Propaganda

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Propaganda
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Propaganda

• Messages aimed at influencing the opinions or
  behaviors of large numbers of people.
• Often presents facts selectively .
• Gives loaded messages in order to produce an
  emotional response.

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Types of Propaganda

• Propaganda can be seen in public information
  campaigns by governments, which are intended to
  encourage or discourage certain forms of behavior
  (such as wearing seat belts, not smoking, not
  littering and so forth).
• Propaganda can take the form of pamphlets,
  posters, radio, TV shows, etc.
• Propaganda is a powerful weapon in war it is
  used to dehumanize and create hatred toward an
  enemy. This can be done by using hateful or
  racist terms or by blaming societys problems on
  certain groups of people.

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Propaganda Techniques

• Ad hominem attacking your opponent, as opposed
  to attacking their arguments.
• Ad nauseam Using repetition of an idea or a
  simple slogan if it is repeated enough times, it
  may be taken as the truth.
• Ex Napoleon is always right. (Animal Farm)
• Appeal to authority Using important people to
  support a position, idea, argument, or course of
  action.
• Ex Our leader, Comrade Napoleonhas stated
  categoricallythat Snowball was Jones agent from
  the beginning. (Animal Farm)
• Appeal to fear seeks to build support by
  creating fear and panic in the general
  population.
• Ex Do you know what would happen if we pigs
  failed in our duty to eat the apples? Jones
  would come back! (AF)

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Techniques (contd)

• Appeal to prejudice Making people think that
  believing a certain idea is morally good and
  not believing it is morally bad.
• Bandwagon persuading people to join in and take
  the course of action that "everyone else is
  taking.
• Black-and-white fallacy Presenting only two
  choices, with one idea being highlighted as the
  better choice. "You are either with us, or you
  are with the enemy")
• Ex Four legs good, two legs bad. (Animal Farm)
• Beautiful people uses famous or attractive,
  happy people. This makes other people think that
  if they buy a product, they too will be happy or
  successful. (This is more used in advertising for
  products, instead of political reasons)

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Techniques (contd)

• Big Lie Descriptions of events that have
  elements of truth, but twist the big picture.
  Eventually, this story replaces the real story.
• Demonizing the enemy Making individuals from
  another nation, ethnic group, or those who
  support another viewpoint appear to be subhuman,
  worthless, or immoral (ex false accusations and
  stereotyping)
• Direct Order simplifies the decision-making
  process by using images and words to tell the
  audience exactly what to do.
• Ex That is my message to you, Comrades.
  Rebellion! (AF)
• Vote for me!

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Techniques (contd)

• Euphoria the use of an event that generates
  happiness or boosts morale.
• Half-truth deceptive statement which includes
  only some elements of truth.
• Ex The whole management and organization of
  this farm depend on us. (AF)
• Reductio ad Hitlerum used to persuade people to
  disapprove of an action/idea by suggesting that
  the idea is only popular with hated or feared
  groups of people.
• Euphemism use of politically correct terms as
  a means of softening an idea or claim. (e.g.
  instead of He died, use He passed away.)

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Technique (contd)

• Scapegoating Blaming an individual or group for
  societys problems.
• Ex Do you know the enemy who has come at night
  and overthrown our windmill? SNOWBALL! (AF)
• Slogans A simple, brief, and striking phrase
  that may include labeling and stereotyping.
• Ex Just do it. or Im lovin it.
• Doublespeak any language deliberately
  constructed to disguise or distort its actual
  meaning, often by using euphemism or unclear
  statements. (Saying Its not you, its me
  instead of saying I dont like you anymore)

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Name that Technique!

• The next few slides will have examples of
  propaganda.
• Identify the technique of propaganda being used.
• PADEM
• Purpose
• Audience
• Design
• Emotion/Mood
• Message

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Name that Technique!
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If you dont want the old yoke back, join the
ranks of the Communists.
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Name that Technique!
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Glory to Stalin the Great Architect of
Communism!
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For the Socialist motherland, for the happy life,
votes (having full rights) the Soviet woman!
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Name that Technique!
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Name that technique!
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Name that technique!
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Name that technique!
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Name that technique!
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Comrade Lenin cleans the Earth of
scum November 1920
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Name that Technique!
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Name that technique!
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Name that technique!
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Name that technique!