How is the body organized?

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How is the body organized?

• Each part of the body has a specific job to do.
• The levels of organization in the human body
  consists of
• Cells
• Tissues
• Organs
• Organ Systems
• Organism

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Cells
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Cells

• Cells are the basic units of structure and
  function in a living thing.
• Cells are the smallest units in the body.
• The human body contains about 100 trillion cells.

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What are Cells made up of?

• Cells are made up of a
• Cell Membrane
• Nucleus
• Cytoplasm

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Cell Membrane

• The cell membrane forms the outside boundary of a
  cell.
• Cell wall

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Nucleus

• The nucleus is the control center of the cell.
• The nucleus directs the cells activities.
• The nucleus contains information that determines
  the cells characteristics.

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Cytoplasm

• Cytoplasm is the area between the cell membrane
  and nucleus.
• The cytoplasm contains a clear, jellylike
  substance.

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Review Cells

• What is a cell?
• A cell is the basic unit of structure and
  function in a living thing and the smallest unit
  in the body.

• What are Cells made up of?
• Cell Membrane - the outside boundary of a cell.
• Nucleus - the control center of the cell, directs
  the cells activities and determines the cells
  characteristics.
• Cytoplasm - the area between the cell membrane
  and nucleus.

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Tissue
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Tissue

• A tissue is a group of similar cells that perform
  the same function.
• The human body contains four basic types of
  tissue.
• Muscle Tissue
• Nerve Tissue
• Connective Tissue
• Epithelial Tissue

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Muscle Tissue
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Muscle Tissue

• Muscle tissue can contract to make parts of your
  body move.

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Nerve Tissue
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Nerve Tissue

• Nerve tissue carries messages back and forth
  between the brain and every part of your body.
• Your brain is made up of mostly nerve tissue.

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Connective Tissue
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Connective Tissue

• Connective tissue provides support for your body
  and connects all its parts.
• Examples of connective tissue
• Bones
• Fat
• Blood
• Cartilage
• Tendons

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Epithelial Tissue
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Epithelial Tissue

• Epithelial tissue covers the surfaces of your
  body, inside and out.
• Lines the inside of different organs
• Your skin is one type of epithelial tissue.
• There are different types
• a. Squamous skin, esophagus
• b. Columnar Lungs, bladder

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Review Tissues
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Organs and Organ Systems

• An organ is a structure that is made up of
  different kinds of tissues.
• Like tissues, an organ performs a specific job.
  Each organ in your body is part of an organ
  system.

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Organ Systems

• An organ system is a group of organs that work
  together to perform a major function.
• The body has 11 organ systems.
• They are..(pg 21)

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Organ systems

• Circulatory system - carries needed materials to
  the body cells carries wastes away from body
  cells helps fight disease.
• Digestive system- takes food into the body
  breaks down food and absorbs digested materials.

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Organ systems

• Endocrine system- controls body processes
  chemically.
• Excretory system removes waste from the body.

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Organ systems

• Immune system- fights disease.
• Muscular system enables the body to move moves
  food through the digestive system and keeps the
  heart beating.

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Organ systems

• Nervous System- detects and interprets
  information from outside the body controls most
  body functions.
• Reproductive system produces sex cells to create
  offspring controls male and female
  characteristics.

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Organ systems

• Respiratory system- takes oxygen to the body and
  eliminates carbon dioxide.
• Skeletal system supports and protects the body
  works with muscles to allow movement makes blood
  cells.

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Organ systems

• Skin- Supports and protects the body
• Helps regulate body temperature.
• (goose bumps)

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Review Questions

• 1. What is the smallest level of BODY
  organization?
• Answer Cell
• 2. What is the most complex level of BODY
  organization?
• Answer Organism/YOU
• 3. What are the 5 levels of BODY organization?
• Answer Cell Tissue Organs Organ Systems
  Organism
• 4. What is tissue?
• Answer A tissue is a group of similar cells that
  perform the same
• function
• 5. What are the 4 types of tissues?
• Answer Muscle Tissue Nerve Tissue
• Connective Tissue Epithelial
  Tissue
• 6. What is the job of muscle tissue

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• 7. What is the job of the nerve tissue?
• Answer Carries messages back and forth between
  the brain
• and every part of your body.
• 8. What is your brain made of?
• Answer Nerve tissue
• 9. Which tissue provides support for your body
  and connects all its parts?
• Answer Connective Tissue
• 10. Name types of connective tissue?
• Answer Bones Fat Blood Cartilage
  Tendons

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• 11. Where is epithelial tissue found?
• Answer Skin Stomach Bladder
  Esophagus
• 12. Describe what is an Organ?
• Answer A structure that is made up of different
  kinds of tissues
• working together
• Example Heart Lungs Liver
  Small Intestine
• 13. What is an Organ System?
• Answer Group of organs that work together to
  perform
• a major function.
• 14. Name the 11 Organ systems
• Answer Respiratory Circulatory
  Digestive Excretory Skin
• Skeletal Muscular
  Nervous Reproductive
• Immune Endocrine

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• 15. Briefly explain each System
• a. Respiratory - Takes in O2 and removes CO2
• b. Circulatory Carries materials, removes
  waste,
• fights diseases
• c. Digestive Breaks down and absorbs food
• d. Excretory removes waste from body
• e. Skin - protects body from outside invaders
• f. Skeletal - supports, protects, stores,
  makes blood cells
• g. Muscular movement, moves food, heart beat
• h. Nervous Detects, interprets info, controls
  body functions
• i. Reproductive produces sex cells, creates
  offspring
• j. Immune Fights diseases, infections, Cancer
• k. Endocrine Controls chemical processes