What Is Design?

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What Is Design?
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Who Designs?

• You are a designer whether you know it or not!
• Selecting the clothes you wear
• Drawing on your notebook
• Arranging your room
• Styling your hair
• Cooking

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Design

• Design is many things
• Your whole day involves design
• Design is the best use of tools, machines,
  materials, and processes to create a solution to
  a problem
• Relates man to his environment

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What is not designed?
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Problem solving

• A good design is finding the best solution to a
  problem following the given criteria and
  constraints
• Criteriagt Guidelines
• Constraintsgt Limitations

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Engineering Design Process
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Purpose of Lesson

• To enable students to understand and apply the
  design process.

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The Design Process

1. Design problems are seldom presented in a clearly
   defined form.
2. There are a variety of formal and informal
   problem-solving strategies.
3. The engineering-design process is a systematic
   problem-solving strategy, with criteria and
   constraints, used to develop many possible
   solutions to a problem to satisfy human needs and
   wants.
4. Established design principles are used to
   evaluate existing designs, to collect data, and
   to guide the design process.

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The Design Process

1. Defining a Problem
2. Brainstorm
3. Researching and Generating Ideas
4. Identify Criteria and Specifying Constraints
5. Explore Possibilities
6. Selecting an Approach
7. Develop a Design Proposal
8. Make a Model or Prototype
9. Test and Evaluate the Design using specifications
   
10. Refining the Design
11. Create or Make it
12. Communicate the Processes and Results.

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Formal Design Process
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Informal Design Process
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The Scientific Method
Form a Question

• The Scientific Method is very important.
• Gives us answers to the way the Universe works
• It is linear in nature.
• It has a starting point and ending point.
• Once you report your results, you can then form a
  new question.

Research the Topic
Create a Hypothesis
Create a Conduct Experiments
Analyze your Data
Draw Conclusions
Report your Results
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Encourages Change
The Design Process is Circular Process- it
encourages changes and improvements.
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Class Notes

1. Design needs to be continually checked and
   critiqued, and the design must be refined and
   improved.
2. Risk analysis is used to minimize the likelihood
   of unwanted side effects of a new technology.
3. To reduce the chance of system failure,
   performance testing is often conducted using
   small-scale models, computer simulations,
   analogous systems, or just the parts of the
   system thought to be least reliable.

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Class Notes

• The basic idea of mathematical modeling is to
  find a mathematical relationship that behaves in
  the same ways as the objects or processes under
  investigation.
• b. The usefulness of a model can be tested by
  comparing its predictions to actual observations
  in the real world.

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Define The Problem
Define the Problem

• What is the real problem that requires a
  solution?
• Who or what does the problem effect?
• What are the goals and objectives in solving the
  problem?
• Identify shortcomings in
• current solutions

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Explore
Explore

• Research the problem
• Search for prior solutions
• Look at current technologies that could be used
• What are potential impacts of the solution
• Look at factors that could
• limit your design.

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Develop Ideas

• Formulate a plan
• Define your constraints and requirements for the
  solution
• Brainstorm many solutions for the problem
• Analyze many possible solutions
• Select and design the best solution

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Generate a solution

• bring the solution to life
• Synthesize your design into a tangible, working
  product
• Models
• Prototypes

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Test and Evaluate

• Put your solution to the test
• Does it work?
• Does it solve the problem?
• What went right?
• What went wrong?
• What could be done better?
• Does it cause another problem?
• Could another solution work better?
• Can the solution have another use?

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Define the problem

• After a solution has been tested and evaluated
  the process can be repeated to solve
• unintended problems
• to enhance the created solution

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