READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS

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READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS

• UHB 1412
• DR. TINA ABDULLAH

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Reading Comprehension Skills

• Skills Needed To Increase Comprehension
• Finding Main Ideas
• Guessing Meaning of Unfamiliar Words from Context
• Understanding Interpreting Reference Words
• Looking for Key Words Transitional Markers
• Making Inferences Drawing Conclusion

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Finding Main Ideas

• MAIN IDEA introduces the main or general
  message of what the paragraph intends to convey
  /describe / explain
• 1 Paragraph
• 1 Topic Sentence
• 1 Main Idea

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Guessing Meaning of Unfamiliar Words from
Context

• Definition-is/known/means/refer to
• Restatement-or/in other/words/that is
• Examples-such as/like/including
• Similarity-the same as/ just as/ like
• Contrast-but/whereas/nevertheless/yet
• Surrounding Words

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Guessing Meaning of Unfamiliar Words from Context

• Guessing meaning of unfamiliar words
• Word Analysis Contextual Clues
• Prefixes Stems Meaning of Grammar
• Suffixes other Words in
• the Sentence Punctuation

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Word Analysis

• Stem
• A stem is a word in its first and simplest form.
  A word may be built up or have its meaning
  changed by an addition at either end.

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Word Analysis

• Prefixes
• A prefix is a word part added to the beginning
  of a word. The prefix usually changes the meaning
  of the stem words

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Word Analysis

• Example of Prefixes
• mono alone, one
• A monopoly occurs when one person or group
  assumes an unfair amount of control over others.
• sub under, below
• Subzero temperatures are common during winter.
• mis badly, wrong
• The company went bankrupt because it was
  mismanaged.
• anti against
• Throwing litter all over the place is an
  antisocial attitude.

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Word Analysis

• Suffixes
• A suffix is a word part added to the end of a
  word. Usually, the addition of suffix affects the
  form of the word, rather than the meaning.

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Word Analysis

• Example of Suffixes
• Stem improve(verb)
• He wanted to improve his grades, so he began to
  study more.
• Stem suffix improvement (noun)
• As he saw the improvement in his grades, he
  began to study more.

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Word Analysis

• Example of Suffixes
• Stem hard (adjective)
• When she was a little girl, her family went
  through poverty and hard times.
• Stem suffix hardship (noun)
• She never forgot the poverty and hardship her
  family went through when she was a little girl.

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Word Analysis

• Example of Suffixes
• Stem mystery (noun)
• The dream in which he saw a stranger in a dark
  robe standing by a lake remains a mystery to him.
• Stem suffix mysterious (adjective)
• He had a dream in which he saw a mysterious
  stranger in a dark robe standing by a lake.

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Understanding Interpreting Reference Words

• Reference Words words that replace other
  words
• Types of Reference Words
• Anaphoric References - ideas mention earlier
• Cataphoric References - ideas expressed later
• Singular or Plural PRONOUN when referring to NOUN

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Looking for Key Words Transitional Markers

• Key Words words in the text that are
  directly associated to the information that we
  would like to find or words that gives readers a
  clue to what the passage is all about.
• Transitional Markers words that are used
  to link ideas

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Making Inferences Drawing Conclusion

• Making Inferences forming an opinion after
  considering all the information put forward in
  the reading text
• Steps in making inferences drawing conclusion
• Get the facts right look for clues,
  relationships
• Ask ourselves what we already know
• Associate facts and known ideas to draw conclusion