What do you really mean?

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What do you really mean?

• Satire, Irony and Social Commentary

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Key Terms

• Satire
• Irony
• Sarcasm
• Hyperbole
• Understatement
• Parody

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Satire

• A form of literature that uses irony, sarcasm,
  parody, hyperbole and other methods of ridicule
  and humor to criticize human institutions and
  human folly
• The purpose of satire is usually reform
• The satirist wants not to destroy but to repair
  or improve humanity or human institutions

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Irony
A figure of speech in which the actual intent is
expressed in words that carry the opposite meaning
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Three Types of Irony

• Verbal when what is said is the opposite of
  what is meant
• Situational when the appearance of things is
  opposite to the reality
• Dramatic when what a character says or thinks
  is not what the reader, audience or other
  characters know to be true

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Verbal Irony
Your boyfriend shows up in ripped up jeans and a
stained t-shirt. With a smirk, you say, "Oh! I
see you dressed up for our date. We must be going
to a posh restaurant."       
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Situational Irony
Once upon a time, there was a girl who went into
the woods. She entered a funny little house, and
she was kinda hungry so she ate a bowl of
porridge that was sitting on the table.
Unfortunately for her, it was poisoned and she
died. Because most people are familiar with the
story of Goldilocks and the Three Bears, this
ending comes as a bit of a surprise. This is
situational irony.
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Dramatic Irony
When watching a talk show, the audience knows why
a person has been brought on the show. However,
the person sitting in a chair does not know that
he is going to be reunited with a former lover.
This adds to the suspense and humor of the show.
                             
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Dramatic Irony
Have you ever seen a horror movie that has a
killer on the loose? You, and the rest of the
audience, know that the teenagers should not go
walking in the woods late at night, but they
think a midnight stroll would be romantic.
Needless to say, the teens become the next
victims.
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Sarcasm

• A bitter or cutting speech, intended to wound a
  persons feelings. It comes from a Greek word
  meaning to tear flesh
• Sarcasm is an example of verbal irony (although
  verbal irony does not have to be sarcastic)

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Sarcasm
Mother comes into the TV room and discovers her
11-year-old watching South Park instead of doing
his homework, as he was set to a dozen minutes
ago.  Pointing to the screen she says, "Don't let
me tempt you from your duties, kiddo, but when
you're finished with your serious studies there,
maybe we could take some time out for recreation
and do a little math."
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Hyperbole (Overstatement)
A figure of speech that employs exaggeration in
order to make the actual meaning of the moment
clearer
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Hyperbole (Overstatement)
Someone tells us of an occasion on which he told
an off-color joke about a grandmother and then
realized to his surprise that his own
grandmother, a prim and proper lady, happened to
be standing right behind him.  "I literally
died," he says.
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Understatement
A figure of speech in which what is actually
meant is expressed by lessening or negating the
full significance of the moment
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Understatement
We visit our friend in the hospital.  We know
from his wife that the prognosis is bad, and also
that our friend has been informed of his
condition.  When we enter, we ask him how he's
feeling.  "Well," he says, "I have been
better. "She's not a bad cook."  gt  She's
quite a good cook. "He's not the world's best
speller."  gt  He's very poor at spelling.
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Parody
An imitation of the style of an author or work
for comic effect and ridicule
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Original
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Parody
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Types of Satire

• Horatian satire is playfully amusing. It seeks to
  correct vice with gentle laughter and
  understanding.
• Juvenalian satire provokes a darker kind of
  laughter. It is often bitter or even angry, and
  criticizes corruption or incompetence with scorn
  and outrage.