Seed Reproduction

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Seed Reproduction

• Chapter 9 Notes

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Seed Reproduction

• Plants need to reproduce to carry on their
  species.
• Plants reproduce due to the movement of pollen
  and seeds.

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Pollen

• Pollen contains the males sperm. It is known as a
  gametophyte. When the pollen reaches female plant
  parts, fertilization occurs.
• After fertilization, seeds form. These seeds are
  the plants offspring.

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Seeds

• The seed contains an embryo, stored food (in the
  cotyledon), and a protective coat.
• Because the seed is so well protected and fed,
  the plant grown from it will grow faster compared
  to spores (seedless reproduction).

Why would the seed want stored food and a
protective coat?
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Two Types of Seed Reproducers

• Angiosperms
• Whats the difference?

• Gymnosperms

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Angiosperm

• Angiosperms produce flowers which are used for
  sexual reproduction.

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Petal
Stigma
Parts of a Flower
Anther
Style
Pistil
Filament
Stamen
Sepals
Ovary
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Angiosperm

• The stamen is the male reproductive organ.
• The pistil, the female reproductive organ,
  contains the ovary at its base.

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Angiosperm

• The appearance of a plants flower can give clues
  about how the plant is pollinated.
• After pollination and fertilization, a zygote
  forms and grows into the plant embryo.
• Parts of the ovule develop into the seed coat and
  store food for the embryo.

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Angiosperm

• Some seeds store food in cotyledons.
• Other seeds store food in endosperm tissue

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Where are seeds found?

• THE FRUIT. Sofruit is like the plants baby.

Fact Fruits have seeds. Vegetables do not. A
true vegetable is usually a root. (potato,
carrots, onion)
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A. Pollination happens when pollen grains from
the anthers land on the sticky stigma of a pistil.
B. The pollen tube grows from the pollen grain
down through the style and into the ovary at the
ovule.
Angiosperm Life Cycle
C. The sperm travels down and fertilizes the egg.
The zygote develops.
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Gymnosperm

• Gymnosperms develop seeds in cones.

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Gymnosperm

• A pine tree or shrub is a sporophyte plant that
  produces male and female cones.
• A female cone has two ovules which produce eggs.
• Male cones produce and release pollen.

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Gymnosperm

• When pollen blows into a female cone,
  fertilization and seed formation can occur.
• Seed released by a female cone can take two or
  three years.

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Gymnosperm
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Seed Dispersal

• Seeds are dispersed by wind, gravity, animals,
  and water. Some seeds have trapped air which
  helps them float.
• Germination occurs when the seed coat swells and
  breaks open.
• Environmental conditions affect germination.

LIFE Plants Video