Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence Chapter 9, pgs. 218-251

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Resolving Conflicts and Preventing
ViolenceChapter 9, pgs. 218-251
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Conflict

• Any disagreement, struggle or fight
• 1. Internal conflict struggles that take place
  within an individual

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Conflict

• 2. Interpersonal conflicts disagreements
  between groups of any size, from two people to
  entire nations.
• It usually occurs when one partys needs, wishes,
  or beliefs clash with those of another party

• It can also arise out of a misunderstanding, when
  an individual misinterprets another persons
  language, gestures, or sense of humor.

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Causes of Interpersonal Conflicts

• Power struggles a teen and her parent might
  have a conflict over how late she is allowed to
  stay out at night

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Causes of Interpersonal Conflicts

• Personal loyalties a teen might be angry with
  his best friend for taking another persons side
  in an argument.

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Causes of Interpersonal Conflicts

• Jealousy and envy a teen might be upset when
  her friend starts going out with a boy she likes

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Causes of Interpersonal Conflicts

• Property disputes a teen might be angry with
  his brother for borrowing his MP3 player without
  permission.

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Causes of Interpersonal Conflicts

• Conflicting attitudes and values two friends
  might have an argument because one wants to hang
  out only with the cool crowd, while the other
  wants to be friendly to everyone.

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Causes of Interpersonal Conflicts

• Lack of respect a teen might be rude to a
  classmate because of a prejudice against that
  students ethnic group.

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Conflict Resolution

• The process of ending a conflict by cooperating
  and problem-solving together.
• Respect people who respect others are more
  likely to listen with an open mind, consider the
  other persons views and feelings, and honor the
  basic values of the individual.

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Conflict Resolution

• Rights having respect for others also means not
  violating other peoples basic rights. People
  need to remember that no one owns anyone else.
• Responsibility You need to take responsibility
  for your actions, do not just blame the other
  person.

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The Negotiation Process

• Negotiation is the use of communication and, in
  many cases, compromise to settle a disagreement.
• The negotiation process involves talking,
  listening, considering the other partys point
  of view.

• Mutual respect is an important factor in
  successful negotiation.

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The Negotiation Process

• The negotiation process includes
• a. Take time to calm down and think over the
  situation.
• b. Let each party take turns explaining its side
  of the conflict, without interruption. Apply good
  communication skills, such as active listening
  and using I messages.

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The Negotiation Process

• c. If necessary, ask for clarification to make
  sure that each party understands the others
  position.
• d. Brainstorm solutions to the conflict.
• e. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of
  each solution.

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The Negotiation Process

• f. Agree on a solution that is acceptable to both
  sides. The ideal outcome will be a win-win
  solution. If that is not possible, the two
  parties may need to compromise.
• e. Follow up to see whether the solution has
  worked for each party.

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The Mediation Process

• When two parties cannot reach a solution through
  negotiation, they may consider mediation.
• Mediation is bringing in a neutral third party to
  help others resolve their conflict peacefully

• Peer mediation is a process in which specially
  trained students help other students resolve
  conflicts peacefully.

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The Mediation Process

• Effective mediation depends on these basic
  principles
• Neutrality the mediator must always be an
  outsider who has no stake in the dispute. The
  mediation sessions should also take place in a
  neutral location.

• Confidentiality respecting the privacy of both
  parties and keeping details secret.
• Well-defined ground rules Both parties must
  agree to the rules set by the mediator.

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The Mediation Process

• In a typical mediation, each party gets a chance
  to present its side of the argument.
• The mediator then summarizes the points made by
  each side and leads a discussion between the two
  parties.

• The mediator does not make judgments or impose
  solutions. Instead, the solutions must come from
  the two parties.
• However, the mediator can help them see the
  advantages and disadvantages of certain ideas.

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Understanding Violence

• Violence is the threatened or actual use of
  physical force to harm another person or to
  damage property.
• Some acts of violence result from interpersonal
  conflicts that escalate out of control.

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Causes of Violence

• Uncontrolled anger or frustration.
• A need to control others.
• Hatred or prejudice against a particular group.
• Retaliation or revenge for some past harm,
  whether real or perceived.
• Alcohol and drug use.

• Mental emotional problems.
• Availability of weapons.
• Violence in the media.
• Gang violence.

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Types of Violence

• Assault an unlawful physical attack or threat
  of an attack.
• Can range from minor threats to attacks that
  cause life-threatening injuries.
• Each year, more than 4 million assaults take
  place in the United States.

• Roughly half of all assaults occur between people
  who know each other.

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Types of Violence

• 2. Homicide the willful killing of one human
  being by another.
• If the victim of an assault dies, the crime
  becomes a homicide.

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Types of Violence

• 3. Sexual Violence Any form of unwelcome sexual
  contact directed at an individual.
• Sexual assault any intentional sexual attack
  against another person.
• More than 60,000 sexual assaults take place in
  the U.S. each year

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Types of Violence

• b. Rape - any form of sexual intercourse that
  takes place against a persons will.
• More than 300,000 females and nearly 93,000 males
  are raped each year.
• Rape is one of the crimes least likely to be
  reported to police.

• Survivors of rape may be unwilling to report the
  crime because of shame or fear.

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Types of Violence

• 4. Hate Crimes any crime motivated chiefly by
  hatred of or prejudice against a particular
  group.
• People may be targeted because of their race,
  religion, culture, sexual orientation, or other
  difference.

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Types of Violence

• a. Harassment may include racial slurs,
  stalking, or attempts to exclude a targeted group
  from community life.
• b. Vandalism Perpetrators may use offensive
  messages or symbols to deface buildings.

• c. Arson Criminals may blow up or set fire to
  buildings.
• d. Assault homicide Criminals may physically
  attack or even kill members of the targeted group.

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Preventing OvercomingRelationship Abuse

• Abuse is the physical, mental, emotional, or
  sexual mistreatment of one person by another.
• A dating relationship may be abusive if one
  partner
• Tries to pressure the other into sexual activity.
• Tries to make the relationship serious or
  exclusive right away.

• Acts jealous or possessive.
• Tries to control the others behavior.
• Yells, swears, or otherwise emotionally attacks
  the other.
• Threatens the other with physical violence.

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Forms of Abuse

• 1. Physical Abuse a pattern of causing bodily
  harm or injury to another person.

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Forms of Abuse

• 2. Emotional Abuse a pattern of attacking
  another persons emotional development and sense
  of worth.
• One form of emotional abuse is verbal abuse, the
  use of words to mistreat or injure another person.

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Forms of Abuse

• 3. Sexual Abuse a pattern of sexual contact
  that is forced upon a person against the persons
  will.
• 4. Stalking repeatedly following, harassing, or
  threatening an individual.

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Date Rape

• Date rape occurs when one person in a dating
  relationship forces the other person to take part
  in sexual intercourse.
• This is one of the most common forms of rape.
• More than 40 of female victims and more than 10
  of male victims are romantically involved with
  their attacker

• In acquaintance rapes, the attacker is someone
  the victim knows casually or considers a friend.
• Alcohol often plays a role in date rapes.
• Some rapists use drugs to subdue their victims
  (Rohypnol, GHB, and Ketamine)

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Avoiding Date Rape

• Specific strategies for avoiding date rape
  include
• Avoid being alone with a dating partner you dont
  trust or know well, or with anyone who makes you
  feel uneasy.
• Avoid alcohol drugs. Stay sober aware of
  whats going on around you.

• Be clear of your sexual limits with dating
  partners.
• Always get your own beverage at parties, and
  never leave it uncovered or unattended. Dont
  drink anything that smells or tastes strange.

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Avoiding Date Rape

• Make sure you have a way to get home.
• If you start to feel dizzy, disorientated, or
  otherwise unwell, tell someone you trust and ask
  for help getting home.