Title: Chapter 9 The Glory of Ancient Rome
1Chapter 9 The Glory of Ancient Rome
- Make sure you know your vocabulary it is on your
test.
2Roman Daily Life
- Rome had the most beautiful monuments and public
buildings in the world. - Wealth and goods flowed freely to all parts of
the empire. - Merchants made their living from tourists who
visited the city.
3Census
Rome took a census every 5 years
Censuscount
4Roman Citizens
- To be a Roman citizen was a matter of great
pride. - Guess who were not considered as citizens?
children
women
slaves
5Roman Citizens
Only Free Adult Males.
6Roman Social Classes
- Rome had 2 social classes
Wealthy citizens
Lower class poor people
7Rags to Riches??
- The poor lived in poorly built houses or
multi-story apartment buildings. - They did not have running water nor plumbing.
- The wealthy lived in villas and enjoyed feasts
with game or boar. - They would have entertainment including dancers,
performers and musicians.
8Lets Eat at a Roman Feast!!
9Bread and Circus
- To prevent the poor from rioting, the government
gave them free grain and provided circus
entertainment in the Colosseum.
10Bread and Circus
circuses
- The Roman Government gave
grain
11Gladiators
Gladiators fought to the death. Most gladiators
were slaves, condemned criminals or prisoners or
war. All were forced to fight in bloody contests
of strength.
12Hail Caesar! We who are about to die salute you.
What happens if Caesar goes thumbs up? Thumbs
down?
13Roman Life
- Despite the appeal of brutal combat and
executions for entertainment, the Romans valued
family life. - (I did not say the rulers did, but the people of
Rome did. ) - The Roman government provided family support.
14Help is on the Way!
- The Roman Government provided support to the
upper classes. These measures were designed to
encourage the upper classes to increase the size
of their families and to continue their family
names.
15Help is on the Way!
- For families with 3 or more.
- You get free land
16Head of the Household
- The head of the household was the paterfamilias
(pay tur - fuh MIL ee us).
- The family included everything and everyone in
the home under the head of the household.
slaves
17Roles of Women in Rome
- A womans place in the household depended on what
kind of marriage she had. - Sometimes she would leave the family and join her
husbands family.
18Roles of Women in Rome
- Some women shaped roles for themselves outside
the family. - Some women became doctors and worked in medicine,
while others engaged in trade. - The women of the lower class were usually cooks,
dressmakers, and hairdressers.
19Slavery in Rome
- Slavery was common in Rome.
- Even poor families might employ slaves.
- Slaves had almost no rights, but a few rose to
important positions in households of wealthy
families. - Some slaves were able to save money and buy their
freedom.
20Christianity and the Roman Empire
- During the rule of Augustus, Rome increased its
control over Judea, the region that once had been
known as Canaan. Here we will be focusing on the
rise of a new religion, called Christianity. - Christianity was just one of the religions in the
Roman Empire. The Romans were tolerant of toward
the people in these lands as well as they showed
their loyalty to the Roman Emperor and their
gods.
21Sermon on the Mount
- In the book of Matthew 5 1-10 reveals what
Christianity was all about. - Look on page 259 in the new book and lets
review. - The speaker is Jesus and he is telling his
followers what they have to look forward to when
you trust in Jesus and do the will of His Father.
22Sermon continued
- Blessed are the poor in spirit for theirs is the
kingdom of heaven. - Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be
comforted. - Blessed are the lowly, for they shall inherit the
earth. - Blessed are those who hunger and thirst fr what
is right, for they will be satisfied.
23Sermon continued
- Blessed are the merciful, for they shall be
treated with mercy. - Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see
God. - Blessed are those who are persecuted in the cause
of right, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
24Sermon continued
- Jesus taught that God would provide everlasting
life for those who followed Jesus teachings.
25Unrest in Judaea
- The Romans conquered the Jewish homeland of
Judaea. - The Romans allowed the Jews to practice their
faith, then as opposition grew to the Romans, the
Romans struck back with harsh rules.
26Christianity and the Roman Empire
- As a result of the Roman rule, many Jews became
resentful and believed a messiah or savior would
come to bring justice and freedom to the land. - In 37 B.C. the Roman senate appointed a new ruler
of Judaea named Herod- it was during this time
that Jesus was born in Bethlehem.
27Jesus
- The story of his birth is told in a collection of
books called the New Testament- the Hebrew Bible.
- Complete the map work on page 247 from your old
textbook. - In the book of Luke- it states that an order from
Augustus decreed that a census be taken
throughout the entire empire.
28Jesus
- Remember, a census required that all men, and
their households, had to return where they were
born so they could be counted. So a man named
Joseph and his wife Mary went to Bethlehem- a
small town south of Jerusalem- where Mary gave
birth to a son- Jesus. Growing up Jesus and his
family lived in Nazareth where Joseph was a
carpenter.
29Jesus
- While living in Nazareth, Jesus grew in stature
and favor with men. He astounded people with his
knowledge of the scriptures and of God. From the
age of 30, Jesus spent his time preaching,
teaching, and healing the sick. Many believed
that he was the Messiah, a special leader to be
sent from God in order to guide the Jewish people
and set up an earthly kingdom.
30Jesus
- Like all Jewish teachers, Jesus taught there is
one true God and that God was a loving and
forgiving God and we are to love and worship him
with all our hearts. However, Jesus promised that
people who followed the steps to salvation- hear,
believe, repent, baptism, and live a faithful
life- will have an everlasting life.
31The Gospels
- Years after the death of Jesus, the disciples or
followers of Christ wrote stories about his
teachings. - Four stories of Jesus life were written in the 4
Gospels Matthew, Mark, Luke and John.
32Roman Fears
Roman Guards and an Emperor. (Rein actors)
- Some people complained to the Romans that Jesus
taught that God was greater than the emperor. - The Romans feared a revolt and eventually decided
to have Jesus put to death by being crucified.
33Jesus
- Jesus spoke of a heavenly kingdom in which He
would rule His kingdom (the church). The Romans
would arrest, try, and crucify Jesus. Crucifixion
means putting to death by hanging form a cross.
- The Romans thought Jesus was going to have a
physical kingdom and liberate all the Jews living
under Roman rule.
34Jesusthe teachings of
- Jesus often used parables- simple stories- that
contained a message or truth. - Read the excerpt Many Voices/Primary Source on
page 248 from the book of Luke and explain the
meaning of love that Jesus speaks of. How does
this relate to us today?
35Jesus
- Jesus chose 12 men to help Him spread His word.
Do you know what they were called? The Bible
says they came from all walks of life. One named
Peter was a fisherman. Do you know anymore about
the others? Matthew 10 2-4 has a list of their
names. Before Jesus, these men had little in
common however, they became united in the work
of Jesus.
36Christos
- Many educated people of Jesus time spoke Greek.
- The Greek word for messiah was Christos.
- After Jesus death his followers began to call
themselves Christians.
- Who was Saul? (Paul)
- Paul persuaded Jesus followers to teach the
Greeks and Romans as well as the Jews.
37Jesus
38Ways of Worship
- Christians practiced the rites of
Baptism
Lord's Supper
39Ways of Worship
40 A.D. 64
- In A.D. 64 a fire started in Rome and burned the
city for 9 days. Rumor had it the Christians
started the fire - This illustration was to show Neros father who
died in the blaze
41Revenge on the Christians
- Nero ordered the arrest, and killing of
Christians. This persecution lasted for another
250years.
42Section 3
- Fall of Rome
- Read pages 270-276
- Make sure you draw the time line on page 271 it
has at least 3 test questions on it. Please leave
space for us to write additional notes in class. ?
43Discussion Question
- What problems led to the fall of the Roman
Empire? Provide at least three examples. - Reread The Empire Crumbles pgs. 272-273.
- Your answer should come from these paragraphs
Size of the Empire, Serious Economic Problems,
and Efforts to stop the Decline all on page 273.
44Constantine
- Constantine was a Roman emperor from 312-337 A.D.
He strongly encouraged the spread of
Christianity. - We will look at his battles where he was
victorious and how he handled the division of the
Roman Empire.
45From Good to Bad
- After the death of Marcus Aurelius, his son
Commodus became the next emperor. - Lets create a story web about Commodus.
Bribed the army to support him.
Commodus
Was not a good leader.
Did not work with the Senate- tried to mess it up.
Was assassinated in 192
46The Empire Crumbles
- Historians do not agree on any ONE cause for the
decline of Rome but SEVERAL PROBLEMS led to the
downfall of Rome.
47Weak Corrupt Rulers
- After Commodus, the emperors were corrupt. Many
were successful generals and not politicians. - The generals would steal money for themselves and
bribe their army to keep them in power.
48Reasons for the Decline of Rome
- Rome was much too large to rule.
- Enemies began to attack Rome.
- The Romans called these people Barbarians.
- Romes sources of wealth declined when the empire
did not continue to grow. - Rome had to pay its army and had no money.
- To raise money the government collected even more
taxes.
49Woe is me
- Food was scarce so its prices went
The government produced more and more coins. The
coins were not valued as much because there was
not much silver in them. So the coins were
actually worth
We just described inflation.
Less
50Trying to stop the decline
- Emperors tried to stop the decline of Rome, but
were unsuccessful. - Enlarge the army, built new forts at the borders,
improve the tax system and
Divide the Empire
Romes Decline
51A Divided Empire
52Rulers of the Roman Empire
Constantine
Licinius
Maximinus
53Licinius
Constantine
Now Rome no longer persecuted Christians. Christia
nity became the official religion of the empire.
He continued to persecute Christians. He battled
Constantine numerous times and lost control of
the
54New Rome
- In 330 Constantine won control of the Eastern
Roman Empire and moved the Capital to the city of
Byzantium, in modern-day Turkey. - Constantine renamed the city to Constantinople
which means the city of Constantine.
55Constantinople
- Constantinople was firmly in place as the new
capital of the Roman Empire.
Byzantium aka Constantinople
Rome
56Rome ends with
- The last emperor was named ROMULUS Augustus.
- Germanic tribes continued to invade Rome. The
Romans called these people Barbarians. - The Eastern Roman Empire lasted for 1000 years
after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.