FARM ENERGY

1
FARM ENERGY
Energy Fundamentalsfor Farm Lighting Farm Energy
PM 2089N
2
FARM ENERGY
(USDA Census of Agriculture, 2007)
PM 2089N
3
FARM ENERGY

• Proper lighting should
• Provide a safe, effective working environment
• Deliver proper light level for animals
• Be energy efficient
• Be cost effective

PM 2089N
4
FARM ENERGY

• Lumens
• Quantity of light output (lm)
• Average rated life
• Number of hours for half of the bulbs to burn
  out in lab tests

PM 2089N
5
FARM ENERGY

• Efficiency
• Lumens/Watt
• Example
• 1200 lm/20 W 60

PM 2089N
6
FARM ENERGY

• Foot-candles (fc)
• Level of light at a working surface
• One fc is amount of illumination from a candle
  falling on a surface at a distance of one foot

PM 2089N
7
FARM ENERGY

• Incandescent
• Most common currently
• Least energy efficient
• Cheapest initial cost
• Shortest life
• Being phased out from retail
• 100 W Jan 1, 2012
• 75 W Jan 1, 2013
• 60 40 W Jan 1, 2014

PM 2089N
8
FARM ENERGY

• Compact Fluorescent (CFL)
• 10 times more life than incandescent
• 75 less energy usage
• Should be rated for moist and dusty environment
• Enclosure globes can shorten life

PM 2089N
9
FARM ENERGY

• Light Emitting Diodes (LED)
• Five times more efficient than incandescent
• Long rated life (near 100,000 hrs)
• Directional lighting
• Currently limited in damp or dusty environments
• Improving efficiency and costs every six months
  stay tuned

PM 2089N
10
FARM ENERGY

• Tube Fluorescent
• T 12 (1.5 diameter)
• Phasing out (bulbs July 2012)
• T 8 (1 diameter)
• 4x more efficient than incandescent
• lt 12 off floor
• Mount electromagnetic ballast in weatherproof
  fixtures
• T 5 (0.6 diameter)
• Shorter and more efficient than T8
• Only good in clean-dry environments currently

PM 2089N
11
FARM ENERGY

• Economic comparison example
• 23 W CFL (1600lm) vs. 100 W incandescent (1580
  lm)
• Used 8 hours per day (2920 hrs)
• Electricity is 0.10/kWh

CFL CFL Type of Lamp Incandescent Incandescent
23 W Input Wattage 100 W
69.6 lm/w 1600 lm/23 W Efficiency 15.8 lm/w 1580 lm/100 W
67.2 kWh 0.023 kW x 2920 hr Energy Use 292 kWh 0.1 kW x 2920 hr
6.72 67.2 kWh x 0.10 Energy cost/yr 29.20 292 kWh x 0.10
PM 2089N
12
FARM ENERGY

• 23 W CFL (1600lm) vs. 100 W incandescent (1580
  lm)
• Used 8 hours per day (2920 hrs)
• Electricity is 0.10/kWh

CFL CFL Type of Lamp Incandescent Incandescent
23 W Input Wattage 100 W
12,000 hrs Rated life 1500 hrs
6,000 hrs 50 of rated Assumed life 750 hrs 50 of rated
0.49 bulbs 2920 hrs/6000 hrs Bulbs/yr 3.9 bulbs 2920 hr/750 hrs
3.19 Cost/bulb 0.45
1.56/yr 3.19 x 0.49 bulbs Bulb cost/yr 1.75/yr 0.45 x 3.9 bulbs
13
FARM ENERGY

• 23 W CFL (1600lm) vs. 100 W incandescent (1580
  lm)
• Used 8 hours per day (2920 hrs)
• Electricity is 0.10/kWh

CFL CFL Type of Lamp Incandescent Incandescent
23 W Input Wattage 100 W
6.72 67.2 kWh x 0.10 Energy cost/yr 29.20 292 kWh x 0.10
1.56/yr 3.19 x 0.49 bulbs Bulb cost/yr 1.75/yr 0.45 x 3.9 bulbs
8.28/yr 6.72 1.56 Annual Cost 30.95/yr 29.20 1.75
22.67/yr 30.95 - 8.28 Savings
0.14 yrs 3.19/22.67 Payback
14
FARM ENERGY

• Summary
• Adequate light level is important to meet basic
  needs in facilities in a safe manner
• There are multiple options for efficient indoor
  lighting
• Be aware of the impact of dust and humidity on
  light in your lighting decision
• Include initial cost of wiring and fixtures when
  looking for cost savings
• Appropriate disposal measures should be taken

PM 2089N
15
FARM ENERGY

• For More Information
• Google ISU farm energy or visit us online at
• http//farmenergy.exnet.iastate.edu
• Download ISU Farm Energy publications at no
  charge
• Follow us on Twitter _at_ISU_Farm_Energy for updates
• Ask your local utility provider to contact us!

http//farmenergy.exnet.iastate.edu
16
FARM ENERGY
http//farmenergy.exnet.iastate.edu