HAZWOPER 8hr Refresher Course

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HAZWOPER EMERGENCY RESPONSE
International Environmental Technology and
Training Center
Working safely with hazardous materials
Vincent J. Giblin, General President
1293 Airport Road, Beaver, WV 25813 Phone (304)
253-8674 - Fax [phone] E-mail
hazmat_at_iuoeiettc.org
2

• This material was produced under grant number
  46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health
  Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It
  does not necessarily reflect the views or
  policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor
  does mention of trade names, commercial products,
  or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S.
  Government.

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Emergency ResponseAN INTRODUCTION

• Emergencies are a continual possibility at
  hazardous waste sites.
• Work at a new site CANNOT begin until an ER Plan
  is
  in place.

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Emergency ResponseAN INTRODUCTION

• Describing, what does what is CRUCIAL in
  emergency planning.
• After every emergency, normal work can not resume
  until preparation for new emergency is complete.

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Top Ten Reasons Emergency Response Plans Fail.

1. No upper management support.
2. Lack of employee buy-in.
3. Poor or no planning.
4. Lack of training or proper practice.
5. No designated leader.
6. Failure to keep the plan up-to-date.

National Safety Council
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Top Ten Reasons Emergency Response Plans Fail.

1. No method of communication to alert employees.
2. OSHA regulations are not part of the plan.
3. No procedures for shutting down critical
   equipment.
4. Employees are not told what actions to take.

National Safety Council
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What is the employers responsibility for
emergency planning?

• Under the HAZWOPER Standard, every Health and
  Safety Plan must have an Emergency Response
  section.

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What is the employers responsibility for
emergency planning?

• The Emergency Response Plan, (Contingency Plan)
  must
• Be site-specific
• Include Training for all employees

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Exactly what is an emergency?

• Emergency situations
• Minor - a worker with heat stress
• Major - an explosion spreading toxic fumes
  throughout a community.

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Exactly what is an emergency?

• Chemicals, biologic agents, radiation, or
  physical hazards may act separately or together
  to create explosions, fires, spills, toxic
  atmospheres, or other dangerous
  situations.

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Types of Emergencies
Illnesses/Injuries Hazardous Material Environmental Occurrences
Minor accident or illness requiring first aid only. Leakage of hazardous liquid. Hurricane, tornado, severe storm.
Sudden critical illness. Release of toxic vapors. Earthquake
Serious accident involving one or more workers. Fire or explosion. Large excavation collapse.
Chemical Exposure Collapse of containers. Flood
Discovery of radioactive materials.
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What are the required elements of the ER plan?

1. Pre-Emergency Planning
2. Personnel Roles, Lines of Authority, and
   Communication
3. Emergency Recognition/Prevention
4. Emergency Alerting/Response Procedures
5. Notification
6. Evaluation of Situation
7. Rescue/Response Action

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What are the required elements of the ER plan?

1. PPE and Equipment
2. Safe Distances/Places of Refuge
3. Site Security/Control
4. Evacuation Routes/Procedures
5. Decontamination Procedures
6. First Aid/Emergency Medical Treatment
7. Reporting Requirements
8. Critique of Response

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
PRE-EMERGENCY PLANNING

• Consider and decide in advance
• Potential emergencies and how they would impact
  the surrounding area
• How site personnel would relate to responding
  agencies
• How all responders will work together.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
ROLES, LINES OF AUTHORITY, COMMUNICATION

• Clearly spell out
• Chain of command
• Position/authority of every member of chain
• Their roles and responsibilities.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
EMERGENCY RECOGNITION AND PREVENTION

• Workers need to know the warning signs of
  potentially hazardous situations.
• Cover in initial training and periodic briefings.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
EMERGENCY ALERTING/RESPONSE PROCEDURES

• Every employee needs to be familiar with the
  protocol for what to do when they realize that an
  emergency exists.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
NOTIFICATION

• Important to provide information that will aid in
  determining what should be done next.
• Location of occurrence.
• Description of what occurred.
• Whether there are injuries.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
EVALUATION OF SITUATION

• Assists initial responders in determining
• What happened
• What equipment is needed
• Whether there are causalities, injured or missing
  workers
• What could happen next
• What can be done.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
RESCUE/RESPONSE ACTION

• Site-specific plans need to be made so
  responders know what they are to do.
• The more the tactics used are understood/practiced
  , the more efficient the response will be.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
RESCUE/RESPONSE ACTION

• Has its own SOPs.
• These include
• Use the buddy system
• Remain in communication and the Command Post.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements PPE
AND EQUIPTMENT

• Necessary equipment must be kept ready to go at
  all times.
• For example SCBAs must be
• Filled to 90 of their capacity
• Inspected
• Replaced into their storage spaces immediately
  after use.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements SAFE
DISTANCES AND PLACES OF REFUGE

• How far away is far enough away?
• Partially determined during pre-emergency
  planning.
• If on-site refuges are necessary, they should be
  appropriately identified and stocked with the
  necessary supplies.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements SITE
SECURITY AND CONTROL

• It is important to know
• Who is on site during an emergency
• Where they are.
• Check points should be
  set-up to track everyone
  who enters or exits.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
EVACUATION ROUTES AND PROCEDURES

• Plans need to be made/clearly understood for
• Primary/alternate evacuation routes
• At least two routes
• Separated from each other.
• Assembly points.
• Safe distances.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES

• Must be planned so that ill or injured workers
  are taken care of ASAP.
• Local hospitals and emergency medical service
  providers should be made aware of site-specific
  hazards during the planning stages.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
FIRST-AID/EMERGECY MEDICALTREATMENT

• First-Aid Stations
• Should be kept stocked at all times.
• First-aid/CPR training conducted at all times.
• Cooperation with local medical facilities is
  important.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

• Determine who needs to know what happened.
• All federal, state, and local reporting
  requirements must be fulfilled.

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Emergency Response Plan Required Elements
CRITIQUE OF RESPONSE

• When an emergency is over, all involved should
  review the situation in order to
• Change procedures
• Revise the response plan
• Discover and communicate lessons learned.

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Why is it critical for outside agencies to be
involved in ER planning and drills?

• When outside agencies respond, they either take
  charge or site personnel tell them what to do.
• To eliminate confusion, all must understand their
  roles and responsibilities.

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Why is it critical for outside agencies to be
involved in ER planning and drills?

• At Federal facilities, usually site personnel
  retain command.
• At other facilities, unless prior arrangements
  are made, the fire department, state police, or
  other outside responders assume command.

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Why is it critical for outside agencies to be
involved in ER planning and drills?

• Often when there is a sizable fire or multiple
  casualties, more than one fire department
  or other agency will respond.

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Why is employee training/practice critical?

• In order to understand what they are to do in an
  emergency, all employees must
• Receive initial training
• Participate in periodic reviews, practices, and
  drills.

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Why is employee training/practice critical?

• If the Emergency Response Plan is not
  practiced,
  its almost certain to FAIL!

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Why is employee training/practice critical?

• Employees responsible for responding to an
  emergency must be trained for that collateral
  duty.

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Why is employee training/practice critical?

• If a worker's responsibility is to follow the
  appropriate alerting-procedure and evacuate, they
  need to know the route and assembly points.

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HAZWOPER 8-Hour TrainingUpdate Worker on Recent
Developments
Details
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Emergency ResponseUPDATE

• OSHAs Means of Egress Standard.
• Revise working plan in plain English.
• Published in September 1996.
• Slated for final ruling in June 2002.

39

• This material was produced under grant number
  46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health
  Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It
  does not necessarily reflect the views or
  policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor
  does mention of trade names, commercial products,
  or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S.
  Government.

40
END

• This publication was made possible by grant
  numbers 5 U45 ES06182-13 AND 5 U45 ES09763-13
  from the National Institute of Environmental
  Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH. Its contents are
  solely the responsibility of the authors and do
  not necessarily represent the official views of
  the NIEHS, NIH.