Chapter 15 Sudden Illness

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Chapter 15Sudden Illness
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Types of Sudden Illnesses

• 1. Fainting
• 2. Diabetic emergency
• 3. Seizures
• 4. Stroke
• 5. Poisoning
• 6. Heart attack
• 7. Shock

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Fainting

• One of the most common sudden illnesses
• Definition-partial or complete loss of
  consciousness.
• Cause-temporary reduction of blood flow to the
  brain due to
• 1. stressful event
• 2.disturbing site
• 3. getting up too quickly

http//www.wimp.com/faintinggoats/
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Sign and symptoms

• Loss of consciousness
• Light headed/dizzy
• Pale/cool skin
• Sweating
• Vomiting
• Distortion of vision

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Care for fainting

• Try to catch the person
• Position person on their back
• Elevate the leg 12 inches- to keep blood to vital
  organs.
• 4. Loosen restrictive clothing
• 5. Check for life-threatening conditions
• 6. Do not give food or drink
• 7. Do not slap person or pour water on them.

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Diabetic Emergencies

• Diabetes mellitus-a condition where the body does
  not produce enough insulin or use insulin
  effectively.
• Insulin is a hormone that allows sugars to be
  passed into our cells for energy.
• A diabetic emergency-is an imbalance of insulin
  and sugar in the bloodstream.

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2 types of diabetes

• Type I (juvenile diabetes)-the body produces
  little or no insulin.
• 2. Type II (adult onset diabetes)-body produces
  insulin but the cells do not use the insulin
  correctly or not enough insulin is produced.

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Signs of a Diabetic Emergency

• Changes in levels of consciousness
• Irregular breathing
• Rapid pulse
• Feeling or looking ill
• Fruity breathe
• Irregular behavior- out of it or dazed

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Treatment

• Check for life threatening conditions
• Give person sugar fluids or food ie. Candy, fruit
  juice or non diet soda.
• If victim doesnt feel better within 5 minutes
  call 911
• Insulin shock (hypoglycemia)-too much insulin,
  low sugar level
• Diabetic coma (hyperglycemia)-
• High blood sugar level, low insulin.

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Seizures

• Irregular loss of body control due to abnormal
  electrical activity in the brain.
• Signs and Symptoms
• 1. Aura-unusual sensation or feeling
• 2. Uncontrollable tremors-grand mal seizure
• 3. Blank stare-petit seizure
• 4. Irregular breathing
• 5. Eyes roll back

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Treatment

• Protect the head/prevent further injury
• Do not restrain
• Move objects away from them
• Call 911 if first time or longer than 5 min.
• Do not try to put anything in the mouth
• Position person on their side
• Speak calmly and reassure them

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Febrile Seizure

• Happens to infants who are running a high fever
  quickly.
• Additional Treatment Cool the body slowly
• Call 911 for first time.

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Stroke

• 2 Kinds
• 1.Disruption of the blood flow in the brain
  caused by a clot (thrombus or embolus)
• TIA-temporary disruption of blood flow
• 2. Bleeding from a ruptured artery (aneurysm)

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Signs and Symptoms

• F.A.S.T-Face, Arm, Speech, Time
• Numbness and tingling
• Paralysis
• Dizzy
• Vision problems
• Treatment
• Call 911 immediately
• Monitor life threatening conditions
• Position so fluids can drain from mouth is
  paralyzed.

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Hypertension-high blood pressure

• You are 7 times more likely to have a stroke if
  you have high blood pressure.
• Things you can do
• Exercise
• Do not smoke
• Eat healthy
• Get annual physical examinations

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General guidelines for treating sudden illnesses

• Do no further harm
• Monitor ABCs and consciousness
• Help victim rest comfortably
• Keep them from getting chilled or overheated
• Reassure victim
• you need to know when 911 is needed and when it
  is not.
• give specific care as needed.