Mental Health

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Mental Health Mental Disease
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Mental Health Self Esteem

• Mental health is the well being of the mind.
  Self esteem is vital
• Self esteem is liking yourself and being able to
  express what you believe is right. Self
  acceptance!

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2 mirrors that dont match

• You can choose to change to become closer to the
  other mirror or accept your imperfection and
  rewrite the other mirror.
• Either way there are affects pos/neg

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Personality

• Personality is a mix of how you feel, think, and
  behave
• It is due to genetics AND environment.

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• What was your personality like as a baby. A child
  and now?
• How is it the same?
• How is it different?

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How Environment affects Personality

• Socialization/Culture
• Conditioning rewards and punishment for behavior
• Observation of role models
• Gender role
• Stereotype
• Labels (change to I struggle with)
• I am good at .

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Imagos window

• What I know about me
• What you know about me
• What a higher power knows about me
• What I really am The truth

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Where are the discrepancies in your mirrors?

• The expectation mirror and your belief mirror?
  What makes more sense based on the facts?
• What is the truth?
• What will you change and what will you accept
  about yourself?

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Theorist

• Freud focuses on how instincts or drives
  influence development
• Focuses on intellectual stages
• Erickson Focuses on social development
• Maslow Focuses on human needs

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Freuds Theory of Human Instinct

• Id What I Want
• Ego What I will do
• Superego What ideally should do
• Consciencegood angel and bad angel on the
  shoulders

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Developing Healthy Wellness

• Self concept your view of yourself. Is it
  accurate? Do others see you that way?
• Responsibility Do you accept responsibility for
  your behavior?

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Self-Examination

• Do you have problems that you ignore and let
  others resolve for you?
• Are there things about your behavior that you
  would like to change?
• Does peer pressure cause you to do things that
  you would like to change? Does it cause you to
  do things you normally wouldnt do?

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• An unexamined life is likely to result in a
  repeat of chronic poor behavior. Living status
  quo, not to your potential or maslows hierarchy
  of self actualization.
• Examination creates self awareness and the
  possibility of positive change and/or self
  acceptance.

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Defense Mechanisms
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Defence Mechanisms

• Repression pushing feelings away from the
  conscious thought.
• Rationalization Making an excuse for behavior.
• Compensation Covering up faults or weakness by
  trying to excel else where.

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Defense Mechanisms Con't

• Projection Projecting your own negative feelings
  to someone else. You are disappointed in
  yourself, you say someone is disappointed in you.
• Idealization Seeing someone as perfect. The way
  you want them to be, not the way that really are.

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Defense Mechanisms Cont

• Daydreaming is the creation of make believe
  events that seem more pleasant or exciting that
  the real world.
• Regression To go back to a time when you were
  less mature.
• Denial the refusal to recognize reality.
• Displacement Taking emotions out on an innocent
  person.

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Defense Mechanisms Cont

• Reaction formation hiding their true feelings by
  acting opposite of how they really feel.
• e.g. Acting happy that someone else won the
  award.
• Acting like you are glad that he broke up with
  you.

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Mental Disease
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History of mental illness

• Labels witches,lunatics,evildoers
• Ways of dealing with mental illness
• Rituals were performed by priest, or magicians
• Exorcisms
• Potions to rid the evil spirits

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• Trepanation hole drilled in the head to allow
  the evil spirits to be released.

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• Ancient Greeks believed that the mentally ill
  person was being punished by the gods for
  wrongdoing.

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• Middle ages witchcraft and demons were the
  belief of the behavior of the mentally ill
• treatment
• Persecution, restraining, beatings, starvation
  and drowning

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• Renaissance
• Belief that the stars and moon caused madness
  thus the term lunacy
• Special institutions were built for the mentally
  ill called insane asylums
• The conditions were unsanitary

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• 1700s French physician Philippe pinel
  introduced the concept of exercise, fresh air and
  cleaner environment

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• 1883 Emil kraepelin developed a system for
  diagnosing mental illness

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Depression

• Everyone occasional blues.
• Causes Hormones or circumstances
• Treatment Attitude adjustment, stress
  management, problem solving techniques, temporary
  meds, time

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Major Depression

• 9 of the population
• Signs and Symptoms extreme sadness, insomnia,
  hypersomnia, decreased sex drive, appetite
  fluxuations, anhedonia, decreased energy,
  hopelessness, self mutilation, suicidality

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Treatment

• Antidepressants Zoloft, prozac, desyrel, etc
• Inpatient Treatment Suicide prevention
  contracts contract in which patient will inform
  staff of suicidal feelings

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• ECT electroconvulsive therapy is used only as a
  last resort for extreme depression.
• It basically jumpstarts the brain to release
  serotonin.
• ECT is a temporary fix. Follow up care is
  mandatory

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Walk between the raindrops

• The 3 things that people have in common that are
  happy and successful despite tragedy in their
  life is

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• 1) they become knowledgeable about the topic that
  is causing them pain
• 2) they surround themselves with resources such
  as family ,friends, church members, counsellors.
  They do not try to deal with the problem alone.
• 3)They do the things that they find meaningful.
  They focus on the things that bring them joy and
  defocus on the things that make them sad

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• Think about a problem in your life!!!
• How can you become knowledgeable about that
  topic?
• Who can you use as resources?
• What is meaningful in your life and how can you
  use that to bring you joy?

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• Depression is a chemical imbalance but the
  chemical imbalance can be restored with
• A) medication
• B) attitude change
• c) talk therapy

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• 90 of all suicide victims have a psychiatric
  disorder.
• Psychiatric disorders can be treated with
  medication and counselling
• 50 of all suicide victims have alcohol in their
  system

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Eating disorders

• Anorexia patients are at higher risk for suicide
  than bulimia patients

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Depression questionnairesuicide video
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Bipolar/Manic-depressive Disorder

• Patient plays 2 different behaviors extreme
  excitement and depression.
• Meds Lithium, tegretol valprotic acid
• 2 of the population

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Signs Symptoms

• Excitement
• Grandiosity
• Insomnia
• Increased energy
• Increased spending (shopping sprees, or excessive
  buying)?
• Agitation
• Euphoric

• Delusions
• Hallucinations

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tures/famous-people-with-bipolar-disorder.aspx11
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Schizophrenia

• Chronic mental disorder in which a person cannot
  differentiate fantasy from reality.
• Meds anit-psychotic drugs like clozaril
• 1 of population

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Signs Symptoms

• Hallucination auditory, somatic, tactile,
  visual, or olfactory
• Delusions
• Flat monotone voice
• Inappropriate expression of speech/content

• Lack of initiative/energy
• Disheveled appearance
• Poor hygiene
• Rigid posture
• Pacing for hours
• Rocking
• Bizarre behavior

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Antisocial Disorder

• Person has not conscience or remorse
• SS irresponsible w/ family, friends and
  financial matters. Irritable, aggressive but
  charismatic and manipulative to get their way

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Obsessive-compulsive Disorder OCD

• Obsession an idea, thought or impulse that does
  not go away
• Compulsion Behavior that is respective and
  intentional
• Washing hands, counting items, anal organization
  habits, etc

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• Begins at any age
• Males and females equally
• Tend to abuse alcohol and anti anxiety drugs

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Post traumatic stress syndrome

• Experiences traumatic event such a rape, witness
  a murder, MVA, war

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symptoms

• Recurrent thoughts of the event.
• Acting it out
• Nightmares
• Depression
• Anxiety
• Feeling of guilt

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• Impulsive behavior
• Hyper vigilance
• Exaggerated startle response
• Angry outburst
• flashbacks

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Dissociative identity disorder

• 2 or more distinct personalities, each with its
  own way of perceiving, relating to and thinking
  about the environment and self.
• Only one personality is in control at a time.
• When one person comes out it is called
  dissociation

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• Each personality is called an alter
• Host personality is in control most of the time.
• Some alters age with time
• May be different ages, race, and gender.
• Each alter has a job.

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• Perhaps, spouse, parent, employee, child,etc
• One alter may go on a trip and the other get the
  bill, and not remember the trip

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symptoms

• Loss of time
• Regressive behavior
• Extreme changes in behavior
• Not keeping appointments

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Anxiety attack

• Paralysis of the individuals ability to function
  socially or deal with life situations rationally
• Symptoms
• Lightheadedness
• Heart palpitations

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• Tingling or numbness of the extremities
• )parathesis)?

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Panic attack

• A severe form of anxiety that leads to sheer
  terror

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hypochondriasis

• Preoccupied with their health
• Convinced they are ill even though the Dr. cannot
  find anything wrong

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phobia

• A dread or irrational fear of specific objects or
  situations

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agoraphobia

• Fear of some many things that the individual will
  not leave their home.

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Tools to curb anxiety

• Slow down
• Good nutrition
• Adequate sleep
• Exercise
• Take walks
• Meditate
• Relaxation techniques

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• Relaxation breathing
• Get away
• Music
• Recreation
• Develop routine
• Seek out friends
• Volunteer

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• Live in the here and now.
• Go to therapy
• Anti anxiety meds
• Dont characterize things.
• Focus on what you can do not what others should
  do.
• Remove yourself from the toxic situation
• Have a plan

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forgiveness

• Read article and answer the questions.

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Ways to create trust

• Introduce yourself (first names only)?
• Keep your word
• Observe their body language
• Make frequent short visits
• Be honest if you cant keep the secret dont
  tell them you will

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• Stay within your boundaries dont become their
  buddy stay professional
• Set limits
• Find out the answer to their questions
• Admit your mistakes
• Give your patient support by validating their
  feeling

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• Show confidence in your patient ability to get
  better
• Dont be judgmental
• Be yourself
• Socialize when appropriate
• Encourage the use of leisure
• Reassure them that they are safe

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communication

• Use open ended questions
• Paraphrase
• Body language
• Touch proximity
• Transference( you remind them of someone)?

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Safety issues

• Elopement
• Contrabands
• Room checks

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• Video of diseases
• Play therapy with the sand box