Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements

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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
MAPPA
Shelley Scott National Head of MAPPA - UK
Ministry of Justice Roy Ledingham Police Lead
for MAPPA - UK Ministry of Justice
Neil Prunnell MAPPA Strategy Manager -
Greater Manchester
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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
1. Legislation 2. MAPPA Process 3. Lessons
learnt for England / Wales
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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
Introduced a National register of sex offenders /
reporting requirements The Police - primary
responsibility
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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
In reality inconsistent and often flawed practice
..
Ineffective management of sexual and dangerous
offenders, came to a head for authorities
throughout the UK, during the year 2000.
Public outrage over the lack of effective
monitoring of Sexual and Violent Offenders
in some areas. combined with campaign
following the murder of 8 year old Sarah Payne..
Forced the government to react rapidly and
introduce important changes to existing
legislation.
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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
The PURPOSE Of MAPPA is
To help to reduce the re-offending behavior of
sexual and violent offenders - in order to
protect the public, including previous victims,
from serious harm.
MAPPA Guidance (2009) Version 3.0,
Section 1.2
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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
The AIM of MAPPA is
Ensure that all reasonable steps are taken
to reduce the likelihood of harm to the

public.
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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
MAPPA Legislation And Guidance

• Criminal Justice and Court Services Act (2000)
• Criminal Justice Act (2003)
• Introduction of MAPPA for all areas in England
  and Wales
• Sexual Offences Act (2003)
• Notification for sexual offenders reinforced
• Length of notification period depends upon
  sentence
• Sex Offender Prevention Orders
• Foreign Travel Orders
• Notification orders for offenders coming from
  other countries
• Annual re notification

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A Database for Sexual OffendersVISOR

• VISOR is a securely encrypted web based software
  application that holds the personal details on
  all relevant Sex offenders in the UK.
• VISOR is a national database covering Scotland,
  England, Northern Ireland and Wales and available
  to police/ prison and probation
• It contains information on such things as DOB, NI
  numbers, relationships, employment, hobbies,
  addresss, foreign travel, pets, vehicles and so
  on.

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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
Responsible Authority Agencies
PROBATION / POLICE / PRISON SERVICE
Duty to Co-operate Agencies
Youth Offending Teams
Mental Health / Health Agencies
Local Housing Authorities
Local Education Authorities
Social Services
Registered Social Landlords
Jobcentre Plus
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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
Who is managed through MAPPA ?
The 3 CATEGORIES of MAPPA Offender
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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
The MAPPA Process
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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
Identification

• This is critical to the whole process -
• Offenders cannot be managed unless correctly
  identified
• as eligible
• Ensure there is clarity in what constitutes a
  MAPPA
• offender
• Appropriate computer systems and admin
  resources are
• essential

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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
Information Sharing

• Create a move away from a culture of agencies
  acting
• alone and protecting their information
• Legislation needs to support proactive
  information
• sharing between agencies.

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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
Information Sharing Must

• Have lawful authority
• Be necessary
• Be proportionate
• Ensure the safety and security of the
  information shared
• 
  

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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
Risk Assessment

• There will always be too many offenders under
  
• MAPPA to manage them all at an intensive
  level

• Risk Assessment is therefore crucial as the
  first
• step in deciding at what level an offender
  needs to
• be managed
• Risk assessment must be systematic

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Risk factors
Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements

• STATIC -
• Factors which cannot
  change
• Previous
  convictions/behaviour
• OGRS- based on
  static information

• DYNAMIC -
• Factors which can
  change
• Accommodation,
  employment,
• drug/alcohol abuse,
• emotional well
  being, health.

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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
Static Risk Factors for Sexual Offenders

Risk Matrix 2000 is a joint risk assessment
actuarial tool used by the police and probation
service for men 18 or over convicted of a sexual
offence Seven static risk factors are
measured Number of Court appearances sentenced
for a sexual offence Age on release Number of
occasions sentenced for a criminal offence
Male victim Stranger Victim Non contact Sexual
offence Never lived with a partner for 2 years
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Dynamic Risk Factors for Sexual Offenders - 4
Domains
Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements

• Sexual Interests - sexual preoccupation/
  preference for Children
• 2. Offence Supportive Attitudes - cognitive
  distortions/ revenge and hostility
• 3. Management of relationships - Low self esteem/
  inadequacy/ lack of intimacy
• 4. Self - Management - irresponsible / impulsive

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Imminence levels - Risk of Serious Harm
Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
Low No significant current indicators of risk of serious harm.
Medium Identifiable risk of serious harm. Unlikely to cause harm unless there is a change in circumstances
High Identifiable indicators of risk of serious harm and could occur at any time and the impact would be serious
Very High Imminent risk of serious harm and impact would be serious.

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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
Risk Management

• Restrictive
• Police transport from prison
• Restrict Employment
• Increased police surveillance
• Prison Licence conditions
• Sex offender registration
• Disclosure of information

• Rehabilitation
• Intensive change focus treatment
• Supported accommodation
• Employment and training
• Mental health treatment
• Circles of accountability

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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
MAPPA - What we learnt in England and Wales

• Early Involvement of prisons in MAPPA
• Recognise that police and probation staff are
  different and need time to learn how to work
  together
• Be clear about what information can be shared
  with other agencies
• Prioritise offenders carefully ensure MAPPA
  used appropriately and do not try to do too much
• Ensure consistency by developing a core group of
  relevant agencies
• Ensure that risk management plans relate to the
  risks indentified

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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements
MAPPA success in England and Wales

• MAPPA provided the authority to exchange
  information

• Agencies were more confident to manage risk as
  they were no
• longer working in isolation or making critical
  decisions alone.

• Experts from different agencies make important
  contributions to
• overall plan

• Notification process is vital to manage sexual
  offenders

• MAPPA helps us to learn new skills and best
  practice from
• each other

• Risk assessments are more accurate - less
  mistakes

• Support for disclosure decisions

• Risk management more effective as relevant
  resources were
• made available

• Increased Public confidence

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Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements