A Call to Arms

1
A Call to Arms

• Chapter 5, Lesson 3
• EQ What motivates people to act?

2
Lesson Vocabulary

• Minutemen
• Loyalists
• Patriots
• Continental Congress (pg. 126)
• Suffolk Resolves (pg. 127)
• Battles of Lexington and Concord (pg. 129)

3
Essential Question
What motivates people to act?

• What brought about the clash between American
  colonists and British soldiers at Lexington and
  Concord?

4
The Continental Congress

• September 1774, 55 delegates from the colonies
  (except Georgia) met in Philadelphia
• Met to represent American interests and challenge
  British control
• Called the Continental Congress

5
Section 3
The purpose of the Continental Congress was to
accomplish which of the following tasks?
A. Support British rule B. Explore a new
continent C. Challenge British control D. Establis
h a new boycott

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

6
Delegates to the Congress

• Massachusetts sent Samuel Adams and his cousin
  John Adams
• New York sent John Jay
• Virginia sent Richard Henry Lee, Patrick Henry,
  and George Washington

7
Speculate
What effect do you think these words might have
had on other colonists? 
8
Decisions of the Congress

• The Delegates drafted grievances calling for a
  repeal of the acts
• Said the laws violated their rights
• Voted to boycott British trade
• Decided to endorse the Suffolk Resolves
• Called for people to arm themselves against the
  British
• People formed militias (groups of citizen
  soldiers)

9
Training Militias

• Mostly in New England
• Had training sessions
• Made bullets
• Stockpiled rifles and muskets
• Minutemen were ready to fight on a minutes notice

10
Activity

• As you read, list three actions (decisions) of
  the Continental Congress (pg. 126-127)

Continental Congress
11
Activity

• What was the purpose of the Continental Congress?
  
• How did support for the Suffolk Resolves by the
  Continental Congress push the colonies closer to
  war?

12
Britain Sends Troops

• King George III New England Colonies were in a
  state of rebellion
• George III fighting was going to happen
• April 1775, thousand British soldiers sent to
  Boston
• Many more were on their way
• Under the command of Thomas Gage, the British
  were to take the weapons of the militias
• Also arrest the leaders

13
Militia Weapons

• Gage learned that the weapons and ammunition was
  at Concord
• About 20 miles northwest of Boston
• Lieutenant Colonel Francis Smith and 700 troops
  were sent to Concord
• Where you will seize and destroy all the
  artillery and ammunition you can find

14
Alerting the Colonists

• On the night of April 18th, 1775 Dr. Joseph
  Warren saw the British begin to march out of
  Boston
• Warren told Paul Revere and William Dawes (Both
  members of the sons of liberty)
• They rode to Lexington to warn Samuel Adams and
  John Hancock
• The British are coming The regulars are out!
• Adams said What a glorious morning this is!
  ready to fight for independence

15
The Redcoats March On

• At dawn the Redcoats approached Lexington
• 70 minutemen were there led by John Parker
• Minutemen stood on the town common with muskets
  in hand
• The British yelled Throw down your arms, ye
  villains, ye rebels!

16
The Shot Heard Round The World

• Somebody fired, then both sides exchanged bullets
• 8 minutemen were dead
• The British troops moved to take the ammunition,
  but most had already been moved
• They destroyed the remaining supplies
• At Concords North Bridge, the Minutemen turned
  back the BritishVICTORY FOR PATRIOTS!!

http//www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/
american-revolution-history/videos/first-revolutio
nary-battle-at-lexington--concord?m528e394da93ae
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17
Section 3
Where did the first battles of the Revolution
take place? A. Boston and New York
B. Washington and Philadelphia C. Suffolk and
Charlestown D. Lexington and Concord

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

18
Activity Story Mapping

• Re-read your notes and pages 128-129. The British
  on the Move and Lexington and Concord to complete
  a Story Mapping of the Events of the Battles of
  Lexington and Concord

19
Marching Back to Boston

• Militiamen hid behind trees and stone fences
• The militia fired at British as they marched
• British go to Boston 174 were injured and 73
  were dead
• Battle for Independence had begun
• British take control of Boston

20
Building Forces

• Committees of Correspondence sent out calls for
  volunteers (helpers) to join the militias
• The colonial militia was about 20,000 strong
• British and Colonists waited for who would make
  the next move?

21
The Next Move

• June 1775 about 1,200 Patriots under William
  Prescott
• Set up fortifications at Bunker Hill across the
  harbor from Boston
• The British decided to take the hill
• Colonel Prescott said Dont fire until you see
  the whites of their eyes

22
Battle of Bunker Hill

• William Howe (British General) with 2,200
  redcoats soldiers
• Formed assault lines
• Guns ready, drums beat, marched up the hill
• 15 paces away the Patriots began firing
• http//www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/
  battle-of-bunker-hill

23
More of the Battle of Bunker Hill

• Twice the British rushed the hill
• Twice they were turned back
• American gunpowder ran out
• British took the hill
• Although the British won, the Patriots viewed
  this as a victory
• Over 1,000 redcoats were killed or wounded 400
  Patriots died.
• Patriots could beat the worlds most powerful
  army!!
• British learned that defeating the Americans
  would not be quick or easy

24
Section 3
Which of the following shows the correct
chronology? A. Bunker Hill, Lexington, Ft.
Ticonderoga B. Concord, Yorktown,
Lexington C. Yorktown, Lexington,
Concord D. Lexington, Concord, Bunker Hill

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

25
Choosing Sides

• Americans had to make a choice
• Join the rebels or remain loyal to Great Britain
• Those that stayed with the British were called
  Loyalists
• Those that sided with the Minutemen were called
  Patriots
• This war was not just between the British and the
  Americans, but a civil war between the colonists
• Patriots against Loyalists

26
Review Questions for Quiz

1. What was the purpose of the Continental Congress?
   
2. Why did the British troops march to Concord?
3. What fighting methods did the colonists use
   against the British troops marching back to
   Boston from Concord?
4. What did the British learn from the Battle of
   Bunker Hill?
5. What do the words minuteman, Loyalist, and
   Patriot have in common?

27
Essential Question
What brought about the clash between American
colonists and British soldiers at Lexington and
Concord? -Americans were arming themselves and
expected an armed confrontation with British
troops. -The British gave the Americans an excuse
to confront them when British soldiers were
ordered to march to Concord and seize artillery
and weapons.

• What brought about the clash between American
  colonists and British soldiers at Lexington and
  Concord?

28
Activity Independent Practice

• In groups (4 groups) you will pretend 2 groups
  are pretending to be British soldiers and 2
  groups are pretending to be Patriot Soldiers.
• Write a letter home describing the after mass of
  the Battle of Lexington and Concord.
• First, brainstorm ideas with your group.
• Then, individually write a one page letter.

29
Group Activity Patriot vs. Loyalist.

• In 20 words or fewer, tell why you would have
  been a Patriot or Loyalist at the beginning of
  the American Revolution.
• In 20 words or fewer, convince someone in your
  community to join your cause.
• Create a poster that can convince them to join
  your cause.

30
Chapter 5 Section 3 Quiz

• Dont forget to STUDY for the Chapter 5, Lesson 3
  when you return.