The Study of Gender Chapter 1

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The Study of GenderChapter 1
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Chapter Overview

• Quiz
• The Humanist Manifesto
• The Study of Gender
• Views
• History of the Study of Sex Differences in
  psychology
• 1960s Development of Women's Studies (1960s)
• The Mens Movement
• Sex or Gender?
• Should Psychologists Study Gender?
• Considering Diversity
• Directed Free Writing.
• Homework
• Movie

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False

• 1. We call men and women the opposite sex
  because men and women are very different from
  each other.

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False

• 2. Most research about men and women looks for
  similarities between the two groups.

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Not necessarily.

• 3. Women are natural nurturers.

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• Written exercise
• What do you believe?
• What are your basic values? (List at least
  three)
• What do you use as your standard for your
  personal morals?

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Were not sure.

• 4. Most differences between male behavior and
  female behavior are biologically based.

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False

• 5. The terms sex and gender mean about the
  same thing.

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True

• 6. Some feminists advocate moving toward an
  acceptance and appreciation of traditionally
  feminine values.

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False

• 7. The father of psychology is Sigmund Freud.

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True

• 8. Up until the 1960s, women were assumed to be
  inferior to men.

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True

• 9. Most women and men support the Womens
  Movement.

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True

• 10. There is a Mens Movement similar to the
  Womens Movement.

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• The Humanist manifesto
• As in 1933, humanists still believe that
  traditional theism, especially faith in the
  prayer-hearing God, assumed to live and care for
  persons, to hear and understand their prayers,
  and to be able to do something about them, is an
  unproved and outmoded faith. Salvationism, based
  on mere affirmation, still appears as harmful,
  diverting people with false hopes of heaven
  hereafter. Reasonable minds look to other means
  for survival.

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III. The Study of Gender
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A. Views

• 1. Essentialist (Evolutionary psychology) vs.
  biosocial views
• Minimalist view
• Maximalist view

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1. Structuralism

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• 2. Functionalism

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3. Behaviorism
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• 4. Psychoanalysis

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• c. Gender Psychologists Goal
• to clarify the difference between biologically
  determined (nature) and socially determined
  (nurture) differences.

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D. 1960s Development of Women's Studies

• 1. Types of Feminists
• Liberal extending womens rights
• Radical oppression of women
• Cultural womens unique, valuable point of view.
  
• Changes in psychology and other fields
• more research on women
• decrease sexist bias in research.
• Division 35, Psychology of Women established
  (later changed to the Society for the Psychology
  of Women).

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E. Men's Movement

• 1. The feminist movements influence
• 2. Division 51 of APA, the Society for the
  Psychological Study of Men and Masculinity,
  (1995).

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F. SEX OR GENDER?

1. Sex differences implies biological basis for
   differences.
2. Gender differences includes traits and
   behaviors socially appropriate for men and women.

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Psychologists should study gender.

• Y.J.U.

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G. The textbooks conclusions.

1. Pro expand and focus on gender research.
2. Con a concentration on gender exaggerates
   differences.

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H. CONSIDERING DIVERSITY

• Dramatic Reading When I Look in the Mirror, p.
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• A Girl Like Me
• (U-Tube Clip)
• B. 1980s gt a more inclusive psychology

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IV. Directed Free Writing

• Consider the possibility of waking up tomorrow
  and discovering that you were no longer the same
  sex or race or both. What changes in your
  beliefs, behavior, aspirations, and preferences
  would you have to make?

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Homework (see handout packet).
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VI. Tootsie