Temptation

1
Temptation

Vocation
A Study Guide for CS Lewiss Screwtape
Letters With Special Emphasis on Calling and
Vocation Issues for Daily Living A Lilly Grant
Project Calvin College Paulo and Adriana
Ribeiro  
 
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Temptation
Vocation

"What Satan put into the heads of our remote
ancestors was the idea that they could 'be like
gods' - could set up on their own as if they had
created themselves - be their own masters -
invent some sort of happiness for themselves
outside God, apart from God. And out of that
hopeless attempt has come nearly all that we call
human history - money, poverty, ambition, war,
prostitution, classes, empires, slavery - the
long terrible story of humanity trying to find
something other than God to make them happy."
Temptations
Temptations
Temptations
Temptations
Service
Talents
Vocation
Calling
Re-Direction
A Vocation / Temptation Flow Chart
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Outline

• General Introduction
• The Letters
• How to read them
• How it all begun Lessons from Paradise (The
  Losing of the Original Calling / Vocation)
• Defining Calling / Vocation
• Considerations on Calling and Vocation
• Letters (31 Letters)
• Title, Topics and Issues
• Vocabulary / Key Words
• Analysis Matrix
• Questions for Thinking, Discussions and
  Reflections
• Resistance Strategy
• Key Scriptures to Memorize (and repeat!!)
• Virtues and Stock Responses to Cultivate
• Concepts to Restore
• Characters From The Great Divorce, The Pilgrims
  Regress, etc.
• Conclusions
• Steps for Restoring The Vocation Path / Road Map
• Appendices

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The Letters

• These letters were supposedly written by an
  experienced devil, Screwtape, to his young
  nephew, Wormwood. When these letters first
  appeared in the Manchester Guardian during the
  World War II, a reader wrote as to cancel his
  subscription because much of the advice given in
  these letters seemed to him not only erroneous
  but positively diabolical.
• Lewis explained later only that his purpose was
  not to wonder about the diabolical life but to
  throw light from a new perspective on the life of
  man.
• The letters cover many different situations which
  Christians face on a daily basis. This Study
  Guide has the objective to encourage you to
  further reflect on these issues which affect your
  spiritual struggles and vocational plans.

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How to Read Them

• I note what you say about guiding our patient's
  reading and taking care that he sees a good deal
  of his materialist friend. But are you not being
  a trifle naïf? It sounds as if you supposed that
  argument was the way to keep him out of the
  Enemy's clutches. That might have been so if he
  had lived a few centuries earlier. At that time
  the humans still knew pretty well when a thing
  was proved and when it was not and if it was
  proved they really believed it. They still
  connected thinking with doing and were prepared
  to alter their way of life as the result of a
  chain of reasoning. But what with the weekly
  press and other such weapons we have largely
  altered that. Your man has been accustomed, ever
  since he was a boy, to have a dozen incompatible
  philosophies dancing about together inside his
  head. He doesn't think of doctrines as primarily
  "true" of "false", but as "academic" or
  "practical", "outworn" or "contemporary",
  "conventional" or "ruthless". Jargon, not
  argument, is your best ally in keeping him from
  the Church. Don't waste time trying to make him
  think that materialism is true! Make him think it
  is strong, or stark, or courageousthat it is the
  philosophy of the future. That's the sort of
  thing he cares about.
• Red Devilish Comments and Advices
• Blue Anti-Devilfish Comments and Advices
• Black Connecting Sentences

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How it all begun Lessons from Paradise

• The Losing of the Original Calling / Vocation
• The Steps towards the first misdirection on our
  vocation road map
• Feeling of self importance
• Sense of insatisfaction
• Desire for more (power)
• Lusting with prohibited things
• Falling into temptation
• Realization of the deadly consequences
• Rejection of sole responsibility
• Recognition of obedience and disobedience
• Provokes others to follow similar action of
  disobedience - spreads evil
• Hides the motivation behind the actions
• Exploits the secret motivation to gain control
• Rouses transgression for promoting its own
  benefit
• Action causes death, in other words an act of
  murder is committed
• Becomes blind to the real meaning for the action
  (No man / woman, perhaps, ever at first described
  to himself the act he was about to do as murder,
  adultery, perversion. When he hears it so
  described by other men he is sincerely shocked
  and surprised )

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Defining Calling / Vocation

• Considerations on Calling and Vocation

Vocation, profession, gifts, work, trade, talent,
aptitude, calling, etc. What are their meanings?
What is a talent? What am I supposed to be and
do? What should I be doing as an agent of
renewal? What is their significance in our choice
of studies and professional life? What is the
most significance factor in our calling to be
salt and light? What will I be when I grow up?
What and how should I live out my professional
life as to be a blessing and help forwarding of
Gods Kingdom? We pray daily Your Kingdom
come, Your will be done (Matthew 610). But how
does this apply to my living, working, and how do
I incorporate play? Before we go on let us
just remind ourselves the meaning of vocation
career profession, job, occupation, work, trade,
craft, art or calling aptitude, inclination,
talent, natural ability, ability. With these
definitions in mind let us work through a few
examples of people in the bible who where called
to serve. How did they fare under Gods guidance?
In the Old Testament we see for example of
Abraham, some of the artisans of the first
tabernacle, Barak and Debora, Isaiah and
Jeremiah. In the New Testament, we see the
examples of Maria, Philip and Paul. You add more
examples from the bible and of your
circumstances. - - - - - - - - - - Reference
Callings, etc.
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A Lesson from OT Biblical Botanical Parables

• The Old Testament is full of stories, full of
  warnings, occurring as examples to keep us from
  setting our hearts on evil things as they did (1
  Corinthians 106). What a richness and wealth is
  available to us as we read under the guidance of
  the Holy Spirit!
• In the midst of a nasty development after
  Gideons death, some of his mistakes came with
  consequences to his sons. He had taken a slave
  girl from Sechem as a wife and had a son with
  her. This son after his death killed, in a plot,
  all other sons except one. This is part of the
  complaint of the only son still alive.
• Judges 98-15
• One day the trees went out to anoint a king for
  themselves. They said to the olive tree, 'Be our
  king.'
• 9 "But the olive tree answered, 'Should I give
  up my oil, by which both gods and men are
  honored, to hold sway over the trees?'
• 10 "Next, the trees said to the fig tree, 'Come
  and be our king.'
• 11 "But the fig tree replied, 'Should I give up
  my fruit, so good and sweet, to hold sway over
  the trees?'
• 12 "Then the trees said to the vine, 'Come and
  be our king.'
• 13 "But the vine answered, 'Should I give up my
  wine, which cheers both gods and men, to hold
  sway over the trees?'
• 14 "Finally all the trees said to the thornbush,
  'Come and be our king.'
• 15 "The thornbush said to the trees, 'If you
  really want to anoint me king over you, come and
  take refuge in my shade but if not, then let
  fire come out of the thorn bush and consume the
  cedars of Lebanon!'

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A Lesson from OT Biblical Botanical Parables
The plants express honor in the work God had
assigned to them. Their natural gifts accepted as
worthy of full engagement. There is no desire to
rule, just an intense desire to continue doing
what they could do best. What should our vocation
be? In Genesis God made man in our image, in our
likeness, and let them rule (Genesis 126) we
where made rulers -each with our own, specific,
God given gifts. Then, we hear our Lord Jesus, in
Mark 1042-44 when he sates "You know that those
who are regarded as rulers of the Gentiles lord
it over them, and their high officials exercise
authority over them. Not so with you. Instead,
whoever wants to become great among you must be
your servant, and whoever wants to be first must
be slave of all. We here have an excellent
guideline to our vocational choice. Not
forgetting that we need to serve in love
(Galatians 513) wholeheartedly (Ephesians 67),
It is actually a liberating experience not to be
in need to be the best (even if I have no gift
for the job) as to achieve that specific, most
desired ruling job. Our rule should be one of
servitude. And, if God gives us a position of
leadership, we should be humble and serving,
following our master, always aware of proverbs
1618 which says Pride goes before destruction,
a haughty spirit before a fall. King Solomon
himself being one of the outstanding examples.
As an addendum it needs to be said tha 10Each
one should use whatever gift he has received to
serve others, faithfully administering God's
grace in its various forms. 11If anyone speaks,
he should do it as one speaking the very words of
God. If anyone serves, he should do it with the
strength God provides, so that in all things God
may be praised through Jesus Christ. To him be
the glory and the power for ever and ever. Amen.
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Letter I Title Reason, Truth, Material Needs
and Science Fundamental Principles For Seeking
Direction In this letter CSL covers many
subjects related to seeking direction for life.
From books and friends, to intellectual
attitudes from material needs to the meaning of
life and the popular understanding and use of
science and knowledge, he briefly brings all
these issues into light. Since the advice
proceeds from a devilish perspective the approach
is to put us into a state of confusion and
emphasize what Lewis calls it chronological
Snobbery (ref..).   Be self-controlled and
alert. Your enemy the devil prowls around like a
roaring lion looking for someone to devour.
Resist him, standing firm in the faith, because
you know that your brothers throughout the world
are undergoing the same kind of sufferings. I
Peter 58-9 Like a good chess player he (Satan)
is always trying to maneuver you into a position
where you can save your castle only by losing
your bishop. CSL    
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Truth
Materialism Reasoning Philosophies Doctrines True
/ False Academic / Practical /Outworn Contemporary
/ Conventional Jargon Church Argument Stream Spir
it Ordinary Atheism Actuality Unfamiliar /
Ordinariness Science Economics / Sociology Real
life Modern Fuddle
Vocabulary Key Words Letter I  
Imagination
Science
Reason
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Analysis Matrix Letter I Reason, Truth,
Material Needs and Science  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations/ References
Books and Friends   Relativistic, materialistic Christian Character Building, Believing Search for Wisdom Truth, honesty are needed Ro 53-5 rejoice in our sufferings, because we know that suffering...character Jas 16 he must believe and not doubt Pr 47 get wisdom. Though it cost get understanding Jeremiah 51 deals honestly the truth Php 48 whatever is true
Intellect a. Avoid argument and reasoning. c. Use jargon instead. d. Make him THINK he is strong a. Avoid stupid arguments b. Real Wisdom comes from God c. Get truth and understanding at all cost d. God Says BE strong, e. Gods wisdom is GRACE a. 2Tim 223 Don't have anything stupid arguments b. 1 Kings 328 wisdom from God c. Prov 2323 Buy the truth and do not sell itunderstanding d. Php 313-14 Forgetting what is behind and straining toward Isa 354 Be strong, do not fear e. 2 Corinthians 112 not according to worldly wisdom but according to God's grace
continues
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Analysis Matrix Letter I Reason, Truth,
Material Needs and Science  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations/ References
Philosophies Doctrines a. Encourage several Incompatible Philosophies inside his head b. Doctrines Academic or Practical Outworn or Contemporary Conventional or Ruthless d. Language Use Jargon (and propaganda) Colossians 24 so that no one may deceive you by fine-sounding arguments f. Materialism The Philosophy of the Future a. Built on the foundation of Christ ... b. Avoid unstable teaching c. The god of this age blinds  d. True/False and Yes/No e. Use Scriptures  Use argument / reasoning f. Store treasures in heaven a. Eph 220 built on the foundation b. Eph 414-15 be infants tossed back and forth  c. 2 Co 42-4 the god of this age has blinded d. Mt 537 let your 'Yes' be 'Yes,' and your 'No,' 'No' Ps 255 Guide me in your truth and teach me e. 2 Tim. 316 Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching Titus 212 say "No" to ungodliness and worldly passions 2 Corinthians 105 demolish arguments and every pretension f. Galatians 14 present evil age Mt 619-21 treasures in heaven Luke 1215 life does not consist in abundance of
continues
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Analysis Matrix Letter I Reason, Truth,
Material Needs and Science  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations/ References
Material Needs Takes Precedence Use the pressure of the ordinary to enslave your patient. Teach him to call it real life Lower Priority Not of bread alone Seek first the kingdom Real Life Eternal Life Mt 44 not live on bread alone Mt 633 firstkingdom Jn 173 this is eternal life Matthew 2546 eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life
Meaning of Life Keep pressing home on him the ordinariness of things God uses Ordinary for the extraordinary! Purpose and Meaning of Life God has an eternal plan   Acts 413 ordinary men, they were astonished Ps.13916 ordained written in your book Proverbs 1921 plans in a man's heart LORD's purpose that prevails
  Science       Knowledge Use Chronological Snobbery General / updated information, modern investigations Avoid exact science. Try sociology, economics Fuddle Proven science Be humble       Seek Wisdom and Discernment Ps 191 heavens declare the glory of God Mt 2312 whoever humbles himself will be exalted     Pr 47, Proverbs 146 the mocker seeks wisdom and finds none, but knowledge comes easily to the discerning
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Characters From The Great Divorce
Letter I

• An interview with an apostate cleric ... ...
• "My dear boy, I'm delighted to see you," it was
  saying to the Spirit, who was naked and almost
  blindingly white. "I was talking to your poor
  father the other day and wondering where you
  were." "You didn't bring him?" said the other.
  "Well, no. He lives a long way from the bus, and,
  to be quite frank, he's been getting a little
  eccentric lately. A little difficult. Losing his
  grip. He never was prepared to make any great
  efforts, you know. If you remember, he used to go
  to sleep when you and I got talking seriously!
  Ah, Dick, I shall never forget some of our talks.
  I expect you've changed your views a bit since
  then. You became rather narrow-minded towards the
  end of your life but no doubt you've broadened
  out again." "How do you mean?" "Well, it's
  obvious by now, isn't it, that you weren't quite
  right. Why, my dear boy, you were coming to
  believe in a literal Heaven and Hell!" "But
  wasn't I right?" ----------

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Questions for Discussion - Letter I   1 How
enslaved are we to chronological snobbery?   How
can we use reasoning to grow spiritually?   3
How enslaved are we to the pressures of the
ordinary?   4 How can argument and reason bring
us close to God? (Gods ways are not our ways, but
should we use our God given intellect?)   5 Is
science (real science) a help or a threat to our
understanding of God?   6 How do these issues
affect my perspective on my spiritual life and
personal vocation plans and goals?   7 How do
these issues affect my DAILY walk with
God?     For Further Reading and Reflection   How
does this chapter shows a light on how I relate
to God and see my vocation? Reading The Weight
of Glory..  
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Letter I
Think About This! Arguing From Reason (against
naturalism and materialism) 1 - No proposition
is valid if it can be fully explained as a result
of non-rational causes. 2 - If non-rational
causes are the only existing causes, then all
propositions can be fully explained as the result
of non-rational causes. 3 - But if non-rational
causes are the only existing causes, then no
proposition is valid. 4 - If no proposition is
valid, then the proposition that non-rational
causes are the only existing causes is not
valid. 5 - Therefore, if non-rational causes are
the only existing causes, then the proposition of
non- rational forces is not valid. 6 - Any
proposition that entails its own denial must be
rejected. 7 - Therefore, the non-rationality of
causes ought to be rejected and its denial ought
to be accepted. Think of an independent argument
for premise 1. Why exactly do you think it is
true? What reasons could be given to support it?
If you could do that, I think that maybe you
would be getting at the real core disagreement
between yourself and the naturalist/materialist.
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Letter I
Think About This! - What is Argument "You see
he is trying to argue. Now tell me, someone,
what is argument?" There was a confused
murmur. "Come, come," said the jailor. "You
must know your catechisms by now. You, there"
(and he pointed to a prisoner little older than a
boy whose name was Master Parrot), "what is
argument?" "Argument," said Master Parrot, is
the attempted rationalization of the arguer's
desires." "Very good," replied the jailor, "but
you should turn out your toes and put your hands
behind your back. That is better. Now what is
the proper answer to an argument proving the
existence of the Landlord?" "The proper answer
is, 'You say that because you are a
Steward.'" "Good boy. But hold your head up.
- - - - Now just one more. What is the answer
to an argument turning on the belief that two and
two make four?" "The answer is, 'You say that
because you are a mathematician.'" "You are a
very good boy," said the jailor. The Pilgrims
Regress
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Letter I
Think About This!
Herman Dooyeweerd - Modal Aspects of Reality
Aspects
Quantitative (to do with quantity, amount)
Spatial (to do with continuous extension, space)
Kinematic (to do with movement flowing movement)
Physical (to do with energy mass)
Biotic (to do with life functions)
Sensitive (to do with sense, feeling, emotion)
Analytical (to do with distinguishing )
Formative (to do with history, culture, technology shaping and creativity)
Lingual (to do with symbolic communication)
Social (to do with social interaction)
Economic (to do with frugal use of resources)
Aesthetic (to do with harmony, surprise, fun)
Juridical (to do with what is due 'retribution', rights and responsibilities)
Ethical (to do with self-giving love)
Pistic (to do with vision, aspiration, commitment, creed, religion)
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Letter I
Think About This!
Inter-disciplinary Modes and Issues
Impacted by and Impacts
Transcendental / Religious Worldview
Population
Morality / Ethics
Politics
Globalization
Economics, Aesthetic, Juridical, Ethical Justice
Politics
Employment
Food
Prosperity
Sensitive, Analytical, Formative, Lingual,
Social Culture
Population
Life Style
Technologies
Globalization
Biotic Life Environment
Politics
Globalization
Technologies
Life Style
Food
Population
Spatial, Kinematics Motion, and Physical Energy
Food
Population
Technologies
Life Style
Globalization
PF Ribeiro
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Letter I
Think About This!
TRUTH
Wisdom
Revelation
Meaning
Creation
The Pathways to TRUTH
truth
Metaphysics
Literature
Com. Sense
Science
Religion
Philosophy
Can you think of a better ways to describe this
search?
Imagination
Creation
Reason
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Resistance StrategyVirtue and Stock Responses to
CultivateBlogging Your Experience
Letter I
Resistance Strategy




Virtue and Stock Responses to Cultivate




Passion for Truth


www.blogging.your.experience.com
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Letter II Title Appearance, Reality and the
Church Fundamental Principles For Exercising
Discernment Screwtape advises Wormwood to focus
the patients attention upon the actual people in
the church sitting in the pews around him not
upon the Church as we see her spread out through
all time and space and rooted in eternity,
terrible as an army with banners(ref..).
  When tempted, no one should say, God is
tempting me (James 113) If you think you
are standing firmNo temptation has seized you
except what is common to manHe will also provide
a way out so you can stand firm under it. I Co
1012-13 You however, are not controlled by a
sinful nature (Ro 85-17) ---------------------
-- Like a good chess player he (Satan) is
always trying to maneuver you into a position
where you can save your castle only by losing
your bishop. CSL We should never ask of
anything Is it real?, for everything is real.
The proper question is A real what? e.g., a
real snake or a real delirium tremens? CSL   
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Church (Outside) Half-finished Sham Gothic Church
((Inside) Local grocer with oily expression Shiny
little book of liturgy containing corrupt texts
in small print Neighbors to be avoided Mind flit
to and fro "the body of Christ" and the faces in
the next pew. Neighbors sing out of tune, have
boots that squeak, double chins, odd clothes Mind
full of togas and sandals and armor and bare
legs People in church wear modern (real)
clothes Hazy mind, disappointment, anticlimax
Nursery stories to Greek. Transition from
dreaming aspiration to laborious doing. Free
lovers, servants, sons, desiring freedom
Religion as mere hypocrisy and convention Prayer
- parrot talk.
Vocabulary Key Words Letter II  
Appearance
Reality
We should never ask of anything Is it real?,
for everything is real. The proper question is
A real what? e.g., a real snake or a real
delirium tremens? CSL
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Analysis Matrix Letter II Appearance, Reality
and the Church  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations, References
Habits Mental Bodily Now the habits are still in our favor (sinful nature) See with eyes, not heart Be controlled by the Spirit fruits of the Spirit, in love Consider others better than yourself Work your salvation with fear and trembling Ro 89 are controlled not by the sinful nature but by the Spirit Gal 510-26 serve one another in love fruits of the Spirit Php 23 not vain conceit humility consider others better Php 212-13 Work out your salvation with fear and trembling
The Church Unfinished buildings Unpleasant people Rooted in eternity, spread through space and time, terrible as an army with banners Colossians 118 He is the head of the body, the church 1 Tim 315 church of the living God Revelation 1919 (army)
Appearance Reality Lean heavily on outward appearances Appearance signing out the future Keep the real question out of sight Keep everything hazy Do not let them come past the initial dryness Reality, the real body of Christ, Inward beauty Deal with realities Gods plan is our victory Col 124 his body, which is the church 1 Peter 33 beauty should not come from outward adornment Colossians 217 shadow of the things reality, however, is found in Christ Ephesians 425 falsehood and speak truthfully OTVeiled Ex 3429-30, II Co 37 NTUnveiled II Co 317-18 I Co 1557 He gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ
continues
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Analysis Matrix Letter II Appearance, Reality
and the Church  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations, References
Emotions Fluctuating emotions work hard at disappointment and the anticlimax Real Life disappointments help to get rid of emotions/suffering produces perseverance Sound reasoning see our own faults Gods Word is a mirror Ro 53 also rejoice in our sufferings Ps 13923-24 know my heart 2 Tim. 113 keep as the pattern of sound teaching Heb 121 run with perseverance the race James 122-25 listens to the wordlooks mirror
Humility Avoid humility Making him Think he is humble God teaches real humility A haughty spirit before the fall Mt 2312 whoever humbles himself will be exalted Mt 184 (be humble) Pr.1618
Prayer Today A culture of the now No hard work or effort Only feelings and what you see counts - Teaches self esteem Loose all to gain all A pearl of Great Price Consider all loss Php 38-11consider everything a loss compared Mt 1346 away and sold everything he had Romans 836 For your sake we face death all day long
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• Questions for Discussion - Letter II
•  
• 1. Define the Church Visible and Invisible
  (Building, People, Liturgy - Transcendental Body)
• 2. How do we differentiate between reality and
  appearance?
• 3. How can one avoid the anticlimax after a
  conversion experience?
• 4. How can we prepare and overcome the
  disappointments, the dry spells in our
  Christian Life?
• 5. Discuss the contrasts of hypocrisy and
  humility
• 6. How do we respond to Gods love?
• 7. Are Christians better than other people in
  any sense?
• 8. What is the common component of free lovers
  and servants.
• How can learn to control our emotions and why
  trained emotions can be a source of joy not a
  step towards hypocrisy?
• 10. Habits mental and bodily (the need for
  discipline and sanctification)
•  
•  
• For Further Reading and Reflection
•  
• How does this chapter shows a light on how I
  relate to God and see my vocation?

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Letter II
Character From The Pilgrims Regress
Mr. Sensible ... ... "Why, as to that you know,
the great art of life is to moderate our
passions. Objects of affection are like other
belongings. We must love them enough to enrich
our lives while we have them--not enough to
impoverish our lives when they are gone. You see
this puzzle here. While I am engaged on it seems
to me of sovereign importance to fit the pieces
together when it is done I think of it no more
and if I should fail to do it, why I would not
break my heart. Confound that Drudge. Hi!
whoreson, are we to wait all night for our
supper?" "Coming, sir," said Drudge from the
kitchen. "I think the fellow goes to sleep over
his pots and pans, "said Mr. Sensible, "but let
us occupy the time by continuing our
conversation. Good conversation I reckon among
the finer sweets of life. But I Far from
attacking the spiritual life, the cultured world
patronizes it would not include diatribe or
lecturing or persistent discussion under that
head. Your doctrinaire is the bane of all talk."
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Letter II
Character From The Pilgrims Regress
Mr. Sensible ... ... "You refer, no doubt, to
some aesthetic experience. There again--I would
not urge a young man to shut his eyes to that
sort of thing. Who has not felt immortal
longings at the lengthening of the shadow or the
turning of the leaf? Who has no stretched out his
hands for the ulterior shore ? But our
imaginations, like our appetites, need
discipline not, heaven help us, in the interest
of any transcendental ethic, but in the interests
of your own solid good. That wild impulse must
be tasted, no obeyed. The bees have stings, but
we rob them of their honey. To cut off
pleasures from the consequences and conditions
which they have by nature, detaching, as it were,
the precious phrase from its irrelevant context,
is what distinguishes the man from the brute and
the citizen from the savage. I cannot join with
those moralists who inveigh against the Roman
emetics in their banquets still less with
those who would forbid the even more beneficent
contraceptive devices of our later times. That
man who can eat as taste, no nature, prompts him
and yet fear no aching belly, or who can indulge
in Venus and fear no impertinent bastard, is a
civilized man. In him I recognize Urbanity--the
note of the centre."
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Letter II
Character From The Pilgrims Regress
Mr. Sensible ... ... "Do you know of any way
across the canyon?" said Vertue abruptly. "I do
not," said the host, "for I have never made
inquiries. The proper study of mankind is man ,
and I have always left useless speculations
alone. Suppose that there were a way across, to
what purpose should I use it? Why should I
scramble down this side and up the other to find
after my labours the same soil still beneath me
and the same heaven above? It would be laughable
to suppose that the country beyond the gorge can
be any different from the country on this side of
it. "There might be different people on the
other side of the canyon," suggested John in the
momentary pause that followed. "That is even
less likely," said Mr. Sensible. "Human nature
is always the same. The dress and the manners
may vary, but I detect the unchanging heart
beneath the shifting disguises. If there are men
beyond the canyon, rest assured that we know them
already. They are born and they die and in the
interval between they are the same lovable
rascals that we know at home." "Still," said
John, "you can't really be certain that there is
no such place as my Island. Reason left it an
open question." "Reason!" exclaimed Mr.
Sensible. "Do you mean the mad woman who goes
riding about the country dressed up in armour? I
trust that when I spoke of the reasonable life
you did not think that I meant anything under her
auspices? There is a strange confusion in our
language here, for the reasonableness which I
commend has no more dangerous enemy than Reason.
Perhaps I should drop the use of the name
altogether, and say that my deity is not reasons
but le von sens ." "What is the difference?"
said Vertue. "Sense is easy, Reason is hard.
Sense knows where to stop with gracious
inconsistency, while Reason slavishly follows and
abstract logic whither she knows not. The one
seeks comfort and finds it, the other seeks truth
and is still seeking. Le bon sens is the father
of a flourishing family Reason is barren and a
virgin. If I had my way I should clap this
Reason of your in the bridewell to pursue her
meditations in the straw. The baggage has a
pretty face, I allow but she leads us from our
true aim--joy, pleasure, ease, content, whate'er
the name! She is a fanatic who has never
learned form my master to pursue the golden mean,
and, being mortal, to think mortal thoughts.
Auream quisquis --" "It is very odd that you
should say that," interrupted Vertue, "for I also
was brought up on Aristotle. But I think my text
must have differed from yours. In mine, the
doctrine of the Mean does not bear the sense you
have given it at all. He specially says that
there is no excess of goodness. You cannot go
too far in the right direction. The line that we
should follow may start from a middle point in
the base of a triangle but the further off the
apex is, the better. In that dimension--" Its
ignorant and dilettante scepticism "Do manus !"
broke out Mr. Sensible. "Spare us the rest,
young man. We are not at a lecture, and I readily
admit that your scholarship is more recent than
mine. Philosophy should be our mistress, not our
master and the pursuit of a pedantic accuracy
amidst the freedom of our social pleasures is as
unwelcome as--" "And the bit about thinking
mortal thoughts," continued Vertue, whose social
experience, as I dreamed, was not extensive, "the
bit about mortal thoughts was quoted by Aristotle
to say that he disagreed with it. He held that
the end of mortal life was to put on immortality
as much as might be. And he also said the most
useless of studies was the noblest." "I see you
are letter-perfect, young man," said Mr.
Sensible, with a rather chilly smile, "and I am
sure these pieces of information, if repeated to
your teachers, would win the applause they
deserve. Here, if you will forgive me, they are
a little out of place. A gentleman's knowledge
of the ancient authors is not that of a pedant
and I think you have misunderstood the place
which philosophy ought to hold in the reasonable
life. We do not memorize systems. What system
can stand? What system does not leave us with
the old refrain--que sais--je ? It is in her
power to remind us of the strangeness of
things--in the brown charm of her secluded
meditations--above all, in her decorative
function--that philosophy becomes instrumental to
the good life. We go to the Porch and the
Academy to be spectators, not partisans.
Drudge!!" "Dinner is served, sir," said Drudge,
appearing at the door. Then I dreamed that they
went into the dining-room and so to table.
31
Letter II
Character From The Pilgrims Regress
Mr. Sensible ... ... "Reason!" exclaimed Mr.
Sensible. "Do you mean the mad woman who goes
riding about the country dressed up in armour? I
trust that when I spoke of the reasonable life
you did not think that I meant anything under her
auspices? There is a strange confusion in our
language here, for the reasonableness which I
commend has no more dangerous enemy than Reason.
Perhaps I should drop the use of the name
altogether, and say that my deity is not reasons
but le von sens ." "What is the difference?"
said Vertue. "Sense is easy, Reason is hard.
Sense knows where to stop with gracious
inconsistency, while Reason slavishly follows and
abstract logic whither she knows not. The one
seeks comfort and finds it, the other seeks truth
and is still seeking. Le bon sens is the father
of a flourishing family Reason is barren and a
virgin. If I had my way I should clap this
Reason of your in the bridewell to pursue her
meditations in the straw. The baggage has a
pretty face, I allow but she leads us from our
true aim--joy, pleasure, ease, content, whate'er
the name! She is a fanatic who has never
learned form my master to pursue the golden mean,
and, being mortal, to think mortal thoughts.
Auream quisquis --"
32
Letter II
Character From The Pilgrims Regress
Mr. Sensible ... ... "It is very odd that you
should say that," interrupted Vertue, "for I also
was brought up on Aristotle. But I think my text
must have differed from yours. In mine, the
doctrine of the Mean does not bear the sense you
have given it at all. He specially says that
there is no excess of goodness. You cannot go
too far in the right direction. The line that we
should follow may start from a middle point in
the base of a triangle but the further off the
apex is, the better. In that dimension--" Its
ignorant and dilettante scepticism "Do manus !"
broke out Mr. Sensible. "Spare us the rest,
young man. We are not at a lecture, and I readily
admit that your scholarship is more recent than
mine. Philosophy should be our mistress, not our
master and the pursuit of a pedantic accuracy
amidst the freedom of our social pleasures is as
unwelcome as--" "And the bit about thinking
mortal thoughts," continued Vertue, whose social
experience, as I dreamed, was not extensive, "the
bit about mortal thoughts was quoted by Aristotle
to say that he disagreed with it. He held that
the end of mortal life was to put on immortality
as much as might be. And he also said the most
useless of studies was the noblest." "I see you
are letter-perfect, young man," said Mr.
Sensible, with a rather chilly smile, "and I am
sure these pieces of information, if repeated to
your teachers, would win the applause they
deserve. Here, if you will forgive me, they are
a little out of place. A gentleman's knowledge
of the ancient authors is not that of a pedant
and I think you have misunderstood the place
which philosophy ought to hold in the reasonable
life. We do not memorize systems. What system
can stand? What system does not leave us with
the old refrain--que sais--je ? It is in her
power to remind us of the strangeness of
things--in the brown charm of her secluded
meditations--above all, in her decorative
function--that philosophy becomes instrumental to
the good life. We go to the Porch and the
Academy to be spectators, not partisans.
Drudge!!" "Dinner is served, sir," said Drudge,
appearing at the door. Then I dreamed that they
went into the dining-room and so to table.
33
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34
Letter III Title Relationships, Prayer, Faith
and Action Principles for Consistency in Prayer
Life In this chapter Lewis focuses on prayer
and domestic living. In prayer, Lewis here
develops the distinction between spiritual
prayer and effective. He describes how prayer
can be rendered innocuous to the point of keep
on rubbing the wounds of the day a little sorer
even while he is on his knees. On domestic
living we see the development of evil habits such
as mutual annoyance, neglect of the obvious, and
double standards, and Lewis shows how a person
can turned at a moment's notice from impassioned
prayer for a wife's or son's "soul" to beating or
insulting the real wife or son without a qualm
and beating or insulting a person without
qualm.      
35
Analysis Matrix Letter III Relationships,
Prayer, Faith and Action  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations, References
Changes of conduct Get in first Keep in touch with other family charges Gradually from the centre to a new standard
Prayer a. Keep the patient from the intention of prayer altogether b. Render it innocuous (easy and entertaining) Let him pray -Parrot like prayers, in devotional mood (no will or intelligence) thinking feeling is important position makes no difference -Pray spiritually with self examination avoiding the obvious c. When praying for people -Create an imaginary person -let it never flow in treatment for the real one d. result prayer to insult rubbing the wounds little sorer a. Pray at all times, in the Spirit b. Pray at all times, in all situations, all kinds of prayers with WILL, INTELECT, directly to the Lord (Peter at the sea) faith, in obedience, no repetition hidden, with bended knees -practical, for real issues (discern) in faith ? peace (no interference) -Avoid looking at self c. When praying for people -Take the plank out of your own eye first, do not judge your neighbor -Turn the other cheek - Leave wrath to God d. Gods peace will result a. James 513-16 Eph 618 (at all times) Romans 826 (The Spirit intercedes with groans) b. Lk 181-8 (parable of the persistent widow) Mat 2641 (Not fall into temptation) Matthew 67 (no vain repetition) Is 626-7 give yourselves no rest Ro 1212 faithful in prayer Luke 111-11 the Lords prayer Proverbs 308 Keep falsehood and lies far c. Mt 71-5 Do not judge Matthew 539 right cheek, turn to him the other Romans 1219 Do not take revengeGods wrath d. Phil 44-7 (Gods peace )
continues
36
Analysis Matrix Letter III Relationships,
Prayer, Faith and Action  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations, References
Common ground and actions -Dualistic approach horror and neglect of the obvious -Keep his mind on inner life and off the elementary duties Use voice tone and moment (keep double standard) -Integrated action -Love your neighbor as yourself Mt 2239 Love your neighbor as Dt 1918 no false testimony against your neighbor
Relationship With Spouse, Family -Neglect of the obvious -develop domestic hatred with double standards (face value innocence)-Good and settled habit of mutual annoyance, Daily pinpricks -Love and understanding -be as little children -Think of others more highly than yourself Ro 151-7 (accept one another) Matthew 183 unless you change and become like little children
Habits to develop -Mutual annoyance -horror and neglect of the obvious -prayer innocuous spiritual, reminding of sins (save her soul) for a fictitious character. -mind on self examination -double standards -jealousy -Effective prayer -No double standard no dishonesty sober judgment confess our sin we where called to peace -Be thankful for all Proverbs 111 The LORD abhors dishonest scales Romans 123 think of yourself with sober judgment Colossians 315 you were called to peace. And be thankful. I Jn 19 (confess our sins)
37
Questions for Discussion - Letter III   1. How
can domestic irritations adversely affect the
Christian life? 2. How in Lewis thinking how
does God work to bring a young Christian under a
new standard? 3. How can domestic irritations
adversely affect the Christians prayer and
living? 4. Why should we avoid concentrating our
minds on the inner life? 5. How should we
pray? 6. What would be the habits Screwtape wants
Wormwood to develop in his patient? 7. What
would be the neglect of the obvious? 8. Develop
the double standards of this chapter and try to
apply them to your relational world.     For
Further Reading and Reflection   How does this
chapter shows a light on how I relate to God and
see my vocation? Reading The Weight of
Glory..  
38
Letter III
VIRTUES TO CULTIVATE
I. Diligence II. Patience III. Honesty IV.
Courage V. Charity VI. Creativity VII.
Empathy VIII. Humility IX. Stewardship X.
Compassion XI. Justice XII. Faith XIII.
Hope XIV. Wisdom
The Cardinal Virtues prudence, temperance,
courage, justice The Theological Virtueslove,
hope, faith The Seven Contrary
Virtueshumility, kindness, abstinence,
chastity, patience, liberality, diligence
humility against pride, kindness against envy,
abstinence against gluttony, chastity against
lust, patience against anger, liberality against
greed, and diligence against sloth. The Seven
Heavenly Virtuesfaith, hope, charity,
fortitude, justice, temperance, prudence The
Seven Corporal Works of Mercy Feed the hungry,
give drink to the thirsty, give shelter to
strangers, clothe the naked, visit the sick,
minister to prisoners, and bury the dead.
39
VIRTUES TO CULTIVATE
Diligence Patience Honesty Charity
Humility Compassion Justice Faith Hope
Wisdom
Courage
Courage is not simply one of the virtues, but the
form of every virtue at the testing point. C.
S. Lewis
40
Letter III
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41
Letter IV Title Prayer Why? And Does It
Work? The Fundamental Communication The Link
Betewen Incomplete Individuals and the Utterly
Concrete Person In this chapter Lewis expands
on the development of habits for prayer. He
describes the difference between a beginner, who
still is developing out of the parrot like
nature of his childhood prayers and a patient
whose real nakedness of a soul in prayer shows
him as very far advanced in the Enemys
service      
42
Prayer vaguely devotional mood composed his
spirit to love a sense of supplication prayer of
silence bodily position subtler misdirection away
from Him towards themselves trying to produce
feelings estimate the value of each prayer by
their success in producing the desired
feeling Wherever there is prayer, there is
danger He is cynically indifferent to the dignity
of His position ghastly luminosity, that stabbing
and searing glare you must keep him praying to
itto the thing that he has made, not to the
Person who has made him subjective nature, and
the man trusts himself to the completely real,
external, invisible Presence, this real nakedness
of the soul in prayeryou will be helped by the
fact that the humans themselves do not desire it
as much as they suppose.
Vocabulary Key Words Letter IV  
Form
Position
Direction
43
Analysis Matrix Letter IV Prayer Why? And Does
It Work?  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Questions, Observations
Prayer Form a. Keep the patient from the intention of prayer altogether. b. Or childlike parrot prayer, let it be Entirely spontaneous Inward Informal Unregularised c. Let him try Producing a devotional mood (no will or intelligence) a. Pray at all times, in all situations b. All kinds of prayers, in childlike Faith directly to the Lord in freedom and confidence confessing our sins c. Mood is not important Faith (believing) righteousness (forgiven sinner) a. Ephesians 618 (at all times) b. James 515 prayer offered in faith Ephesians 312 approach God with freedom and confidence c. Genesis 156 believed credited as righteousness I Jn 19 (confess our sins) James 516 confess your sinsThe prayer of a righteous man is powerful and effective
Position Bodily position makes no difference -Merely composing ones spirit to love -Indulging a sense of supplication - For clever and lazy patients whatever their bodies do affects the soul Try to keep things OUT of their minds On our knees - Persistently 1 Corinthians 127 God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong Fill your minds with the Holy Spirit 1 Kings 1842 Elijah put his face between his knees Luke 58 (Peter) Mat 2641 (Not fall into temptation)Luke 18 (parable of the persistent widow) Ephesians 518 be filled with the Spirit
continues
44
Analysis Matrix Letter IV Prayer Why? And Does
It Work?  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Questions, Observations
Attitude Prevent them from attending to God turning the gaze from God to themselves Produce their FEELINGS by the action of their OWN WILL Charity - charitable feelings Courage Feel brave Forgiveness Try to feel forgiven Estimate the value by the feeling let them not understand this depends on their health , tired etc There is immediate action! - It might take a while for an answer - Gods will might not be our will There's such a thing as getting more than they bargained for! It is for our best    The Holy Spirit will intercede for us! -No communication interference -Peace Lack of faith? ?Peter at sea Daniel 923 As soon as you began to pray, an answer was given I Jn 514 (ask anything according to His will) Jer 2911 (For I know the plans I have for you.. not to harm you Romans 826 (The Spirit intercedes with groans) Phil 44-7 (Gods peace will result)! Mt 1428-31 (why did you doubt?)
Direction Pray to IT not to the person who made me They have never known that ghastly luminosity, that stabbing and searing glare which makes the background of permanent pain to our lives Pray to the God your Creator not what you think Thou art, but what Thy knowest Thyself to be In the nakedness of your soul (Our Father who art in heaven) Isaiah 626-7 give yourselves no rest
45
Questions for Discussion - Letter IV   1.
According to CS Lewis, what is the first reaction
against the parrot like prayers of childhood? 2.
What would be the main difference between a
prayer of an advanced in the Enemys service
and the spontaneous prayer of the beginner? 3.
Does the position of the body have any influence
on prayer according to Screwtape? 4. How do
feelings affect my prayer life? 5. What is
according to CS the danger of the real nakedness
of the soul in prayer? 6. What does the
Enemy pours out in quite shameless fashion on
the praying patient?     For Further Reading
and Reflection   How does this chapter shows a
light on how I relate to God and see my vocation?
Reading Letters to Malcolm chiefly on prayer  
Prayer is either an illusion or a personal
contact between embryonic, incomplete person
(ourselves) and the utterly concrete person.
Prayer in the sense of petition, asking for
things, is a small part of it confession and
penitence are its threshold, adoration its
sanctuary, the presence and vision of God its
bread and wine. CSL
46
Searching Gods Will to Our Vocation in
Prayer In searching for our vocation, the first
and foremost challenge is, How do we communicate
with God? Jesus is the best example for our
prayer life. Especially before major decisions or
tasks, he spends nights in prayer and fasting.
When Jesus began his ministry, it was not less
than 40 days! How are we dealing with our
decisions in life? But before we can even start
to pray, we might consider - total honesty
with regard to the challenges and temptations
which we face at college and in the real world. -
total transparency in our dealings, business and
relationship - total acceptance of our
limitations, etc. - total surrender to the Lord
now (it will happen sooner or later - hopefully
in faith) - total commitment and involvement with
the tasks at hand Only then, we will be able to
maintain the focus on the Christian calling and
vocation road map, and facilitate corrections on
the journey when we are distracted on the way.
47
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48
Letter V Title War, Fear of Pain, Suffering,
Death and Faith Fundamental Principles For
Facing Fear and Death In this chapter Lewis
describes the difference between death in wartime
and in peacetime. He describes the emotional
problems of wartime, not many times in their
favor as Men are killed in places where they
knew they might be killed and to which they go,
if they are at all of the Enemy's party,
prepared as in wartime not even a human can
believe that he is going to live forever.
  Be self-controlled and alert. Your enemy
the devil prowls around like a roaring lion
looking for someone to devour. Resist him,
standing firm in the faith, because you know that
your brothers throughout the world are undergoing
the same kind of sufferings. I Peter
58-9 Like a good chess player he (Satan) is
always trying to maneuver you into a position
where you can save your castle only by losing
your bishop. CSL    
49
Analysis Matrix Letter V War, Fear of Pain,
Suffering, Death and Faith  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations and Strategies
Pain and Suffering Concentrate on the Future reward of all our laborsthe anguish and bewilderment of a human soul -Terror-pictures of the future -Self-pitying glances at the happy past -Thrills in the pit of his stomach finally secure his soul a brim-full living chalice of despair and horror and astonishment do not allow any temporary excitement to distract you from the real business of undermining faith and preventing the formation of virtues Concentrate on the Present -Rejoice in our sufferings -Do not look back on past -Perfect peace -Encouraging faith -Promote formation of virtue -Ro. 53-5 rejoice in our sufferings -2 Co. 15 Christ our comfort overflows Ph. 310-11 attain to the resurrection from the dead -Luke 962 "No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for service in the kingdom of God." -Isaiah 263 perfect peace him whose mind is steadfast John 1427 Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid -Col 312 clothe yourselvespatience Acts 1422 Strengthening the disciples and encouraging them to remain true to the faith. We must go through many hardships to enter the kingdom of God," they said.
continues
50
Analysis Matrix Letter V War, Fear of Pain,
Suffering, Death and Faith  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations and Strategies
Reaction to War fear and suffering of the humans is a legitimate and pleasing refreshment Make Extremists -Extreme Patriotism -Ardent Pacifism Bringing souls to Our Father Below Is it just? Is it moral? -Self control makes prizes of humans who have given their lives for causes He thinks bad on the monstrously sophistical ground that the humans thought them good and were following the best they knew -Do not be stiff-necked -Be courageous and strong -Avoid all extremes Micah 68 He has showed you, O man, what is good. And what does the LORD require of you? To act justly and to love mercy and to walk humbly with your God. -Pr 2911 A fool gives full vent to his anger, but a wise man keeps himself under control Dt 1016 Circumcise your hearts, therefore, and do not be stiff-necked any longer1 Co 1613 Be on your guard stand firm in the faith be men of courage be strong Ecc 718 The man who fears God will avoid all extremes
Wars a. Great opportunity for attacks on faith -Immediate Fear -Suffering b. certain tendencies inherent by no means in our favor -hope for a good deal of cruelty and unchastity continual remembrance of death our best weapons, contented worldliness, is rendered useless a. His blockade is admittedly imposing See thousands turning in this tribulation. to the Enemy nevertheless have their attention diverted from themselves to values and causes which they believe to be higher than the self b. Part of Redemption c. Be Prepared 1 Co 1013 provide a way out so that you can stand up under it Jer 363 Ro. 53-5 rejoice in our sufferings
continues
51
Analysis Matrix Letter V War, Fear of Pain,
Suffering, Death and Faith  
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations and Strategies
Death In wartime undesirable deaths Men are killed in places where they knew they might be killed and to which they go, if they are at all of the Enemy's party, prepared not even a human can believe that he is going to live forever In peacetime true condition unknown costly nursing homes amid doctors who lie, nurses who lie, friends who lie, as we have trained them, promising life to the dying, encouraging the belief that sickness excuses every indulgence, and even, if our workers know their job, withholding all suggestion of a priest lest it should betray to the sick man his true condition - Him that suffering is an essential part of what He calls Redemption -In Service - In Faithfulness precise moment of terror, bereavement, or physical pain, you may catch your man when his reason is temporarily suspended post is nearly always defended - Heb. 1025 35-39 But we are not of those who shrink back and are destroyed, but of those who believe and are saved -1 Pe 113-16 prepare your minds for action -Mat. 2523 'Well done, good and faithful servant
Faith A faith which is destroyed by war cannot really have been worth the trouble of destroying. Faith Endures Heb. 111 Now faith is being sure of what we hope for and certain of what we do not see
52
Questions for Discussion - Letter V
53
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54
Analysis Matrix Letter VI My - Not Thy - Will
Be Done (Life's Tribulations) Mind Activities -
General Attitude to War
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations and Strategies
Lifes Tribulations a. our business is to keep them thinking about what will happen to them -maximum uncertainty -mind filled with contradictory pictures of the future -arousing hope or fear There is nothing like suspense and anxiety for barricading a human's mind against the Enemy b. Let him think daily cross means -practice fortitude and patience to a dozen different and hypothetical fates -the Enemy does not greatly assist those who are trying to attain it a. wants men to be concerned with what they do -submitting with patience to the Enemy's will -accept with patience the tribulation which has actually been dealt out to him b. for the daily task of bearing (todays fear and suffering) the daily bread will be provided -resignation to present and actual suffering, even where that suffering consists of fear a. Mt. 6 25, Revelation 210 do not worry about your life Deut. 316, Do not be afraid or terrified b. Matthew 1624 "If anyone would come after me, he must deny himself and take up his cross and follow me James 414 Why, you do not even know what will happen tomorrow. What is your life?
General Activities of Mind a. Concentrate on the Object b. If favorable to the Enemy bend his mind back on itself - Fix Attention Inward a. Concentrate on the Soul b. Look upwards to God - Be concerned with what you do now a. Psalm 1306 My soul waits for the Lord more than watchmen 1 Peter 19 for you are receiving the goal of your faith, the salvation of your souls b. Psalm 121 Hebrews 122 Let us fix our eyes on Jesus

55
Analysis Matrix Letter VI My - Not Thy - Will
Be Done (Life's Tribulations) Mind Activities -
General Attitude to War
Area of Life Devils Advice Gods Way Observations and Strategies
Spiritual Law a. Weaken his prayers -diverting his attention from the Enemy Himself to his own states of mind about the Enemy b. Patient's mind is diverted from the thing feared to the fear itself c. all activities of mind which favor our cause, encourage the patient to be un-self-conscious and to concentrate on the object a. Strengthening prayers -attention to Jesus - attaining the Goal b. Diverted from fear c. Be self-conscious about evil - Watch your step -be un-self-conscious about yourself when doing good a. Ephesians 618 pray in the Spirit on all occasions with all kinds of prayers and requests Hebrews 122 b. Philippians 314 I press on toward the goal to win the prize c. Luke 637 "Do not judge, and you will not be judged - Matthew 63 But when you give to the needy, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing
General Attitude to War a. Vindictive feelings against imaginary scapegoats a.