World History Semester Review

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World History Semester Review

Ancient Greece
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Some Important People

• Solon- Leader of Athens who introduced social,
  political, and economic reforms.
• Pericles- Statesman who established direct
  democracy in Athens.
• King Leonidas- Spartan warrior-king who died in
  the battle at Thermopylae.
• Sophocles- Playwright who wrote Antigone.
• Homer- Blind poet credited with creating the
  Iliad and the Odyssey.

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More important people

• Hippocrates- Physician whose oath set ethical
  standards for doctors.
• Socrates- Philosopher who examined beliefs and
  ideas through critical questioning.
• Archimedes- Scientist who applied principles of
  physics to make practical inventions.
• Aristotle- Philosopher who taught good conduct
  meant following a moderate course.
• Pythagoras- Mathematician who derived a formula
  to calculate the relationship between sides of a
  right triangle.

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Even more important people

• Herodotus- Historian who wrote about the Persian
  Wars.
• Aristocracy- Rule by the landholding elite.
• Democracy- Government by the people.
• Monarchy- Government in which a King or Queen
  exercises central power.
• Rhetoric- Art of skillful speaking.
• Strait- A narrow water passage.

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Some basic facts

• Minoan civilization owed its success mainly to
  trading with other civilizations.
• The great epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey,
  reveal much about the lives of the ancient
  Greeks.
• The rocky islands and isolated valleys of Greece
  contributed to the development of individual
  city-states.
• From childhood, Spartan boys were trained to be
  soldiers.

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Some more basic facts

• Athens enjoyed a golden age under the leadership
  of Pericles.
• Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian cultures
  contributed to the new Hellenistic civilization.
• Alexanders greatest achievement was spreading
  Greek culture.
• According to Aristotle, the best government was
  ruled by a strong and virtuous leader.

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Just about done with Greece

• Following the Persian Wars, Greece was dominated
  by...
• Greek theater evolved out of...
• Conflict between Athens and Sparta resulted in
  what wars?
• The works of Greek artists and architects
  emphasized this...
• This geographical characteristic provided Greece
  with a link to the outside world

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Possible Essay questions

• List the differences between Athens and Sparta
• Describe the kinds of government Greeks developed
  between 750 b.c. and 500 b.c.
• List three similarities between the ideas of
  Plato and Aristotle.
• Describe three popular themes of Greek drama