetic-Molecular Theory and Gases

• Gas particles are in constant, random motion
• they move in straight line paths
• only changing direction when they collide with
  one another or walls of container
• All gas particle collisions are elastic
  collisions
• energy transferred from one particle to another
  without a loss of kinetic energy.

7

• 5. The amount of kinetic energy, how fast the
  particles move, depends on temperature.
• Higher temperature, move faster
• Lower temperature, move slower
• At absolute zero (0 K lowest possible
  temperature) NO movement

8
Definitions

• Effusion gradual movement of a gas through a
  small opening
• Diffusion gradual mixing of gases due to
  constant random motion