Genitourinary - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

About This Presentation
Title:

Genitourinary

Description:

Chapter 12 -1 Genitourinary Reproductive & Urinary System PENIS Erectile tissue encased in a _____ capsule. GLANS PENIS terminal end of the penis. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:124
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 37
Provided by: Dipa4
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Genitourinary


1
Chapter 12 -1
  • Genitourinary
  • Reproductive Urinary System

2
ROOT
  • Cervico- cervix (cervicitis)
  • Mamma. Mammo, Masto- mammary gland (mastectomy)
  • Phallo- penis (phallopexy)
  • Balano- glans penis or glans clitoridis
    (balanitis)
  • Colpo- vagina (colpospasm)
  • Episio- vulva (episiotomy)
  • Hystero, Metra, Metro- uterus (metrocele)

3
ROOT
  • Cysto- Bladder (cystocentesis)
  • Nephro, Reni, Reno- kidney (nephralgia)
  • Oophoro, Ovario- ovary (ovariorrhexis)
  • Orchio, Orchido- testes (orchidectomy)
  • Pyelo- renal pelvis (pyelopathy)
  • Uretero- ureter (ureterolith)
  • Urethro- uretra (urethrorrhea)

4
URINARY SYSTEM
  • ______ and _________waste
  • 2 kidneys filters blood -gt urine
  • 2 ureters
  • Bladder
  • Urethra

5
KIDNEY
  • KIDNEYS (roots nephr, ren, pyel)
  • Paired and bean shaped
  • Located on both sides of the vertebral column,
    beneath/behind the parietal peritoneum___________
    ____________
  • Fixed by renal fasciae and fat

6
KIDNEY
  • Dark reddish/brown
  • (cat yellowish red)

7
(No Transcript)
8
KIDNEY - FUNCTION
  • Synthesize ___________ and control rate of
    secretion
  • Maintain pH of blood (Neutralizes)
  • Filter blood, waste products from metabolism,
    which is then excreted in the urine
  • ________________ from the breakdown of proteins,
    toxic substances, mineral salts, excess glucose
    and water

9
KIDNEY - STRUCTURE
  • Concave medial surface is called the __________
    (entrance for blood vessels, nerves, and ureter)
  • Surrounded by a capsule
  • The outer portion is called the_________, inner
    portion is the_____________

10
The MEDULLA is made of MEDULLARY PYRAMIDS. The
PAPILLA of the pyramids lead into the calyces.
  • RENAL PELVIS is a funnel-shaped reservoir made up
    of CALYCES which are sacs
  • that collect urine that lead to the ureter
  • NOT IN _____________________ (Calyces -gt ureter)

Between the medullary pyramids are extensions of
the cortex called RENAL COLUMNS
11
KIDNEY - NEPHRON
  • Functional unit of the kidney is the NEPHRON
  • (there are 1 million in each kidney)
  • The 2 main structures of the nephron are the
  • _________________ and the__________________
  • The corpuscle contains BOWMANS CAPSULE -gt
  • surrounds a round channel of capillaries
    collectively called the__________________
  • The capillaries are fed by arterioles.

12
KIDNEY - NEPHRON
  • TUBULES
  • PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE,
  • DESCENDING LIMB OF THE LOOP OF HENLE,
  • ASCENDING LIMB OF THE LOOP OF HENLEY,
  • DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE, and
  • COLLECTING TUBULE.
  • The collecting tubules lead into the
    papilla,which brings urine to the calyces.

13
KIDNEY
  • As blood passes into the glomerular capillaries,
    waste products pass through the capillaries into
    the tubules. The tubules can secrete substances
    back into the blood that are needed by the body.
  • Blood pressure affects the speed at which blood
    filters through the kidney
  • Shock -gt decrease BP -gt _______________ blood
    filtration (stop kidney function)
  • High systemic pressure -gt ________________ damage

14
URETER
  • Each kidney has one that extends from the
  • renal pelvis to the bladder (2 ureters total).
  • The place where the ureters enter the bladder is
    the________________ . The enter at an angle, or
    obliquely, and open and close as urine pulsates
    in, keeping the urine flowing in one direction
    toward the bladder.
  • Urine enters the bladder every 10 to 30 seconds
    in spurts that begin as __________________ waves
    in the renal pelvis.

15
URETER
  • The walls of the ureters are made up of an outer
    fibrous tissue layer, two central layers of
    smooth muscle and a mucous membrane lining.

16
BLADDER
  • FUNCTION ____________ for urine, excretes urine
    into urethra
  • STRUCTURE elastic, musculomembranous sac that
    lies in the pelvis 3 layers of smooth m.
  • Size changes with the amount of urine that it
    contains
  • Opens into the urethra at the_________. The neck
    contains a sphincter muscle that controls urine
    flow.
  • __________________ voiding of urine

17
(No Transcript)
18
URETHRA
  • Tubular canal that carries urine from the bladder
    to exit the body. In males, it also carries
    reproductive organ secretions.

____________________________ opening btw
vagina and clitoris in female and also present
in males
19
Canine Urolithiasis
  • Narrower in males, making
  • them more prone to
  • blockages from UROLITHIASIS.
  • 3 sections in males
  • Prostactic
  • Membranous
  • Cavernous

20
URINE
  • Usually pale amber in color.
  • Horses, hamsters, rabbits have
  • cloudy urine that has a basic pH.
  • ____________ water, the rest is waste products
  • Urinary output amount varies with species,
    temperature, water intake, work of the animal
  • Carnivores acidic urine

21
MALE REPRODUCTIVE
  • Male gonads__________________________
  • Accessory structures
  • Ducts
  • Glands
  • Supporting structures
  • Ducts epididymides,____________________
    ejaculatory ducts urethra
  • Accessory sex glands___________________,
    prostate, bulbourethral (Cowpers)

22
MALE REPRODUCTIVE GLAND
  • GONADS TESTES (testicles)
  • Egg-shaped glands normally located in
  • the sac-like
  • SCROTUM
  • FUNCTION _____________________and
  • secrete TESTOSTERONE

23
  • TUNICA ALBUGINEA capsule (fibrous) that
    surrounds each testicle
  • SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES tube-like structures coiled
    in the TESTICLE that produce sperm
  • Interstitial cells cells of LEYDIG
    ___________________________

24
MALE REPRODUCTIVE
  • TESTOSTERONE
  • hormone that induces and maintains
    ________________ characteristics
  • Influences ____________________________growth
    (massive head and shoulders, crest of withers,
    tusks on boars and horns on rams)
  • fluid and electrolyte metabolism as well
  • Excitatory effect on the kidney tubule and
    suppresses anterior pituitary secretions
  • CASTRATION surgical removal of the testicles.
    Doing so in meat-producing animals after sexual
    maturity allows the fat content of the meat to
    increase

25
Female
Male
26
  • SPERMATIC CORD
  • encases the__________________
  • Contains blood vessels, vas deferens, nerves and
    lymph vessels

27
(No Transcript)
28
EPIDIDYMIS- tightly coiled, tube-like structure
that borders the testicle and acts as a place for
sperm to mature, a place for sperm storage, and
secretes a small portion of semen.
VAS DEFERENS- tubes that continue from the tail
of the epididymis up through the inguinal canal
to the ejaculatory duct, where it meets up with
the seminal vesicles
29
ACCESSORY ORGANS
  •  ACCESSORY SEX GLANDS
  • SEMINAL VESICLES
  • PROSTATE
  • BULBOURTHRAL GLANDS
  • EJACULATORY DUCTS-
  • Tubes that join the vas deferens with the seminal
    vesicles.
  • Passes through the _______________ gland.

30
(No Transcript)
31
ACCESSORY GLANDS
  • SEMINAL VESICLES 2 twisted pouches lying on the
    dorsal and caudal surfaces of the bladder.
    Secrete the mucoid, liquid portion of the semen.
  •  PROSTATE GLAND secretes viscous substance
    (alkaline) that is the majority of seminal fluid.
    Surrounds the pelvic urethra.
  •  BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS/COWPERS GLANDS located
    caudal to seminal vesicles, and lie on each side
    of the pelvic urethra. Produce seminal fluid.
  • Large in boars
  • ________________ dont have this

32
Accessory Glands
33
SCROTUM
  • Pendulous, sac-like structure that
  • houses the testicles in the inguinal
  • region, however located more
  • ventral to the anus
  • Less pendulous in the ________, _____________,
    ________________.
  • Separated into 2 sacs via the scrotal septum.
  • Maintains testicles at their proper temperature.

34
PENIS
  • Erectile tissue encased in a ________________
    capsule.
  • GLANS PENIS terminal end of the penis. Provides
    stimulation.
  • Variations among species cranial end of
    stallions has a bulge
  • Ram has a protrusion of the urethra past the
    glans
  • Bull and ram have a helmet shaped glans
  • Boar lacks a glans and ends in a corkscrew
    shaped
  • Dog has a bulbus structure that surrounds a bone
    in the penis called the_______________________.

35
PENIS
36
PENIS
  • ERECTION dog and stallion have penises that
    contain mostly erectile tissue with little
    connective tissue. This allows an erection to be
    achieved via blood engorgement.
  • The bull, ram, and boar have very little erectile
    tissue, with mainly connective tissue. An
    erection is achieved when the ____________________
    _ is straightened due to high pressure within the
    urethra when it fills with seminal fluid.
  •  URETHRA runs through the penis and carries both
    reproductive secretions and urine out of the
    body.
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com