The Roman Army

1
The Roman Army

• To examine the nature of the Roman Army and its
  soldiers

2
What was the Roman Army?

• It was the tool the Romans used to create their
  empire.
• At first it was a part-time army made up of the
  better off Roman citizens.
• When the empire grew the Roman Army changed

3
The Roman Army

• Because Rome soon took over other peoples land,
  the role of the Army changed and Rome had to
  become more resourceful in using recruiting
  soldiers to join.

4
The Roman Army
The Roman Army
Legions
Auxiliaries
Numeri
5
Legions

• Each legion was made up of 5000 soldiers.
• The Legions included foot soldiers, cavalry,
  engineers, surveyors all types of soldiers
  needed to fight a battle and occupy the land.
• As well as fighting, the army was expected to
  build roads, forts and camps.
• Only a citizen could join and had to stay for 25
  years!

6
Auxiliaries

• When Rome took over more land it needed more
  soldiers in the army.
• Auxiliaries were made of men who were not Roman
  citizens. They would become citizens when they
  retired.
• Archers from the Middle East, Cavalry and
  Infantry from Spain joined these units.

7
The Numeri

• Men from tribes outside the Empire could also
  join the Army as Numeri.
• They helped defend forts on the frontier of the
  Empire a bit like the Auxiliaries.
• Unlike the Auxiliaries they did not get any
  citizenship when they retired.

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Task

1. What were the names of the three types of
   soldiers that made up the Roman Army?
2. Why did this change occur?
3. How many years did a Roman Citizen have to join
   the Army for?
4. Which soldier would you have preferred to be?

9
The Roman Soldier
Task When the next slide comes up you will
need to label your image of the Roman Soldier
with the English and Latin names make sure you
get them right!
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The helmet is called a CASSIS
The body armour is called the LORRICA SEGMENTIA
The scarf was called the FOCALE
The Tunic they wore underneath their armour was
called CINGULUM
The spear is called the PILUM a soldier would
have two of them
The shield is called the SCUTUM
The breeches were called the BRACHAEL.
The short sword was called the GLADIUS. There was
also a dagger called the PUGIO.
The sandals were called CALIGA
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All thatand more!

1. A basket.
2. Grain to last two weeks.
3. Cooking pot.
4. A pick
5. An axe
6. Two wooden posts
7. Any personal possessions.

Find space to include this on your sheet use
the space provided.