Welcome to Anatomy

1
Welcome to Anatomy Physiology IDr. Erianne
Please be sure you pick up handouts, and initial
the attendance sheet names are in ALPHABETICAL
ORDER! You should initial the attendance sheet
each time you come to lecture.
2
Welcome to Biology 101Human Anatomy Physiology
I
A tour through the Visible Human (National
Library of Medicine)
Please be sure you pick up handouts, and initial
the attendance sheet names are in ALPHABETICAL
ORDER! You should initial the attendance sheet
each time you come to lecture.
3
General Information

• Who am I?
• Greg Erianne, Ph.D.
• Office SH 250
• E-mail - CCM gerianne_at_ccm.edu
• Telephone [phone] (voice mail)
• Web site https//www.gserianne.com/science/Geria
  nneBio101/index.htm

Please be sure you pick up handouts, and initial
the attendance sheet names are in ALPHABETICAL
ORDER! You should initial the attendance sheet
each time you come to lecture.
4
Emergency Evacuation Procedures

• Emergency evacuation may be required when there
  is an actual or potential danger to the occupants
  of any building as a result of fire or other
  emergency situation. When a fire alarm is
  sounded, all occupants must leave the building(s)
  via the nearest exit and proceed immediately to
  the designated staging area and remain 50 feet
  from any building. Fire Marshals will direct the
  evacuation. All walkways and roads must remain
  clear for emergency vehicles. Take all
  belongings with you. You will remain there until
  the all clear is sounded, or a Fire Marshal
  directs you to a remote staging area. Evacuation
  of physically disabled individuals will be
  assisted or coordinated by the faculty at the
  site. DO NOT USE ELEVATORS DURING THE EVACUATION
  PROCESS. The evacuation staging area for this
  classroom or laboratory is (Please state staging
  area from accompanying chart).
• The evacuation staging areas for classrooms used
  this semester
• CH First Floor (lecture)
• Primary Rear exit to lot 1 50 ft past walkway
• Secondary Parking lot 1
• SH First Floor
• Primary Left out of classroom, through double
  doors to lawn above HH stairs
• Secondary Parking lot 5

5
Course Web Sites

• Our Web sites for this class are located at
• https//www.gserianne.com/science/GerianneBio101/i
  ndex.htm (Main Web site)
• Announcements (VERY IMPORTANT TO LOOK AT
  FREQUENTLY!)
• Syllabus and all lecture/lab schedules
• Lecture and Lab slides used in class (ppt and pdf
  formats)
• Supplementary online materials for Lecture and
  Lab
• Lecture and Lab Exam Study Guides
• Links to many other sites including PearsonWeb
  site
• Extra credit assignments
• https//courses.ccm.edu (Blackboard Learn
  Secondary)
• You will need your student ID and password for
  the Blackboard (BB) site
• This BB site will be used ONLY grades and
  grade-related things
• https//www.pearsonmylabandmastering.com/northamer
  ica/masteringaandp/ (from Pearson Science)
  REQUIRED
• You will need the course ID and have to register
  if you havent been to this site before
• Lots of resources to use for AP I take
  advantage of it!
• (Course ID MAPERIANNE93416) (This is the same
  one I emailed you)
• Printing slides and other materials (see email I
  sent)

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Overview of Todays Lecture

• Course Web sites and Publisher Web site
• Course Description/Textbook/Lab Book
• Course Objectives and Syllabus Review
• Blueprint for success
• Organization of the Human Body
• Characteristics of Life
• Homeostasis
• Anatomical Terminology Chemistry

7
Textbook/Laboratory Manual

• Course Description
• Lecture / discussion format
• Lectures will follow Mariebs Human Anatomy and
  Physiology, 11th edition closely
• Figures used for class
• Laboratory
• Mariebs Laboratory Manual, 13th edition (Fetal
  Pig)
• Reading assignments should be done BEFORE you
  come to class/lab

8
Course Materials

• If you havent gotten your course materials yet,
  I recommend this option (from CCM Bookstore)
• MARIEB A P E-TEXT W/MASTERING A P
• MARIEB FETAL PIG LAB MANUAL 11TH Edition
• Note that by buying the Marieb e-Text with
  Mastering, you will already have access to
  Learning Catalytics

9
Major objectives of this course

• In general, you will
• Master the objectives listed in the Study Guides
• Develop a further mastery of scientific/biomedical
  terminology
• Further develop your ability to think logically
  and critically
• Lets review the syllabus, policies, and handouts

10
Grading Summary for AP I
Lecture (Four lecture exams Final Exam) If Final Exam Score is higher than lowest Lecture Exam Score, lowest Lecture Exam Score will be replaced by Final Exam Score Lecture Exam 1 14.00
Lecture (Four lecture exams Final Exam) If Final Exam Score is higher than lowest Lecture Exam Score, lowest Lecture Exam Score will be replaced by Final Exam Score Lecture Exam 2 14.00
Lecture (Four lecture exams Final Exam) If Final Exam Score is higher than lowest Lecture Exam Score, lowest Lecture Exam Score will be replaced by Final Exam Score Lecture Exam 3 14.00
Lecture (Four lecture exams Final Exam) If Final Exam Score is higher than lowest Lecture Exam Score, lowest Lecture Exam Score will be replaced by Final Exam Score Lecture Exam 4 14.00
Lecture (Four lecture exams Final Exam) If Final Exam Score is higher than lowest Lecture Exam Score, lowest Lecture Exam Score will be replaced by Final Exam Score Final Exam 14.00
Lecture (Four lecture exams Final Exam) If Final Exam Score is higher than lowest Lecture Exam Score, lowest Lecture Exam Score will be replaced by Final Exam Score Homework/Partic. 5.00
Lecture (Four lecture exams Final Exam) If Final Exam Score is higher than lowest Lecture Exam Score, lowest Lecture Exam Score will be replaced by Final Exam Score TOTAL 75.00

Lab (Three lab exams) Please consult with your laboratory instructor as his/her requirements grading scheme may differ Lab Exam 1 8.33
Lab (Three lab exams) Please consult with your laboratory instructor as his/her requirements grading scheme may differ Lab Exam 2 8.33
Lab (Three lab exams) Please consult with your laboratory instructor as his/her requirements grading scheme may differ Lab Exam 3 8.33
Lab (Three lab exams) Please consult with your laboratory instructor as his/her requirements grading scheme may differ TOTAL 25.00
Letter Grade Numerical Average GPA Quality Points
A 93.0 100.0 4.00
A- 90.0 92.9 3.67
B 87.0 89.9 3.33
B 83.0 86.9 3.00
B- 80.0 82.9 2.67
C 77.0 79.9 2.33
C 70.0 76.9 2.00
D 60.0 69.9 1.00
F lt 59.9 0.00
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Blueprint for Success

• Most importantly
• Skim your textbook BEFORE lecture and make notes
• Take notes in your own words and become mentally
  involved during lecture review/rewrite your
  notes after lecture
• Ask questions if you dont understand
• Continually review previously learned material
• Use all the study aids available to you
• Before taking the exam, you should be able to
  take a BLANK study guide and answer all the
  questions WITHOUT YOUR NOTES!!!!
• See the Suggested Study Method on Web
  gserianne.com Web site Please review this!!!
• Be sure to print slides/materials if you want
  them for class/lab make a schedule for yourself

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Are you making the most of your time?

• If you want to know the value of one year, just
  ask a student who failed a course. 
• If you want to know the value of one month, ask a
  mother who gave birth to a premature baby. 
• If you want to know the value of a week, ask a
  newspaper editor.
• If you want to know the value of one hour, ask
  the lovers waiting to meet. 
• If you want to know the value of one minute, ask
  the person who just missed a bus, train, or
  plane. 
• If you want to know the value of one second, ask
  the person who just escaped death in a car
  accident. 
• And if you want to know the value of
  one-hundredth of a second, ask the athlete who
  won a silver medal in the Olympics.
• So are you making your days count? Are you making
  the most of your life? What will you do with the
  life you have left?  The success of our life is
  not measured by its duration, but by its
  donation. Its not how long you live that
  counts, its how well and wisely you live.

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Texting in Class
Dear Students
14
Mariebs Human Anatomy and Physiology Marieb w
Hoehn

• Chapter 1
• The Human Body An Orientation
• Lecture 1

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Overview of Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy study of structure - Gross anatomy
macroscopic (types?) - Cytology
(microanatomy) cells - Histology
(microanatomy) tissues
Physiology study of function -
Specialized, e.g., neuro-, cellular-, patho-
- Comparative physiology
Structure is always related to function if
structure changes, function changes
Whats this red stuff all about, anyway?
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How Structure Determines Function
Figure from Holes Human AP, 12th edition, 2010
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Levels of Organization
Figure from Holes Human AP, 12th edition, 2010
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Important Definitions of Organizational Terms

• Cell The basic unit of biological structure and
  function (what is a basic unit of something?)
• Tissues A group of cells working together to
  perform one or more specific functions
• Organs Two or more tissues working in
  combination to perform several functions
• Organ System Interaction of organs functioning
  closely together

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Characteristics of Life
What makes something alive, or living?
Movement change in position motion
Responsiveness reaction to a change
Growth increase in size or cell number
Reproduction production of new organisms and
new cells
Respiration obtaining oxygen removing carbon
dioxide releasing energy from foods
20
Characteristics of Life (contd)
Digestion breakdown of food substances
Absorption passage of substances through
membranes and into body fluids
Assimilation changing of absorbed substances
into different substances
Excretion removal of wastes
Circulation movement of substances in body
fluids
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Requirements of Organisms
Water - most abundant substance in body (60-80
of BW) - required for metabolic processes -
required for transport - regulates body
temperature
Food - supplies energy - supplies raw materials
to build/replace body components
22
Requirements of Organisms (contd)
Oxygen - one-fifth of air - used to release
energy from nutrients
Heat - form of energy - partly controls rate of
metabolic reactions
Pressure - atmospheric pressure important
for breathing - hydrostatic pressure keeps
blood flowing
23
General Function of Organ Systems
Figure from Martini Ober, Visual Anatomy and
Physiology, Pearson, 2011
AP I
AP II
Know BOTH of these tables (AP I, II) for Lecture
Exam 1, the functions of each system (as above),
and be able to list the major organs contained in
each system
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Organ Systems Integument and Skeletal
Be able to identify the organ systems of the
human body and their major components describe
the major functions of each organ system (See
Figure 1.3 in Marieb)
Figure from Martini, Anatomy Physiology,
Prentice Hall, 2001
25
Organ Systems Muscular and Nervous
Rapidly-acting, short-term control
(Skeletal muscle shown)
Figure from Martini, Anatomy Physiology,
Prentice Hall, 2001
26
Organ Systems Endocrine and Cardiovascular
Slower-acting, longer-term control (compared to
nervous system)
Figure from Martini, Anatomy Physiology,
Prentice Hall, 2001
27
Organ Systems Lymphatic and Respiratory
Figure from Martini, Anatomy Physiology,
Prentice Hall, 2001
28
Organ Systems Digestive and Urinary
Figure from Martini, Anatomy Physiology,
Prentice Hall, 2001
29
Organ Systems Reproductive
Figure from Martini, Anatomy Physiology,
Prentice Hall, 2001
30
Homeostasis
A CRITICAL (and very testable) concept in
physiology
Bodys maintenance of a stable internal
environment Absence of homeostasis DISEASE

• Homeostatic Mechanisms monitor aspects of the
  internal environment and corrects any changes.
• Receptors - provide information about
  environment
• Control center - tells what a particular value
  should be
• Effectors - causes responses to change internal
  environment

31
Homeostatic Mechanisms
Notice that this occurs in a ONE-WAY circuit.
Figure from Holes Human AP, 12th edition, 2010
32
Homeostasis
Figure from Holes Human AP, 12th edition, 2010
Major goal of homeostasis is to keep this
consistent
(Interstitial fluid)
The 70 trillion cells in our bodies surround
themselves with their own environment. This is
the environment that must remain stable despite
changes outside.
33
Homeostasis
The 70 trillion cells in our bodies surround
themselves with their own environment. This is
the environment that must remain stable despite
changes outside.
Major goal of homeostasis is to keep the
interstitial fluid consistent
(Interstitial fluid)
34
Homeostasis
LC
Negative feedback deviation from set point
progressively lessens
Positive feedback deviation from set point gets
progressively greater
Figure from Holes Human AP, 12th edition, 2010
35
Homeostasis

• Remember that homeostasis does NOT mean constant!
• Continual variations occur in body systems
• Gives rise to normal ranges (See Appendix B)
• Examples of negative feedback (most things)
• Temperature regulation, blood pressure, blood
  glucose levels
• Examples of positive feedback
• Blood clotting, milk ejection, uterine contraction

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Homeostatic Mechanisms (contd)
Notice that this occurs in a ONE-WAY circuit.
Figure from Holes Human AP, 12th edition, 2010
37
Body Cavities
Mediastinum Non-membrane bound space between
lungs.
38
Serous Membranes
Double layer of tissue that surrounds organs,
lines body cavities, and secretes serous fluid
Visceral layer covers an organ Parietal layer
lines a cavity or body wall

• Thoracic Membranes
• Visceral pleura
• Parietal pleura
• Visceral pericardium
• Parietal pericardium

• Abdominopelvic Membranes
• Visceral peritoneum
• Parietal peritoneum

Serous fluid watery, protein-containing,
slippery fluid typically separating serous
membranes
39
Serous Membranes Organs of the Thorax
Figure from Holes Human AP, 12th edition, 2010
Be able to label ALL parts of this diagram (What
system is each organ a part of?) See the
gserianne.com Web site for a blank template for
practice labeling this
40
Serous Membranes Organs of the Abdomen
Be able to label ALL parts of this diagram Know
what system is each organ a part of
LC
Figure from Holes Human AP, 12th edition, 2010
41
Review

• Anatomy structure physiology function
• Structure determines function
• The human body (multicellular organisms) can be
  organized in increasing levels of complexity
• Atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system
• The eleven organ systems of the body function to
  maintain homeostasis

42
Review

• Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable (NOT
  CONSTANT!) internal environment
• Requires receptor(s), control center, and
  effector(s)
• Typically uses a negative feedback mechanism
• Body cavities are lined by serous membranes
• Visceral (nearest to organ)
• Parietal (nearest to body wall furthest from
  organ)
• Cross (transverse) sections through the thorax or
  abdomen can provide lots of information about the
  relative position of organs within the body
  cavities.