Land Use Chapter 11 Supplemental

1
Land UseChapter 11 Supplemental

• Discussion on Nutrition, Hunger, Famine, and Food
  Sources

2
I. Nutrition and Supplies

• A. General Information
• In 1950, the average daily diet contained less
  than 2,000 calories per person
• More than 1 billion (of 2.5 billion) were
  undernourished
• In 2001, the average calorie intake was 2,500
  calories per person
• Not everyone receives the 2,500 calories
• Leads to over-nutrition
• Approximately 1.1 billion people are overweight /
  obese

3
I. Nutrition and Supplies

• A. General Information
• Crop production in most areas has increased to
  keep up with demand
• China, U.S., Indonesia (increased food)
• Angola, Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia (decreased food)
• Caused by war and mismanagement or corruption
  (social injustice)

4
I. Nutrition and Supplies

• B. Chronic Hunger and Food Security
• 800,000 million people are chronically hungry
• Approximately 11 million children die from
  malnutrition related diseases
• Food security, the ability to obtain sufficient
  food, may be threatened by poverty (?)

5
World Wide Hunger
6
I. Nutrition and Supplies

• C. Other Essential Nutrients
• Malnourishment can happen even with plenty of
  calories
• Caused by a lack of specific dietary components
• Human protein deficiency diseases
• Kwashiorkor displaced child, deprived of
  breast milk, therefore lacking protein in diet
• Reddish-orange hair, puffy-discolored skin, and
  bloated belly
• Marasmus waste away, low in both calories and
  protein
• Generally thin, shriveled child (looks like a
  tiny very old starving person)
• Children suffering from either, become anemic and
  have low immune deficiencies

7
I. Nutrition and Supplies

• C. Other Essential Nutrients
• Microencephaly (small heads) and anencephaly (no
  brain) are caused by a lack of folic acid
• Blindness can be caused by a lack of Vitamin A
  (green vegetables)
• Anemia is caused by a lack of Iron
• Goiter (swollen thyroid) and hyperthyroidism is
  caused by iodine deficiency
• Causes brain damage

8
I. Nutrition and Supplies

• D. Famines
• Characterized by
• Large-scale food shortages
• Massive starvation
• Social disruption
• Economic chaos
• Loss of food stores
• Excess grain
• Breeding stock

9
I. Nutrition and Supplies

• D. Famines
• Caused by
• Environmental triggers
• Adverse weather
• Insect infestations
• Disease
• Other natural disasters
• Locust famines in ancient Egypt
• Politics
• Government division of food and supplies
• War

10
I. Nutrition and Supplies

• D. Famines (cont)
• Caused by (cont)
• Politics (cont)
• Land seizures (by rich and powerful men/women)
• Block areas that once supported people during
  poor agricultural times
• Ethiopia and Sudan in the 1980s
• Economics
• Inability to purchase food
• Embargoes of countries
• Withdrawal of food aid
• Bangladesh of 1974

11
II. Major Food Sources

• A. Major Agricultural Crops (primary)
• Wheat
• Rice
• Corn
• Most civilizations rely on one of the above as
  the main source of agricultural food

12
II. Major Food Sources

• B. Secondary Agriculture Crops
• Potatoes
• Barley
• Oats
• Rye
• Mountainous regions and high latitudes use these
  agriculture crops instead of the big 3

13
II. Major Food Sources

• C. Meat, Milk, and Seafood
• Very expensive to produce
• Use a lot of crops to make
• Only wealthy areas can afford these food sources
  (considered luxury foods)