Summary and Follow on of GAME- Siberia Activity

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Summary and Follow on ofGAME- Siberia Activity

• Takeshi OHTA
• Nagoya University, JAPAN
• FORSGC, JAPAN

2
Activities

• Water and energy exchanges above typical land
  surface
• / cross
  cutting studies
• Key words Phenology, Tree ages, Permafrost,
  Snowmelt water
• Water balance in the Lena river basin
• Key words spatial distribution, permafrost
• Modeling of water and energy exchange
• Key words winter processes
• Regional distribution of the fluxes obtained from
  the airplane observations -gt ABL/AAN
• Date set
• Key words Dataset CD-ROM
• Domestic workshop including not only GAME-Siberia
  but also other projects related to Siberian
  regions
• Key words High-speed information exchanges

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Water and energy exchanges

• Importance of phenology
• There was a difference between these two forest
  types in spring seasons.
• Effects of tree ages and tree species
• There was no differences between the young and
  old stands, and larch and pine forets.
• Role of permafrost
• Permafrost was buffer of the annual variation of
  precipitation for evapotranspiration.
• Role of snow melt water
• Release of latent heat caused by refreezing of
  snowmelt water was important for the increase of
  soiltemp.

4
Water balance and runoff characteristics
in the Lena river basin

• There was a significant difference of water
  budget in the Lena river basin.
• Direct runoff characteristics changed according
  to the seasonal variation of permafrost thawing
  depth.

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Modeling of water and energy exchange

• The winter processes, e.g. snow interception
  loss, were slotted into the basic land surface
  model.
• Solid water storage on the canopy is assumed to
  be about five times of rainfall storage. The role
  of snow interception might be important for water
  and energy cycle in the boreal zone.

6
Date set

• The dataset CD obtained from GAME-Siberia was
  published in November, 2003. The CD is delivered
  during this meeting.

7
Domestic workshop including other projects
related to Siberian regions

• A number of project, e.g. IGBP, Fluxnet, promoted
  by Japanese foundation are operated in eastern
  Siberia. It is necessary to implement high-speed
  information exchanges.
• Domestic WS
• Objectives
• Summarizing the results obtained from
  GAME-Siberia
• Information exchanges among the science projects
  in Siberia
• Date and Place
• 17 19 Dec., 2004
• Tokyo

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Follow on -Major topics unsolved in
GAME-Siberis-

• The effects of plant (forest) ecosystem and
  physiology
• Ecological effect
• stand structure (e.g. LAI, Stand density, Crown
  Projection)
• aerodyanamics, energy balance on the floors and
  so on.
• Physioligical effects
• canopy conductance vs environment vs tree species
• The winter processes
• Snow interception
• Heterogeneity of micrometeorological condition
• snow/permafrost
  thawing
• Long-term variations
• Warming issue
• Land use change

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Follow on -Project and/or Program-

• Frontier Observational Research System for Global
  Change - FORSGC -
• Winter processes, Regional systems, Long-term
  monitoring
• 1999 -
• Core Research for Evolutional Science and
  Technology
• - CREST-
• The effects of biosphere on the water, energy an
  carbon cycles in boreal forest zone
• 2002 - 2007
• Northern Eurasian Earth Science Partnership
  Initiative
• - NEESPI -
• An umbrella project for a number of project in
  northern Eurasia
• 2003
• By NASA and RAS

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FORSGC
cooperation with CREST

• Landsurface conditions related with the energy
  cycle and their long-term monitoring
• Long-term monitoring of soil temp. and soil
  moisture
• Changes on permaforst cased by the warming issue
  and landuse change
• Water and energy exchanges in boreal forest
  during the winter season
• Snow/permafrost thawing characteristics
• Snow interception loss
• Runoff processes in Siberian region
• Modeling of the above processes
• Data-base of the boreal zone

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- CREST cooperation with FORSGC

• Plant physiological effects
• Responses of canopy conductance to environmental
  variables
• Climatic conditions and tree species and/or
  forest types
• Forest ecological effects
• Canopy structure and aerodynamic characteristics
• Evapotranspiration from forest floors
• Winter processes
• Spatial temporal distributions of physiological
  and ecological effects
• What is the controlling factors for these
  distributions?
• Modeling of physiological/ecological effects in
  the landsurface skeam
• Estimating of on water/energy/carbon exchanges
  caused by the biosphere changes under the global
  changes

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- NEESPI -

• NEESPIs Role
• To provide the framework for developing an
  integrated understanding of the Earth system for
  this part of the globe
• NEESPIs Goal
• Establish a large scale, interdisciplinary
  program between the ecosystem, atmosphere and
  human dynamics
• Develop a science plan, initially based on U.S.
  Russia Earth Science research funding
• Assess institution, information and
  infrastructure resources in Russia other
  northern Eurasia
• Prepare research proposal
• Develop international agreements that facilitate
  joint research
• Implement a high-speed information and data
  exchange network