History of Hospitality

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History of Hospitality

• Hospitality is one of the oldest businesses
• First records of travel are recorded on cave
  walls about 6000 years ago
• Money, writings, and the wheel had just been
  invented.
• These inventions made it easier to travel and
  conduct business

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Early History

• The hospitality business probably began with the
  Sumerians.
• In 4000 B.C. the Sumerians lived near the Persian
  Gulf and grew grains that they turned into
  alcoholic beverages
• They built taverns and served beer ----these
  taverns were some of the first hospitality
  businesses

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• Early traders traveled from region to region to
  trade their spices, gold, and other exotic goods.
• They needed places to sleep and eat while
  traveling.
• People built inns and taverns along the trade
  routes.
• These inns and taverns served tired, hungry, and
  thirsty travelers.

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Egypt, Greece, and the Roman Empire

• 3 countries played an important role in the early
  days of the hospitality business
• Ancient Egypt began the tourism trade
• About 2700 B.C. the pharaohs built the pyramids
• The beauty and majesty attracted visitors
• They needed places to eat and sleep

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• Ancient Greece had a role in the hospitality
  business.
• 2 important contributions
• 1. the Greek language became the universally
  accepted language of international trade
• 2. Greek money became the standard of
  exchange

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Greeks defeated the Romans

• In 146 B.C. the Greeks defeated the Romans
• They developed roads throughout their empire
• This road system made travel easier and quicker

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After fall of the Roman Empire

• After the fall of the Roman Empire, there were
  many wars and invasions.
• Travel became dangerous
• Travel and tourism came to a stop.
• During the Middle Ages, the churches offered
  food and a place for travelers to rest.
• The Renaissance followed and there was a rebirth
  of travel
• Taverns and inns were once again open

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Development in the United States

• Our country has made great contributions to the
  hospitality business.
• Grand hotels, motels, restaurant chains,
  fast-food businesses, and franchises all
  originated in the U. S.
• As each new mode of transportation developed,
  hospitality businesses opened up along the route
  or at the stations.

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Inns for Stage Coach Travelers

• In the 1600s, stagecoach routes were established
  in the U. S.
• Inns soon were built along the routes
• Travelers ate and slept at these inns
• Stages usually arrived at set times. The
  innkeeper would have everything prepared when
  passengers arrived.
• The innkeeper tried very hard to take care the
  travelers needs.

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Grand Hotels for Railroad travelers

• During the 1800s railroad travel developed and
  spread.
• This was much more comfortable than stagecoach
  travel
• It also decreased the length of travel time
• A 110 mile trip would take 11 hours by stage
  coach only took 2 ½ hours by train
• Inns, saloons, and restaurants were built close
  to the railway stations

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Tremont House Hotel in Boston

• During the railroad boom-the first grand hotel
  was built in America
• Grand hotel offered luxury accommodations
• The Tremont House in Boston was built in 1828
• A hotelier was the manager or owner of a hotel

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• The Tremont was 4 stories tall.
• Elevators had not been invented.
• This caused problems for the guests.
• Tremonts hotelier created a new position
  bellhop
• When he heard a bell ring, he had to hop to it to
  help guests.
• His job was to carry heavy luggage upstairs

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Luxury Hotels in Europe

• Cesar Ritz was raising the standard of luxury
  hotels in Europe.
• The Savoy in London, England had high standards
  of excellence and luxury
• The Ritz in Paris, France was the 1st to have a
  private bath, built in closets, and telephones

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Back in the United States

• Back in the U. S., hotel industry pioneers were
  developing the hotel chain.
• In the early 1900s Ellsworth Statler developed
  his chain of Statler hotels. His rooms had
  telephones in each room, full-size closets,
  modern plumbing, radios, and free morning papers.

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Motels for Automobile Travelers

• A motel combines basic hotel services with the
  convenience for the automobile traveler.
• Early days was called a tourist court or motor
  court.
• It was located near a highway.
• Parking was free and usually located right
  outside the door.
• Had to carry in your own luggage

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Holiday Inn developed by Kemmons Wilson

• Mr. Wilson was disappointed by the accommodations
  he found on a trip to Washington, D. C.
• He could either stay at an expensive downtown
  hotel or at a small motor court that charged
  extra for his children and was often not air
  conditioned, small, and often dirty
• He decided to develop his own chain that would
  meet the needs of a family
• This was the beginning of the Holiday Inn

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