Factors Contributing To Excess Body Fat

1
Factors Contributing To Excess Body Fat

• Genetic Factors 5-40 of population affected by
  genetic factors affects body size and shape,
  distribution, and how easy it can be to gain or
  lose weight genes are not destiny though People
  have a tendency that is inherited, but expression
  of this tendency is influenced by environment.
  For example, just because both parents may be
  obese that does not mean the child automatically
  will be obese. It is the choices that are made
  that affect the weight, like eating choices or
  activity level
• Physiological Factors
• Metabolism (RMR) resting metabolic rate
  Definition vital processes by which food energy
  and nutrients are made available to use by the
  body. Basically we are looking at how much
  energy or calories your body burns at rest. The
  higher your RMR, the more calories you burn at
  rest so you can consume more calories. Muscle
  mass proportion can affect RMR. People that have
  a higher portion of fat-free mass have a higher
  RMR because muscle is more metabolically active
  than fat. When people engage in low-carb diets
  they actually slow down there RMR because the
  body want to preserve the energy that it is
  losing by not having its 1 fuel source, which is
  carbs.
• Lifestyle Factors
• Eating
• Physical Activity

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Adopting A Healthy Lifestyle For Successful
Weight Management

• Portion Control Limiting your food intake to
  recommendations in the Food Guide Pyramid. This
  is easier than trying to count calories.
• Diet and Eating Habits Diet refers to the
  choices in food you eat. Dieting is the act of
  restricting food. Making changing in your diet
  versus dieting is the smarter choice. Try to
  develop a diet you enjoy and that helps your
  maintain a healthy body composition is key.
• Total Calories per day that should be consumed
  for each society group. Check were you stand
• 1600 calories - Sedentary women and older adults
• 2200 calories - Children, teenage girls, active
  women, and sedentary men
• 2800 calories - Teenage boys, active men, and
  very active women.

3
Physical Activity and Exercise

• Muscles needing energy Increasing your muscle
  tone keeps your metabolism high and gears the
  body for using calories as energy instead of
  storing them as fat.
• Aerobic activity is best. It burns more of the
  fat, instead of just simple sugars.
• Must last 30-60 minutes.
• Use all major muscle groups.
• Gradually increase time of
• endurance activities.

4
Overcoming a Weight Problem

• Avoid low-calorie diets
• Initial weight loss from fluids, not body fat
• Diet Books Avoid them if they promote any of
  the following
• Only promote a single food and/or foods high in
  one area and low in another.
• Have the secret to success or have a scientific
  breakthrough
• Use gimmicks, like matching food intake to
  blood type
• Promotes quick weight loss or limits selections
  of foods
• Diet Supplements and Diet Aids
• Quick and easy path to weight loss, but
  dangerous. Not effective for long-term, healthy
  weight management
• Subject to fewer regulation by the FDA than
  over-the-counter medications
• More than 50 of the advertisements for
  supplements or aids are false
• Examples, Ephedra, Metabolite, Hydroxicut, Trim
  Spa

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Overcoming a Weight Problem

• Responsible and safe programs should provide
• Include components from all the food groups
  Physical Activity and Exercise should be strongly
  encouraged
• Promote slow, steady weight loss averaging about
  ½ - 2 pounds per week
• Physician evaluation and monitoring should be
  recommended if losing more than 20 pounds, have
  health problems, or taking medication on a
  regular basis
• Should include plans for weight maintenance
  after the weight-loss phase is over
• Should provide fees and cost of program, as well
  as data on expected risk and outcomes

6
Weight Loss

• Most Experts Recommend a Gradual Weight Loss of ½
  to 2 Pounds Per Week!!
• 1 Lb. Of Fat Is About 3,500 Calories.
• How? Reduce Diet by 250 Calories/day and Expend
  250 Additional Calories/day

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Eating Disorders

• Anorexia Nervosa - Failure to eat enough food to
  maintain a reasonable body weight.
• Characteristics
• Fear gaining weight.
• Distorted self-image.
• Compulsive behaviors and rituals.
• Health Risks stop menstruating, which drops
  estrogen levels and makes bone so brittle and
  fragile, becomes intolerant of cold and diseases,
  low blood pressure and heart rate, hair becomes
  thin and falls out, skin becomes severely dry,
  feet and hands swell, depression, and death

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Eating Disorders

• Bulimia Nervosa - recurring episodes of binge
  eating followed by purging (vomiting or misuse of
  laxatives, diuretics or exercise)
• Characteristics
• Rapidly consumes food, then purges.
• Done in secret.
• After a binge - feels ashamed, disgusted and
  physically and emotional drained.
• Health Risks erosion of tooth enamel due to
  prolonged contact with stomach acids through
  vomiting all the time, damage to liver and
  kidneys, esophagus bleeding, irregular heart
  rhythms, and rupture of stomach

9
Eating Disorders

• Binge-Eating - Similar to Bulimia except no
  Purging behavior.
• Eating patterns - very rapid, eating until
  uncomfortably full.
• Often eat as a way of coping.
• Likely to be obese.

10
Treatment

• Address both eating disorder, misuse of food and
  manage emotions
• Anorexia Nervosa
• Bulimia Nervosa
• Binge-Eating
• Todays Challenge being able to achieve a
  healthy body weight without excessive dieting and
  being able to adopt and maintain sensible eating
  habits, active lifestyle, realistic and positive
  attitudes