Onyx Gas Capture and Flaring Project Alexandria, Egypt

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Onyx Gas Capture and Flaring ProjectAlexandria,
Egypt

• Amr Abdel-Aziz, Ph.D.
• Integral Consult,
• Egypt

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Background
Onyx Alexandria

• Onyx Alexandria is owned by Veolia Environment
• Veolia is Ranked 1st in Europe and 2nd worldwide
  in the field of solid waste collection and
  disposal
• Operates in 33 countries with 68,000 employees

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Background
Contract

• 18 district served with a total area of 7,200 km2
• 2,700 t/d to be collected, part composted and the
  remaining is landfilled
• Biogas collection and leachate treatment systems
  should be installed
• No biogas capture rate specified in the contract

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Location of Landfills

• Borg El Arab (All seasons except summer)
• El Hammam (Summer season)

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Project Description

• A biogas collection system is installed
• Collected biogas is utilized for leachate
  treatment
• Onyx is not obliged to collect excess methane not
  needed for leachate treatment
• Will install additional 3 flaring units of
  capacity 1,500 m3/h each to flare excess methane

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Project Description
Biogas Collection
Leachate Collection
Leachate Treatment
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Baseline AM0002
Applicability

• Onyx is responsible for all aspects of the
  landfill
• Contract awarded through a competitive bid
• Onyx should collect the biogas (no specific
  quantity) ? quantity used for leachate treatment
  is the baseline
• No other landfill in Egypt collects and flares
  biogas
• No generation of electricity using the captured
  landfill gas occurs (may be considered in the
  future)

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Baseline - Application

• First order decay model IPCC guidelines

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Baseline - Application
Assumption of k

• K depends on local conditions e.g. temp.,
  moisture content of MSW, pH, and nutrients
• IPCC guidelines ? ranges from 0.005 to 0.4 per
  year
• US EPA ? 0.1 for wet conditions
• Moisture content in Alexandria waste is 60
• K assumed 0.05 for conservativeness

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Baseline - Application
Estimation of Lo
MCF Methane correction factor assumed 1 DOC
Degradable organic carbon assumed 0.19 (IPCC
recommends 0.21 for Egypt) DOCf Fraction of
organic carbon converted to landfill gas (assumed
0.77) F Fraction of CH4 in landfill gas (assumed
0.5)
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Baseline - Application
W06
W04
W03
W05
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Baseline - Application
Projected Methane Generated - BA
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Baseline - Application
Projected Methane Generated - HA
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Baseline - Application
Methane Needed for Leachate and 20 of Generated
Methane - BA
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Baseline - Application
Methane Needed for Leachate and 20 of Generated
Methane - HA
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Baseline - Application
Baseline Methane Emissions (m3)
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Baseline - Application
Baseline Methane Emissions (t CO2e)
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Baseline - Adjustment

• Correct ?

• CH4contract,y Methane required to be flared each
  year as per contract
• FD Fraction of methane collected in baseline
• CH4baselinr,y Methane specified in contract
  adjusted by actual waste and actual CH4 in
  LFG
• R Fraction of CH4 in LFG

Project

• Correct ?

• FP Fraction of methane collected in project
• CH4flared,y Actual methane flared during year y

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Additionality
Economic

• The baseline emissions are based on the approval
  of the leachate treatment system
• For other landfills, systems approved by the
  government are passive collection system (max.
  efficiency 20)
• No regulations for biogas collection -- only
  guidelines which does not mandate the use of
  specific technology
• Additional flaring equipment ? additional costs ?
  No expected additional revenues ? continue
  business as usual is most attractive course of
  action

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Emission Reduction

• CH4baseline,y

• CH4flared,y

• Project Baseline

• ERy GHG reduction in t CO2e
• ER_CH4y Methane emission reduction in m3
• CF 0.000662 t CH4/m3 CH4
• GWP_CH4 21 (Global warming potential for CH4)

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Emission Reduction
Annual Emission Reduction (t CO2e)
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Emission Reduction

• 6,580,572
• t CO2e

• 1,647,255 t CO2e

• Project Baseline

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Monitoring Methodology

• Applicability
• Project activities that reduce green house
  emissions through landfill gas capture and
  flaring
• Baseline established by a public concession
  contract

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Monitoring Methodology

• Monitoring emissions from project activity
• Measured
• LFG (c)
• CH4 in LFG (c)
• Temp. (c)
• Pressure (c)
• SW disposed (d)
• Calculated
• Amount of methane flaring for baseline (a)
• Amount of methane collected in addition to
  baseline (a)
• CO2e reduced (a)

a annual, d daily, c continuous
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Monitoring Methodology

• Quality Control / Quality Assurance Procedures
• Procedure for equipment calibration
• Will be included in ISO 9000/14000 certification
  process

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Crediting Period

• Contract duration is 15 years
• Started in October 2001 and ends in October 2016
• Project expected to start in June 2005
• 11 y 4 m will remain in contract duration
• First crediting period is 7 years

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Environmental Impacts

• Flaring will also destroy compounds in the biogas
  such as VOCs
• Negative impacts of methane
• Odour
• Risk of explosion
• Negative impacts of VOCs
• Odour
• Toxicity
• Carcinogenic
• Photochemical reactivity ? O3 ? health effects
  and damage to crops and plants

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Project Status

• PDD Final Draft
• Financing Situation Self Financed
• DNA Approval Preliminary approval
• Project Implementation Not yet

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Bioreactor Landfills at Greater Cairo

• PIN

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Project Description

• Waste is actively degraded rather than decomposed
  slowly
• Leachate will be recirculated and monitored
• Gas generated will be collected and flared
• A pilot project has been implemented at Waffa and
  Amal Landfill in Cairo and is currently under
  evaluation

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Expected CERs

• Crediting Period 14 years.
• Project Start Date 2006
• Annual CERs Expected 430,000 (average)
• Total expected CERs 6.5 M