Title: Group Members
1Group Members
2INDEX
- Introduction.
- What is Global Warming?
- Green House Effect.
- Effects of CO2.
- Effects of other Gases.
- Impacts.
- Findings.
- What we can do to stop Global Warming?
- Solutions.
3Group Members
- KETAKI BHALERAO .....1
3 - MINI MENON52
- ANAND BHARADIA.39
- ABHIJEET...11
- HEMANGI AGNIHOTRI....6
5 - GOVIND NIKAM70
- SANTU MONDAL..08
4What is Global Warming?
- Global warming refers to an average increase in
the Earth's temperature, which in turn causes
changes in climate. When scientists talk about
the issue of climate change, their concern is
about global warming caused by human activities.
, in particular the burning of fossil fuels and
the resulting buildup of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere, have influenced this warming trend.
5Natural Green House Effect
- Sunlight (shortwave radiation) passes easily
through the earth's atmosphere. Once it strikes
and warms the earth's surface, lnfrared radiation
is given off and goes back into the atmosphere.
While some of this Infrared radiation or heat
escapes into space, most of it is absorbed or
held by carbon dioxide and other green gases like
water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous
oxide, and ozone that exist in small quantities
in the atmosphere. - These gases form a blanket' that keeps the
earth an average of 33 degrees centigrade warmer. - Without these gases the whole planet would be an
icy wasteland with an average temperature of 16
degrees centigrade below freezing
6The Greenhouse Effect
7Increase in carbon dioxide cause the earth to get
warmer
- CO2 contributes about 50 to the greenhouse
effect - Carbon dioxide is produced from burning wood,
coal, gas, etc. - The increase in carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere is increasing the heat
being absorbed from the earth. - This trapped heat increases the evaporation of
water from the oceans into the air to cause a
greater increase in warming of the atmosphere.
CO2 has a forcing effect on climate.
8Effects of other gases
- Methane is emitted during the production and
transport of coal, natural gas, and oil.
decomposition of organic wastes in municipal
solid waste landfills and the raising of
livestock. - Nitrous oxide is emitted during agricultural
and industrial activities, as well as during
combustion of solid waste and fossil fuels. - Very powerful greenhouse gases that are not
naturally occurring include hydrofluorocarbons
(HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur
hexafluoride (SF6), which are generated in a
variety of industrial processes.
9The Earth's rising temperatures are chiefly the
result of the burning of fossil fuels (which puts
carbon dioxide a heat-trapping or greenhouse gas
in the atmosphere). Scientists, however, do not
currently agree that human-caused global warming
is a significant problem
10Impacts of Global Warming?
- The climate system varies through natural,
internal processes and in response to variations
in external forcing factors including solar
activity, volcanic emissions, variations in the
earth's orbit (orbital forcing) and greenhouse
gases. - The detailed causes of the recent warming
remain an active field of research, but the
scientific consensus identifies increased levels
of greenhouse gases due to human activity as the
main influence. This attribution is clearest for
the most recent 50 years, for which the most
detailed data are available. - Contrasting with the scientific consensus,
other hypotheses have been proposed to explain
most of the observed increase in global
temperatures. One such hypothesis is that the
warming is caused by natural fluctuations in the
climate or that warming is mainly a result of
variations in solar radiation. - None of the effects of forcing are
instantaneous. Due to the thermal inertia of the
Earth's oceans and slow responses of other
indirect effects, the Earth's current climate is
not in equilibrium with the forcing imposed.
Climate commitment studies indicate that even if
greenhouse gases were stabilized at present day
levels, a further warming of about 0.5 C
(0.9 F) would still occur
11Millions at Risk of Hunger and Water Stress in
Asia Unless Global Greenhouse Emissions Cut
12Climate Change Hits Hard on Latin America and the
Caribbean.
13Polar bear "walking on thin ice" across the
Arctic in order to reach marine seal-hunting
grounds.
14Algae fills a pool fed by Canada Glacier in the
Dry Valleys region of Antarctica with some
experts forecasting the melting of half the
Arctics summer sea ice by the centurys end.
15The Arctic is heating up at least twice as fast
as the rest of the planet, according to the final
report of the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment
16The Esperanza surrounded by small ice floats in
the Ross Sea, Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary
17Findings of IPCC
- The United Nations formed a group of scientists
called the INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON CLIMATE
CHANGE OR IPCC. - The IPCC was established in 1988 to study
climate change information. - The group doesnt do independent research but
instead reviews scientific literature from around
the world. - The groups goal is to produce a balanced
reporting of existing viewpoints on the causes
of global warming. - The IPCC meets every few years to review the
latest scientific findings and write a report
summarizing all that is known about global
warming.
18Some of the findings are as under
- The 1990s was the warmest decade, and 1998 the
warmest year on global record. - The burning of coal, oil gas has increased
the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere by 30 over
natural levels - The Earth is warming faster than at any time in
the past 10,000 years
19What we can do, to stop GLOBAL WARMING?
- Use the washing machine or dishwasher only when
they are full - Take a shower instead of a bath
- Use less hot water
- Be sure youre recycling at home
- Reuse your shopping bag
- Plant a tree
- Buy locally grown and produced foods
- Buy fresh foods instead of frozen
- Seek out and support local farmers markets
- Buy organic foods as much as possible
- Eat less meat
20What we can do, to stop GLOBAL WARMING?
- Reduce the number of miles you drive by walking,
biking, carpooling or taking mass transit
wherever possible - Keep your car tuned up
- Drive carefully and do not waste fuel
- When it is time for a new car, choose a more fuel
efficient vehicle - Try car sharing
- Try telecommuting from home
- Fly less
- Encourage your school or business to reduce
emissions - Join the virtual march
- Encourage the switch to renewable energy
- Protect and conserve forest worldwide
- Consider the impact of your investments
- Make your city cool
- Tell Congress to act
- Make sure your voice is heard!
21Solution for Global Warming?
- We have the technology and ingenuity to reduce
the threat of global warming today. Solutions are
already available that will stimulate various
economy for different countries by creating jobs,
saving consumers money, and protecting our
national security. By investing in renewable
energy and energy efficiency, and increasing the
efficiency of the cars we drive, we can take
essential steps toward reducing our dependence on
oil and other fossil fuels that cause global
warming. - Using energy more efficiently and moving to
renewable energy (wind, solar, geothermal, and
bio energy) would significantly reduce our
emissions of heat-trapping gases. The United
States currently produces 70 percent of its
electricity from fossil fuels such as coal,
natural gas, and oil, but only two percent from
renewable sources. Since the burning of fossil
fuels releases large amounts of carbon
dioxidethe leading cause of global warmingbut
renewable energy does not, increasing the share
of our electricity generated from renewable
resources is one of the most effective ways to
reduce global warming emissions. - By putting energy efficiency, renewable energy,
and vehicle technology solutions in place at the
federal level, we can reduce our contribution to
global warming while creating a stronger,
healthier, and more secure WORLD.
22Individual
- What difference can I make ? When faced with
this question, individuals should recognize that
collectively they can make a difference - Recycling newspapers, plastics, glass and metal
will help a lot.
23Industry Actions
- Industry can take a leading role in focusing
serious attention on global warming - Everyone knows that reducing waste is good for
the environment. What most people dont know is
that solid waste reduction and recycling help
address global climate change. How? By decreasing
the amount of heat-trapping greenhouse gases that
are linked to everyday trash.
24International
-
- Climate change is a global problem requiring
action from the entire international community.
Countries from around the world are working
together to share technologies, experience,
resources and talent to lower net greenhouse gas
emissions and reduce the threat of global climate
change. - One important strategy for reducing global
greenhouse gas emissions is developing and
sharing climate-friendly technologies.
25At last, we have to diffuse the bomb of
GLOBAL WARMING
26Spread the word! Tell other people things that
they can do to help prevent global
warming. - Remember -- Every person makes a
difference!