Title: The Golden Age of Athens
1(No Transcript)
2The Golden Age of Athens
- Aka The Age of Pericles
- Roughly 450-400 BCE
3Politics and Govt
Philosophy Math 5th c. BCE
Athens Science The Golden Age Poetry
The Age of Pericles Art, Sculpture
History Architecture
Drama/Theatre
4Hey Hey, We're the Thinkers...SocratesPlatoAris
totleDiogenes
https//www.youtube.com/watch?vjqqnml6T1G8
5- The Persian Wars (499-479 BCE) were decisive in
the history of the West. Had the Greeks been
defeated, the cultural and political vitality we
associate and inherit from the Greeks would never
have evolved. - The confidence and pride from these victories
propelled Greece and Athens, in particular,
to its Golden Age.
6The creation of the Delian League, 478 BC
7Pericles, 499-429 BCE
- Pericles was the central figure in Athens during
its golden age - Enlarged navy
- Subterranean water pipes
- The Long Walls
- The Parthenon
- other public works
8Civic pride look what we can do
9ThePanathenaia Festivalstarted by Pisistratus
in 566 BCE
- Athletic, musical and theatre competitions held
every four years. - Lasted 12 days, ending on Athena's birthday when
100 bulls were sacrificed.
1030 ft Statue of ivory and gold on a 14 ft
base. Phidias (500-432 BCE) designed and created
the state and the marble frieze around the
temple. The figures represent human perfect, are
shown serene, calm, peaceful, in contrrol of
their emotions and bodies.
11- Architecture
- The many public buildings and temples were
constructed with marble and featured slender,
well-proportioned columns. - Many modern public buildings imitate the three
great styles of Greek columns
12Doric Column
13Ionic Style Column
14Corinthian Column
15In Sculpture
- Sculptors reflected the ideals of the city-state,
emphasizing simplicity, dignity and restraint. - Subjects were gods, goddesses, athletes and men
of achievement - They realistically depicted the human body
utilizing various materials such as marble,
bronze, ivory and gold in 3-dimension.
16Praxiteles (364-330 BCE) The Praxitelian
curve
17Aphrodite - Praxiteles the illusion of
life through light, shadow, polished marble and
contraposto
18Artemis Praxiteles
19Dionysus Praxiteles
20Hermes Praxiteles- The
Praxitelian curve -
21Myron, c. 450 BC
- The discabolus portrays strength, motion and
ideal serenity, while honoring Olympic athletes.
22 A Dying Warrior
23Philosophy
- the search for truth- the first thinkers to
suggest that the forces of nature were not
controlled by supernatural forces, personified by
gods and goddesses, but could be understood
through the use of observation and reason. - This new, natural outlook suggests the emergence
of scientific thought.
24Socrates, 469-399 BC
- Advocated the maxim Know Thyself
- there are universal truths not based on the
laws of the gods but rather, based on reason -
rational analysis to do what is right. - He sought truth by persistent questioning. (The
Socratic Method) - Left no written work, his philosophy is contained
in the writings of his students, especially Plato.
25The Death of Socrates, Jacques-Louis David, 1790
26Groovy Greeks Socrates rescued?
https//www.youtube.com/watch?vVhqrpb95A48
27Plato, 427-347 BCE
- His philosophy is reflected in a series of
Dialogues with Socrates and a student as the
speakers. - These discussions cover ethics, religion, beauty,
logic and government, among other topics. - Theory of ideas there is a higher reality than
just experience- a perfect form of everything
exists. - Most famous student was Aristotle
28Aristotle, 384-322 BC
- Wrote on philosophy, science, government, logic,
ethics and literature. - His extensive works influenced European thinking
for 2,000 years - gtnothing in excess gtmoderation in all things
gtwhat is reasonable?
29Aristotle tutoring Alexander J. L. Ferris,
1895
30Theatre of Dionysus, Acropolis
31Aeschylus, 525- 456 BC
- The Father of Tragedy
- gtEmployed a dialog between one actor and the
chorus - gtIntroduced the Trilogy
- gtWrote 90? Plays, 7 survive Won 13 first
prizes
32Sophocles, 495-406 BC
- Dramatic plays added a 3rd actor, dealt with the
conflict between a persons will and his fate
include Oedipus Rex, Antigone and Electra, - 120 plays, with 18 first prizes, but only 7
survive
33Euripides, 480-406 BC
- Examined political and social ideas and
vigorously criticized war, prejudice, hypocrisy
and greed - Aeschylus and Sophocles showed how men ought to
be, Euripides showed men as they are. - Ahead of his time, felt unappreciated-left Athens
for Macedonia.
34Aristophanes, 446-385 BC
- Satirized the political and cultural leadership
of Athens in his plays Lysistrata and The Frogs
35Herodotus, 484 424 BC
- The Father of History
- Described the Persian invasions of Greece
- He embellished facts with fable, superstition and
hearsay but was the first to try and recount the
past so that future generations can benefit.
36Thucydides, 471-400 BC
- The first scientific historian he wrote an
accurate and impartial account of the
Peloponnesian Wars (431-404 BC)
37Pythagoras, 582-507 BC
- Philosopher and mathematician discovered
important mathematical principles Pythagorean
Theorem
38Hippocrates, 460-377 BC
- Father of Medicine- attributed disease to
natural, not supernatural causes. - The Hippocratic Oath to uphold medical
standards is still taken by medical students upon
graduation.
39Democritus (460-370 BC)
- Philosopher and scientist, advanced the theory
that all matter is composed of small, invisible
atoms
40Greek pottery
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43Any Questions?