Introduction to Migration

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Introduction to Migration

• Adapted from

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What is Human Migration?

• It is the movement of people from one place in
  the world to another for the purpose of permanent
  resident, either willingly or by force.

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Types of Human Migration

• Internal Migration moving within a state or
  country
• External Migration moving to a new state or
  country
• Emigration Leaving one country to move to
  another
• Immigration Moving into a new country

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Why do People Migrate?

• Push Factors Reasons for leaving a place
  because of a problem (examples are famine,
  overpopulation, flood, war, escape persecution,
  slavery, etc.)
• Pull Factors Reasons for moving into a place
  because of something desired (examples are
  climate, food, better jobs, freedom, share a
  belief, etc.)

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Migration is Global

• In 2005, 191 million people were counted as
  living outside the country of their birth
• The number of migrants worldwide has doubled
  since World War II
• If they lived in the same place, international
  migrants would form the 5th most populous country
  in the world

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Migration is Global
Source United Nations Population Division.
Trends in Total Migrant Stock, 2005 Revision. p
11.
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What are the effects of migration?

1. Effects on the immigrants
2. Effects on the host country
3. Effects on the home country
4. Multi-national issues

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Effects on the Immigrants

• Issues of identity
• Issues of adaptation and assimilation
• Differing cultural values between generations

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Effects on the Host Country

• Economic impacts
• positive and negative
• real and perceived
• Welfare issues
• Social attitudes

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Effects on the Home Country

• Remittances
• Loss of revenue

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Top 20 Remittance-Receiving Countries (by
amount)
Source World Bank. Global Economic Prospects
2006 Economic Implications of Remittances and
Migration. 90.
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Effects on the Home Country

• Families left behind
• Brain drain
• Population decrease

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Multi-National Issues

• Open border policies
• Immigration policies
• Security issues
• Human trafficking/slavery