Greek Warfare

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Greek Warfare
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Review Early People of the Aegean

• On the island of Crete, the Minoans built a
  brilliant civilization based on trade.
• Mycenaean civilization, which dominated the
  Aegean world from 1400 B.C. to 1200 B.C.,
  absorbed Minoan, Egyptian, and Mesopotamian
  influences, which were passed on to later Greeks.
• The Mycenaeans are best remembered for their part
  in the Trojan War, which they fought with Troy, a
  city in present-day Turkey. The Greek poet Homer
  is our chief source of information about the
  Trojan War in his story the Iliad.
• Separated from each other by rugged mountains,
  the early Greeks built many small city-states or
  Polis.

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S E C T I O N 2The Rise of Greek City-States

• Two influential city-states developed different
  ways of life and dominate Greek society and
  History
• Sparta became a military state with a rigid
  system of rule.
• Athens set up a limited democracy and
  encouraged the exploration of many areas of
  knowledge.

Chapter 5, Section 2
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Early Government Styles

• Monarchy King Rules
• Aristocracy Small wealthy group - Nobles or
  Upper Class rule
• Oligarchy - Select Small Group rule Warriors,
  Philosophers, Merchants, etc.

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Greek Warriors Hoplites

-Backbone of Greek Society and Government

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Greek Armor - the SHIELD

• Shield HOPLON
• Defining piece of equipment -
  
• Greek warriors
  HOPLITES
• Hoplites middle-class freemen farmers
• paid for and took care of their own hoplon,
  armor, weapons
• expensive - like a modern car

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Hoplon

• 3 foot Greek Shield

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The Shield - The HOPLON

• Heavy large concave or bowl shaped
• Wooden core with bronze facing and leather
  backing
• About 3 feet across about 18 lbs.
• Held with arm-band hand grip
• Rested on left shoulder

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HopliteAthenian Spartan
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Greek Armor

• Hoplites armor PANOPLY
• Shield, helmet, breastplate, greaves, sword,
  spear, tunic
• Weighed about 70 lbs.
• Typical Greek soldier - 150 lbs.
• Expensive

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Greek Armor PANOPLY

• The SPEAR
• Principle offensive weapon
• 8-9 feet long, held overhand
• Iron or steel head - often broke upon impact
• Bronze butt-spike

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Greek Armor PANOPLY

• The Sword
• Iron blade with bronze fittings - about 2 feet
  long
• Cutting, Slashing thrusting
• A Last resort weapon, for up-close work
• Heavy curved blade for slashing kopis

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Helmet and Sword
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Greek Armor

• Bronze helmets - heavy, uncomfortable

• Worn back on the head when not fighting

• Bronze chest armor cuirass

• Bronze shin guards greaves

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Greek Warfare - the Hoplites


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Greek Warfare - the Hoplites


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The PHALANX - Hoplite Warfare


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Phalanx
-Disciplined Rows of Spearman
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Naval Warfare
Naval warship TRIREME -long narrow, fast -
like a spear -3 rows of rowers - hence TRI-REME
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Naval Warfare
-Front of ship - iron ram -basic idea - ram and
immobilize enemy ship
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Naval Warfare