Internal Combustion Engine

1
Internal Combustion Engine

• Chapter 2 ????
• (Operating Characteristics)

????? ?? ???
2
2-1 ????(Engine Parameter)
3
(No Transcript)
4
(No Transcript)
5
(No Transcript)
6
? ???( Displacement Volume) ???? BDC??
TDC?? ???? ?? ???? ??
? ????(Clearance Volume) ???? TDC? ???? ??
???? ?? ??
? ???(Compression Ratio)
???? BDC?? ??? ?? TDC?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???
??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????. ??
TEL? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????
???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ? ?? ???
??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???.
7
2-2 ?(WORK)
??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????.
????
8
? ??? (Indicated Work) P-V??? ?? ???? ?????
???? ?
? ??? (Brake Work) ????? ???? ?? ??? ?.
???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??.
9
? ? ??? (Gross Indicated Work) ??? A? C?????
???? ????/?? ???? P-V??? ???.
? ??? (Pump Work) ??? B? C? ???? ???? ????
???? P-V ??? ????.
? ?? ???(Net Indicated Work) ??? B? C? ????
???? ???? ???? P-V ??? ????.
10
? ??? ???? (Mechanical Efficiency)
???(Brake Work) ??? ???(Indicated Work)? ?.
11
(No Transcript)
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2-3 ??????(Mean Effective Pressure)
? ?? ???? (Mean Effective Pressure) ???
P-V???? ??? ????? ??? ???. ?? ???? ????? ????
??? ?. ?,? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?.
13
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2-4 ??? ??(Torque Power)
? ??? ??? ? ? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????. ?????
?? ???? ??? ???(Brake Work)? ??? ??.
15
? ??(Power)? ???? ??? ??(Rate of Work).
16
(No Transcript)
17
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2-5 ??? (Dynamometers)
? ???(dynamometer)? ??? ???? ??? ??? ? ???? ???
??? ???? ?? ????. ? ????(hydraulic
dynamometer)? ????? ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ?????
???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????. ?? ?? ???? ???
???? ?? ????, ?? ? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????. ? ???
???(eddy current dynamometer)? ??? ??? ?? ????
???? ????. ? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????. ???
???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????. ??????
??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????. ???? ??? ???
??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ? ?? ??? ??, ?? ???
???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????.
19
2-6 ???? ???(Air Fuel Ratio Specific Fuel
Consumption)
? ???? ???? ???? ??????(Hydrocarbon Fuel)? ???
??? ????. ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???
??.
20
2-7 ?? ??? (Specific Fuel Consumption)
? ?? ??? (Specific Fuel Consumption)
21
(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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2-8 ???? (Engine Efficiencies)
? ????(Combustion Efficiency) ??? ?? ? ??
??? ???? ??.
? ???(Thermal Efficiency) ??? ?? ???? Heat
Energy? Work?? ??? ??.
25
(No Transcript)
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2-9 ???? (Volumetric Efficiency)
? ?? ??(Volumetric Efficiency) ??? ??? ? ??
??? ??? ???? ???? ? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???.
??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?
????? ??? ?????? ? ? ??. ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????
?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??.
27
2-10 ?? ?? ????(Emissions)
? ??? (Specific emission, SE)
? ????(Emission index, EI)
28
2-12 ??-?????
? ?? (Torque)
? ??(Power)
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? ???? (Mechanical Efficiency)
? ??????(Mean Effecitive Pressure)
? ???(Specific Power)