Isotopes

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Bohr Model

• The nucleus contains protons neutrons
• Electrons orbit in the space around the nucleus.
• Planets around the sun

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Bohr Model

• This restricts electrons to certain orbits and
  cannot effectively model all the elements

http//www.incompetech.com/gallimaufry/signs/bohr
.gif
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Electron Cloud Model

• Electrons move somewhat randomly in the space
  around the nucleus.

http//web.buddyproject.org/web017/web017/images/
atom.JPG
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Electron Cloud Model

• Clouds are shaded to show where electrons are
  more likely to be found

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Electron Cloud Model
Bohr Model
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Sub-Atomic Particles

• Protons
• Given by the atomic number of an element.
• 1 Charge
• Actual mass 1.67x10-24 g
• Atomic mass 1 amu

http//imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/Images/try_this/heli
um.gif
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Sub-Atomic Particles

• Neutrons
• Atomic mass minus Atomic number equals the of
  neutrons
• No charge
• Actual mass 1.67x10-24 g
• Atomic mass 1 amu

http//imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/Images/try_this/heli
um.gif
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Sub-Atomic Particles

• Electrons
• Same number as the protons when neutral!
• -1 charge
• Actual mass 9.11x10-28 g
• Atomic Mass 0 amu

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Table on Pg. 104
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ortfolio/text_images/TB02_01.JPG