Alcohols

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Alcohols
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Drill Name
OH
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Alcohols

• Hydrocarbons with a hydroxyl (-OH) as its main
  functional group

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Alcohols

• R H
• O O
• H H

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Primary Alcohols

• Hydroxyl (-OH) on an end carbon
• R-CH2-OH

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Secondary Alcohols

• Hydroxyl (-OH) on a carbon inside a chain
• R-CH-R
• OH

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Tertiary Alcohols

• Hydroxyl (-OH) at a branch point R
• R-C-R
• OH

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Naming Alcohols

• CH3-OH Methanol
• CH3CH2-OH Ethanol
• etc

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Naming Alcohols

• CH3CH2CH2-OH
• 1-propanol OH
• CH3CHCH3
• 2-propanol or isopropanol

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Naming Alcohols

• CH3CH2CH2CH2-OH
• 1-butanol OH
• CH3CH2CHCH3
• 2-butanol or isobutanol

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Naming Alcohols

• CH3CH2CH2CH2-OH
• t-butanol OH
• CH3- C-CH3
• CH3

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Cyclohexanol
OH
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Phenol
OH
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1,2-ethanediol

• HO-CH2- CH2-OH
• Ethylene glycol

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1,2-propanediol

• OH
• CH3-CH- CH2-OH
• Propylene glycol

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1,2,3-propanetriol

• OH
• HO-CH2-CH-CH2-OH
• Glycerol(glycerine)

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Making Alcohols
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Alcohols Addition Rxns
H
H2O
CC
H
OH
C-C
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Predict Name Reactants Products
H
H
HCl
H2O
CC
Heat
H
H
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Ethanol
H OH
C--C
H
H
H H
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Predict Name Reactants Products

H
CH3
acid
H2O
CC
heat
H
H
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H OH Major Product
C C
H
CH3
H H
H H
C C
H
CH3
HO H
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Displacement Reactions
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Making Alcohols with Displacement Rxns

• R-X OH-
• R-OH X-

H2O 100oC
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Examples of Alcohol Production

• CH3-I KOH
• CH3-OH KI

H2O 100o
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Examples of Alcohol Production

• CH3
  CH3
• H-C-Cl KOH H-C-OH KCl
• CH3
  CH3

H2O 100o
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Name Reactant Predict Name the Product
Br
H2O 100oC
NaOH
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OH NaBr
Cyclohexanol
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Name the reactant and Predict and Name the
Products
Press. 350oC
I KOH
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Hydroxybenzene or Phenol
OH KI
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Name the reactants, then predict name the
products
I KOH
Heat press