PROPAGANDA

1
PROPAGANDA

• DEFINITIONS REVISITED
• GROUP PROJECT

2
Jowett and ODonnell Definition

• Propaganda is
• the deliberate, systematic attempt
• to shape perceptions, manipulate cognitions, and
  direct behavior
• to achieve a response that furthers the desired
  intent of the propagandist

3
deliberate systematic attempt

• Propaganda has a purpose is preoccupied and
  concerned with effectiveness. Goebbels We do
  not talk to say something, but to obtain certain
  effect.
• Thus, it needs to be systematic methodical,
  carrying out something with organized regularity,
  precise, well-planned

4
to shape perceptions, manipulate cognitions, and
direct behavior

• Tries to look like informative communication and
  persuasion
• Tries to control information flow
• Ultimate object of propaganda is behavior change

5
to achieve a response that furthers the intent of
the propagandist

• Well-being of the audience is not a primary
  concern.
• Does not seek mutual understanding or mutual
  fulfillment of needs.
• (often) Conceals true purpose
• (often) Conceals propagandists true identity

6
The source (usually concealed)

• White (identified, information tends to be
  accurate, but biased)
•  Black (unindentified/misindentified and false)
•  Gray

7
The Methods (the means)

• Concealed Purpose
• Manufacturing / distorting / withholding
  information
• Deliberate Lies / Disinformation
• The Suppression of Truth
• The Slanting of News
• communicating information at predetermined times
  / to selective audiences

8
Propaganda Example / Group Project

• Identification of the Propagandist
• Usually an institution or organization.
• What type? Who are the leaders? Who are the
  members?
• Does the propagandist conceal identity?

9
Propaganda Example / Group Project

• The Context and Purpose of the Propaganda
  Campaign
• What the propagandist wants to accomplish?
• Explain the beliefs / values / behavior targeted
  by the propagandist

10
Propaganda Example / Group Project

• The Target Audience
• How is the target audience identified and reached?

11
Propaganda Example / Group Project

• Media Utilization Techniques Which media? One
  dominant or a combination of many?
• Types of Techniques
• Source Credibility
• Reward and Punishment
• Arousal of Emotions Visual Symbols, Language,
  Music

12
Daisy Ad 1964

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vExjDzDsgbww
• Propagandist President Johnson
• Context War in Vietnam / Cold war
• Target American Public, families, young people
• Media Television national ad
• Methods appeal to family life, love for
  children, fear arousal of emotions

13
Morning in America Ad 84

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vEU-IBF8nwSYfeature
  related
• Propagandist President Reagan
• Context National Prosperity / Peace
• Target American Public, families, young people
• Media Television national ad
• Methods credibility of the source appeal to
  continuity, family life arousal of emotions

14
Swiftboats Veterans Ad 04

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vngjUkPbGwAgfeature
  related
• Propagandist Swiftboats veterans
• Context Leadership / Trust / Presidency
• Target American public independents military
  families older Americans
• Media Television national ad
• Methods credibility of the source appeal to
  patriotism arousal of emotions

15
Russian Propaganda in CrimeaMarch 2014
16
Rebranding the revolutionAppeal to fear Fascism

• A constant theme spouting from Russian sources
  has been the Ukrainian revolutions alliance with
  fascists a vague word thats become a
  catchall for anti-Semites, terrorists,
  insurgents, anarchists and thugs.
• Fear (Fascists are coming for your family!) and
  confusion (Fascists? Are there fascists? Whats
  a fascist?) matters much more in propaganda than
  truth (not so many fascists).
• It doesnt have to make sense in fact its
  better if it doesnt.

17
Rebranding the revolutionAppeal to fear the
West

• Putin has insisted that Yanukovychs ouster was
  not just illegal but a coup, and he has pointed
  fingers at the west for orchestrating and backing
  the culprits.
• Considering Russias control over media, this
  alternate version of events it wasnt a
  revolution, but a coup is not only not absurd,
  but a direct appeal to skepticism toward the west
  and its history of meddling.