Intelligence

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Intelligence Intelligence Testing

• Module 24

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Intelligence

• the ability to learn from experience, solve
  problems, and use knowledge to adapt to a new
  situation

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Think about this

• Is intelligence one thing or are there multiple
  intelligences?
• If there are multiple intelligences, what
  different types of intelligences might there be?

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Intelligence Virtual Museum

• References (ONLY THESE)
• American Psychological Association
• (http//www.apa.org/)
• Textbook pages 455 - 471

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Howard Gardner

• author of a contemporary theory of multiple
  intelligences
• identified 8 different types

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Gardners Theory of Multiple Intelligence
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Robert Sternberg

• author of a contemporary theory of multiple
  intelligences consisting of
• analytic
• creative
• practical

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Sternbergs Theory of Multiple Intelligences
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Think about this

• Creativity Challenge What are 4 - 8 things you
  can think of that could happen if we suddenly had
  three arms?

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Think about this

• When analyzing your high school experience as a
  whole, do you feel you are receiving a multiple
  intelligences education? (base your answer on
  both Gardner and Sternbergs theories)
• What factors helped you come to your conclusion?

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Daniel Golemans Emotional Intelligence

• ability to perceive, express, understand,
  regulate emotions
• more in touch with own feelings the feelings of
  others

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Think about this

• How might a persons ability to excel in
  emotional intelligence influence his/her
  relationship with others?
• What careers would require a great deal of
  emotional intelligence?

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Charles Spearmans General Intelligence

• noticed that people who excel in one area have a
  tendency to excel in others
• a general intelligence factor (g) underlies
  other, more specific aspects of intelligence

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Intelligence Testing
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Alfred Binet (1857 1911)

• developer of the first test to classify
  childrens abilities using the concept of mental
  age
• based on the assumption that childrens
  intellectual abilities grew every year

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Mental Age

• mental age - chronological age that corresponds
  to the difficulty of the questions a child can
  answer

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Lewis Terman (1877-1956)

• adapted Binets tests for use in the United
  States
• Stanford-Binet intelligence test

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Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

• intelligence reported as a calculated IQ score
• IQ (MA/CA) X 100
• formula has been replaced with modern versions

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Extremes of Intelligence

• a score of 100 is average
• mental retardation is defined by the APA as an IQ
  score of less than 70
• an IQ score of 110-119 is considered bright
  normal
• a score of 120 129 is considered superior
• a score higher than 130 is considered very
  superior

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David Wechsler (1896-1981)

• developed the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (most
  widely used)
• changes
• 3 different tests for different age groups
• separate verbal and performance scores
• subtests and subtest scores

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What makes a test good?
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Reliability

• reliability - gives consistent results
• types of reliability
• test-retest reliability - taking the same test
  and receiving a similar score
• split-half - score on one half of a tests
  questions is similar to the score on the other
• scorer reliability score of the test should be
  similar regardless of who scores it

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Test Validity

• Validity - measures or predicts what it is
  supposed to
• Good indicator of validity - its ability to make
  accurate predictions
• examples ACT/SAT predicting success in the
  first year of college intelligence tests
  predicting school success

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Differences in Intelligence
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Read Group Differences in Intelligence Test
Scores (pages 469 472)

• As a group, answer the following questions
• In the United States, how do African Americans
  intelligence scores compare to white Americans
  intelligence scores?
• What might be the cause for this racial
  difference?
• Does nature or nurture decide a persons
  intelligence? How do we know this?
• How do male and female intelligence scores
  compare?
• Which might be the cause for this gender
  difference?

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End Class Notes Spring 2013
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IQ Questions
For each of the following, calculate the persons
IQ and tell how that score compares to the
average score

• chronological age of 17, mental age of 15
• chronological age of 8, mental age of 6
• chronological age of 20, mental age of 20
• chronological age of 16, mental age of 18

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IQ Answers

1. IQ 88, below average

1. IQ 75, below average

1. IQ 100, average

1. IQ 112, above average

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IQ Job Performance Pre-Q

• Answer the following question on a blank sheet of
  paper
• Do you think a persons IQ is a good predictor of
  their job performance?
• Explain your answer.

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IQ Job Performance Articles

• Read each article and then complete the following
  on the same sheet of paper you used for the
  pre-question
• Identify the authors argument
• Identify the main facts the author uses to
  support his/her argument
• Do you agree with this authors argument? Why or
  why not?

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IQ Job Performance Post-Q

• Answer the following question on the same sheet
  of paper as your pre-q and article questions
• Has your opinion on the IQ job performance
  issue changed at all?
• Why or why not?