Welcome to Science 71

1
Welcome to Science 71

• December 22, 2009 (74)
• Need Books/Notebooks

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Objective

• Describe the relationships among the three
  components of electricity.

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Agenda Based upon Priority

• Bell Work
• Quiz Repair if needed
• Go Over some new terms
• Vocabulary Puzzle (Show me UR Done)
• Finish B1
• Work on Concept Layer
• B3 Static (If done with Concept layer)
• Electricity Video Clip

4
Bell Work

• Where can Ions carry electric charges? (9)
• In the air
• In a solution
• In your clothes
• Not Sure, I dont read

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Bell work

• Which part of the wire is which? Finish
  Statement
• Wire is to Conductor, as Rubber is to _______
• Current
• Conductor
• Insulator
• Magnet

6
Bell Work

• Please match up the left with the right for one
  Letter! (11)
• A Unlike charges 1. Repel
• B Like charges 2. Attract

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Bell Work

• Read page 10. What positively charged atom is
  necessary for nerves to transmit signals?
• Chlorine
• Potassium
• Sodium
• Not sure

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Electric Discharge

• The rapid movement of excess charge from one
  point to another.
• Page 13
• Read statements under pictures

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Grounding

• Process by which a path is created from an area
  of potential electric discharge and directed into
  the ground (Earth)
• Look around house.

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Electric Current

• Flow of electric charge
• In solids, flow is electrons
• In liquids, flow is Ions
• DC (Batteries)
• AC (Generators)

Direct Current (DC)
Alternating Current (AC)
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Bell Work

• Which type of Electric Current do you think flows
  out of the sockets in your house?
• A. ACB. DC
• C. Not sure

12

• Atoms are comprised of Electrons and Protons, and
  most times Neutrons.
• Protons()
• Electrons(-)
• Neutrons (

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What level is Electricity?

• Hierarchy of Matter
• -Compound or Pure Substance
• -Molecule
• -Atomic Level (Atoms) (Electricity)
• -Sub Atomic (Protons, Neutrons, Electrons)
• -Quarks
• -Strings (Energy)

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Attraction

• Materials that are opposite attract
• Materials that are like repel
• Static Electricity Is a build up of Electrons
  Charge from atoms.

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Vocabulary Extra

• Nissan LEAF
• 1st mass produced all electric capable car.
• 100 miles per charge
• 90 mph
• 26 minutes (80 charge FAST CHARGE)
• 4-8 hours (100 220V)
• 16-18 hours (100 110V)

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• Nissan's Leaf Claims 367 MPG - Is It Better Than
  The Chevy Volt?
• QSince the Leaf solely runs on electricity,
  would charging from home dramatically increase my
  electricity bill?
• ABased on a US average of 0.11/kWh, a full
  charge will cost about 2.75. It could be even
  less, if your area has time-of-use rates and you
  charge at off-peak hours.
• QHow much performance will be lost when battery
  is drained? Would I have to crawl my last 25
  miles? My electric drill does that.
• ATo help you reach a charge point, the LEAF will
  change its output to extend your range when the
  battery gets low.
• Qits great to cut down on vehicle emissions, but
  shouldn't i worry about the power plant used to
  generate the electricity too
• AEven in its dirtiest form, the grid is 60
  cleaner than gas. And it will get cleaner over
  time, unlike gas.

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Vocabulary Puzzle Help

• Ion
• An atom that is positively or negatively charged.
• Charged b/c the total number of electrons is not
  equal to the total number of protons
• Sodium becomes
• Positive by losing
• An electron.
• To be balanced it
• Needs a negative
• Electron.

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Rules and Names

• An anion (an-eye-on), from the Greek word ???
  (ana), meaning 'up', is an ion with more
  electrons than protons, giving it a net negative
  charge (since electrons are negatively charged
  and protons are positively charged).
• Conversely, a cation (pronounced /'kæta??n/
  cat-eye-on), from the Greek word ?at? (kata),
  meaning 'down', is an ion with more protons than
  electrons.

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Ionic Bonding

• When two atoms can share their non-filled shells,
  they can be attracted and bonded

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Voltage

• A measure of the amount of electrical potential
  energy an electron flowing in a circuit can gain,
  in volts
• As you can see, the voltage is like a piston
  which pushes the "fluid" through a pipe.

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Resistance

• A measure of how difficult it is for electrons to
  flow in a material, unit of Ohms.
• Lightbulbs work off the idea that there are so
  many electrons moving through such a small wire,
  there is friction, causing heat. High resistance