Emigrant Tribes

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Emigrant Tribes
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By the 1830s, the world of the native Kanza and
Osage tribes changed. Their land was no longer
their own. Native groups all around the East and
Midwest had been defeated and pushed from their
land by incoming European settlers. The question
was what to do with these eastern Indians. An
idea was to create a Permanent Indian Frontier in
what is now eastern Kansas and Oklahoma. It was
hoped that Indians located here would be
undisturbed by white settlers and the alcohol
trade. But that didnt happen.
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Large and small bands of Indians from the Great
Lakes to Florida were removed to this Indian
Territory. The Cherokees called their brutal
removal journey The Trail of Tears and the
Pottawatomies called theirs The Trail of Death.
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Several native groups were relocated to the area
now known as Franklin County Ottawas, Chippewas,
Munsees, Sac and Fox, Pottawatomies, Shawnees,
Peorias, Piankeshaws, Kaskaskias and Weas.
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The Chippewas of Black River and Swan Creek
(Michigan)
Ash-E-Taa-Na-Quet or Clear Sky (Francis McCoonse)
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Ka-pah-us-ke, (Robert McCoonse) Grandson of the
Old Chippewa Chief
In his youth, he was sent to school in Nazareth,
PA by the Moravian missionaries. Hes wearing
his uniform above.
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Mary Alice McCoonse, Chippewa, right, dressed to
go to school at Haskell Institute in Lawrence,
KS. Her little sister, Matilda Maria, is left.
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The Sac and Fox of the Mississippi
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Sac Chief Keokuk, or the Watchful Fox
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Keokuks son, Wa-som-e-saw called the
Reverend Moses Keokuk in later life.
Sac and Fox
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Op-po-noos or Appanoose or Appan-oze-o-ke-mar (The
Hereditary Chief, or He Who Was a Chief When a
Child)
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Appanoose
Sac and Fox
Right is a print of a painting of Appanoose made
by George Bird King
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Two unidentified Sac and Fox men photographed by
A.W. Barker.
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Two examples of Sac and Fox bark housesone in
Franklin County and one in Oklahoma.
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The Munsees
William Henry Kilbuck
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Munsee John Henry Kilbuck, Moravian missionary to
Alaska
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In 1900, the Chippewas and Munsees were given
their land individually, and the tribes were
dissolved. The two groups posed for a final
photograph.
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The Illinois and Wabash Bands The Peoria,
Kaskaskia, Piankeshaw and Wea
Chief Baptiste Peoria
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The Ottawas of Blanchards Fork, Roche de
Boeuf, and Ocquanoxceys Village
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Ottawa Chief Pah-Tee (John Wilson) 1813-April 9,
1870 Died on the journey to Oklahoma at Osage
Mission
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Che-quah, Ottawa Medicine Woman (Aunt Jane
Phelps) 1766-1886
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Ottawa Chief Ko-twah-wun (Joseph Badger
King) 1822-1915
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Na-qua ke-zhick--Noonday (William Hurr), trustee
of Ottawa University, translator for Sac Fox
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The route of the Ottawa from the Great Lakes
through Ohio to Kansas and then Oklahoma
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By 1900, all the Nations had been relocated to
Oklahoma except the Munsees and Chippewas, whose
tribal organizations were terminated.