PresentationExpress

1
Objectives

• Assess how whites created a segregated society in
  the South and how African Americans responded.
• Analyze efforts to limit immigration and the
  effects.
• Compare the situations of Mexican Americans and
  of women to those of other groups.

2
Terms and People

• Jim Crow laws laws that kept blacks and whites
  segregated
• poll tax a tax which voters were required to
  pay to vote
• literacy test a test, given at the polls to see
  if a voter could read, used to disenfranchise
  black citizens
• grandfather clause a law which allowed a person
  to vote only if his ancestors had voted prior to
  1866, also used to disenfranchise black citizens

3
Terms and People (continued)

• Booker T. Washington the most famous black
  leader during the late 19th century, he
  encouraged African Americans to build up their
  economic resources through hard work
• W.E.B. Du Bois a black leader in the late 19th
  century who disagreed with Washington and argued
  that blacks should demand full and immediate
  equality
• Ida B. Wells an African American teacher who
  bought a newspaper and embarked on a lifelong
  crusade against the practice of lynching

4
Terms and People (continued)

• Las Gorras Blancas a group of Mexican Americans
  who protested their loss of land in the Southwest
  by targeting the property of large ranch owners

5
How were the civil and political rights of
certain groups in America undermined during the
years after Reconstruction?
In the course of the Gilded Age, the equal rights
extended to African Americans during
Reconstruction were narrowed. This move away
from equality for all had a lasting impact on
society in the United States.
6
Federal troops were removed from the South in
1876.
poll taxes
Ways in which blacks right to vote was restricted in the South
Ways in which blacks right to vote was restricted in the South
Ways in which blacks right to vote was restricted in the South
Ways in which blacks right to vote was restricted in the South
literacy tests
grandfather clauses
violence
Segregation via Jim Crow laws became the norm,
and blacks lost voting rights.
7
The many strategies used to keep black voters
away from the polls were very effective.
8
In addition to losing their voting rights, blacks
also faced widespread segregation in the South
and in the North.
The constitutionality of Jim Crow laws was upheld
by the Supreme Court in the 1896 case Plessy v.
Ferguson.
9
Booker T. Washington was the most famous black
leader of the late 19th century.
Washington believed that black citizens should
accommodate themselves to segregation and build
up their own economic resources through hard
work.
10
Some disagreed with Booker T. Washington.
Du Bois felt the burden of achieving equality
should not rest on the shoulders of African
Americans alone.
W.E.B. Du Bois argued that blacks should demand
full and equal rights immediately.
Another black leader was Ida B. Wells, who
devoted her life to the crusade against lynching.
11
Las Gorras Blancas, a Mexican American group,
fought for their rights by inflicting property
damage on landowners and publishing grievances in
their own newspaper.
In the Southwest, four out of five Mexican
Americans lost their land after the
Mexican-American War, despite a treaty which
guaranteed their property rights.
12
Faced with severe job discrimination, some
Chinese-Americans started their own businesses.

• Chinese immigrants also faced racial prejudice in
  the West at this time.

13
Prior to the Civil War, women played a large role
in reform movements, including the call to
abolish slavery.
Leaders wanted to further the rights of women and
were disappointed when women were not included in
the 14th and 15th Amendments.
Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
formed the National Woman Suffrage Association in
1869.
14

• Susan B. Anthony voted in an election in 1872 and
  was arrested.
• Awaiting trial, she toured the nation, delivering
  a powerful speech on the issue.

Activists did not secure womens suffrage during
the 19th century.