Welcome to

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• Welcome to

The Nervous System
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Text, p.241
Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Somatic Nerves
Autonomic Nerves
Spinal Cord
Brain
Parasympathetic
Motor
Sensory
Sympathetic
Hindbrain
Midbrain
Forebrain
The Four Lobes
Medulla Oblongata
Pons
Thalamus
Olfactory Lobes
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Corpus Callosum
Hypothalamus
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CNS PNS

• CNS coordinating centre for information coming
  in and going out (brain and spinal cord)
• PNS carries information between organs of the
  body and the CNS

http//diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/complication
s_nerves/index.htm
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First, the Peripheral Nervous System
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Somatic Nerves voluntary

• Control muscles that are connected to the
  skeleton and skin
• Sensory nerves
• Relay information about the environment
• Motor nerves
• Initiate an appropriate response

Think of a pin pricking your finger
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Autonomic Nerves involuntary

• Special nerves to control the internal organs of
  the body
• Sympathetic
• on switch to prepare for stress
• Parasympathetic
• off switch to return to normal resting levels

What do lie detector tests and erectile
dysfunction have in common??
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Text, p.241
Nervous System
?
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Somatic Nerves
Autonomic Nerves
Spinal Cord
Brain
Parasympathetic
Motor
Sensory
Sympathetic
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And now, the Central Nervous System
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Spinal Cord

• Carries sensory nerve messages from receptors to
  the brain
• Relays motor nerve messages from the brain to
  muscles and glands
• Like the brain, it is made up of grey and white
  matter

http//www.accessexcellence.org/RC/AB/IWT/superman
/cutawaycord.html
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Text, p.241
Nervous System
?
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
?
Somatic Nerves
Autonomic Nerves
Spinal Cord
Brain
Parasympathetic
Motor
Sensory
Sympathetic
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THE BRAIN
http//www.simpsonstrivia.com.ar/wallpapers/homer-
simpson-wallpaper-brain.htm
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Oops! Thats better
http//www.bbc.co.uk/science/hottopics/intelligenc
e/
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The Brain

• Meninges protective membranes that surround the
  brain inside the skull
• dura mater outer membrane (tough mother)
• arachnoid mater middle layer (spiderweb-like)
• pia mater inner layer (tender mother)

p. 257
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The Brain

• Major user of glucose (cant use any other source
  of energy)

So, how does this make you feel about the
no-carb craze??
How does glucose enter the body???
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Regions of the brain

• Forebrain
• Contains olfactory lobes, cerebrum corpus
  callosum
• Midbrain
• Less developed four spheres of grey matter
  relay centre for some eye and ear reflexes
• Hindbrain
• Behind midbrain, joins the spinal cord
• Cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata

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http//web.lemoyne.edu/hevern/psy340/lectures/psy
340.04.2.ns.structure.html
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Forebrain

• Olfactory lobes (2) smell
• Cerebrum
• 2 giant hemispheres major coordination centres
  of sensory info motor reaction
• Speech, reasoning, memory personality
• Cerebral cortex
• The surface of the cerebrum
• Composed of grey matter with many fissures

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Forebrain continued

• Corpus callosum
• A bundle of nerves that connects the 2
  hemispheres
• Hemispheres are divided into lobes
• Frontal lobe
• Temporal lobe
• Parietal lobe
• Occipital lobe

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Lobes of the Cerebrum
http//faculty.washington.edu/chudler/lobe.html
Page 260 in your text lists the functions of the
lobes
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Forebrain or Midbrain

• Thalamus
• Below the cerebrum
• Coordinates and interprets
• sensory info
• Hypothalamus (below)
• Connected to pituitary
• Connects the nervous and
• endocrinal systems

http//web.lemoyne.edu/hevern/psy340/lectures/psy
340.04.2.ns.structure.html
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Text, p.241
Nervous System
?
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
?
Somatic Nerves
Autonomic Nerves
Spinal Cord
Brain
?
Parasympathetic
Motor
Sensory
Sympathetic
?
Hindbrain
Midbrain
Forebrain
The Four Lobes
Medulla Oblongata
Pons
Thalamus
Olfactory Lobes
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Corpus Callosum
Hypothalamus
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Hindbrain

• Cerebellum
• Controls limbs, balance,
• muscle tone
• Pons (bridge)
• Relay station between the 2 parts of the
  cerebellum and between the cerebellum and the
  medulla
• Medulla Oblongata
• Connector between spine and brain regulates
  involuntary muscles

http//web.lemoyne.edu/hevern/psy340/lectures/psy
340.04.2.ns.structure.html
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Page 259 in the text

• Look at the differences in brains of different
  organisms
• Cerebellum muscle tone, movements
• Forebrain reason, intellect, memory, language,
  personality
• Medulla oblongata autonomic nerve control

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Sheep Brain
http//www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/brain/brs
hpx.htm
see you tomorrow! ?