Socialization

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Socialization

• And Gender Roles

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THIN
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STRONG
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THIN
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STRONG
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Gender Roles

• Patterns of attitude and behavior that a society
  expects of its members because of their being
  female or male

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The Womans World

• Was the home.
• Was caregiver.
• To comfort and care for her husband.

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Women are supposed to be

• Shy
• Easily intimidated
• Quiet
• Passive

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The Mans World

• Breadwinner.
• Manual labor.
• Compete with other men.
• Was outside of the home.
• Had to leave home to work in the harsh and
  heartless jungle of society.

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Men are supposed to be

• Bold
• Ambitious
• Aggressive
• Competitive

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More Gender Differences

• Women are dependent and in need of male
  protection.
• Men are independent and fit to be leaders.
• Women are expected to be emotional.
• Men should hold back their emotions.
• Women are more likely to express feelings of
  sympathy, sadness, and distress, but are more
  inhibited with regard to anger or sexual desire.

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How Do Gender Roles Affect Us?
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Gender Roles Elsewhere

• The Arapesh of New Guinea men behave in what
  would be considered feminine in America.
• Another tribe in New Guinea, the Mundugumor, both
  sexes express masculine traits.

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Gender Roles Elsewhere

• Typical U.S. gender roles can be found in most
  societies.
• Men take on the primary role of breadwinner and
  women hold the secondary role of homemaker.
• Even in hunting and gathering societies, men are
  the dominate gender.

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Biological Constraints
XX

• XX and XY (Men are susceptible to 30 types of
  genetic defects, such as hemophilia and color
  blindness.)
• Men tend to mature more slowly than women.
• A higher percentage of males are born and die at
  a higher rate than females.

XY
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Facts

• Male births slightly outnumber female births, but
  boys have a higher death rate if born premature
  22 percent compared with 15 percent for girls.
• Overall, more newborn males die than females (5
  to 4).
• Sudden infant death syndrome is one and a half
  times more common in boys than girls.
• As teenagers, boys die at twice the rate of
  girls.
• Men have fewer infection-fighting T-cells and are
  thought to have weaker immune systems than women.
  
• By the age of 36, women outnumber men.
• Stroke, cancer, diabetes, heart disease and
  accidents--all among the top causes of
  death--kill men at a higher rate than women.
• American men typically die almost six years
  before women do.
• By the age of 100, women outnumber men eight to
  one.

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Biological Constraints

• Men are on average bigger and stronger than
  women.
• The brain of men and women are different too.
• There is less specialization in the female brain.
  Therefore females use both hemispheres of the
  brain
• Females experience greater cell growth in her
  language-dominated hemisphere

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Biological Constraints

• Female babies are more sensitive to sound.
• Male infants are more vigorous and inclined to
  explore.
• Girls are superior in language and descriptive.
• Boys visualize.
• Men dont ask for directions, right?

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The Role of Culture

• Biological differences do not explain male
  superiority and female inferiority.
• Culture defines our gender roles.
• Culture drives our expectations of behavior and
  traits.

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Socialization Agents

• The familys role?
• The peer groups role?
• The schools role?
• The medias role?

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Gender Skits

• In a group put together a skit about gender
  roles. Your skit should show how the family, the
  peer group, the school, or the media influence
  gender roles. Each person in your group must
  participate in the skit. A script will be drafted
  and turned in at the time of your presentation.
  You may bring in props and/or use items in the
  classroom to incorporate into your skit. The skit
  should be no longer than 3-minutes.