GHSGT

1
GHSGT

• United States History
• Review

2
Unit 1 Colonization Revolution

• Religious freedom economic opportunity as
  reasons for British North American colonization
• Jamestown (founded,1607)
• Separatists or Pilgrims (founded Plymouth,
  1620)
• Puritans (founded Massachusetts,1630)

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Unit 1 Colonization Revolution

• Identify the three regions of Colonial America
• New England Colonies
• (manufacturing commerce)
• Middle Colonies
• (agriculture manufacturing)
• Southern Colonies
• (agriculture slave trade)

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Unit 1 Colonization Revolution

• Explain mercantilisms role as an underlying
  cause of the Revolution
• Home Rule (Parliamentary laws control trade)
• Colonies (provide raw materials)
• Britain (manufactures raw materials into finished
  goods)

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Unit 1 Colonization Revolution

• Analyze Benjamin Franklins political cartoon
  Join, or Die
• Drafted by Franklin to unite the colonies (1754)
• British colonies failed to sign-on to union
• Colonial autonomy prevailed

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Unit 1 Colonization Revolution

• Analyze the theme of Thomas Paines Common Sense
  (1776)
• Denounced King George III
• Motivated British colonies to remain in rebellion
• Outlined key ideals about a separate American
  republic

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Unit 1 Colonization Revolution

• Analyze the concepts in Declaration of
  Independence (1776) written by Thomas Jefferson
• Preamble (List reasons for writing the document)
• Protection of Natural Rights
• - People set-up government
• - Basic inalienable rights protected
• - Abolish government which abuses rights
• Lists the grievances against King George III

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Unit 1 Colonization Revolution

• Describe the significance of the Battle of
  Saratoga and its contribution to the outcome of
  the American Revolution
• France becomes an ally of the Americans and
  helped defeat Britain

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Unit 1 Vocabulary Terms

• legislature
• House of Burgesses
• indentured servant
• Puritan
• gentry
• salutary neglect
• Mercantilism
• staple crop
• cash crop
• Albany Plan of Union (1754)

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Unit 2 Constitutionalism National Development

• Explain the role of the compromises in the
  development of the Constitution
• Great Compromise
• - Brokered by Roger Sherman and combined both
  Virginia and New Jersey plans to create
  current federal government structure
• Three Fifths Compromise
• - Brokered between Northern and Southern states
• - Slaves would count three-fifths of a person

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Unit 2 Constitutionalism National Development

• Identify the purpose of the Bill of Rights (1791)
• Protection of individual (Amendments 19)
• Protection of states rights (Amendment 10)
• Anti-federalists pushed for these amendments and
  Federalists agreed to get Constitution ratified

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Unit 2 Constitutionalism National Development

• Identify the role of Marbury v. Madison (1803)
• Chief Justice John Marshall
• Case supported the theme of judicial review
• Increased power of the Supreme Court

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Unit 2 Constitutionalism National Development

• Analyze Washingtons Farewell Address in the
  development of isolationism
• Address called for the United States to remain
  neutral in foreign policy

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Unit 2 Constitutionalism National Development

• Identify the role of Thomas Jefferson and
  Alexander Hamilton in the development of the
  two-party system
• Jefferson Democratic Republicans (Favored
  states rights supported common men in
  government process pro-French and envisioned an
  agricultural nation
• Hamilton Federalists (Favored stronger central
  government educated men in government process
  pro-British and envisioned a manufacturing
  nation.

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Unit 2 Constitutionalism National Development

• Identify the Missouri Compromise of 1820 on the
  expansion of slavery
• Missouri a slave state
• Maine a free state
• Allowed slavery south of a line 36 degrees, 30
  minutes (except for Missouri)

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Unit 2 Constitutionalism National Development

• Identify the effect of the Monroe Doctrine of
  1823 on European influence in the Western
  Hemisphere
• Written by John Quincy Adams for Monroes
  state-of-the-union speech
• Stated that the United States would help defend
  and involve itself in the direction of American
  nations against European rule

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Unit 2 Vocabulary Terms

• Articles of Confederation (17811789)
• Great Compromise
• Three-Fifths Compromise
• separation of powers
• ratification
• isolationism
• precedent
• Federalist
• Jeffersonian Republican
• Adams-Onis Treaty of 1821

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Unit 3 Jacksonian Era, Reform Movements
Westward Expansion

• Analyze the legacy of Andrew Jackson
• Believed in the Common Man
• Used spoils system to reward supporters
• Created the Democratic Party
• Used federal government to remove Native
  Americans west of Mississippi River
• Won the Nullification Crisis with South
  Carolina
• Defeated the Second National Bank of the United
  States and set up Pet Banks

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Unit 3 Jacksonian Era, Reform Movements
Westward Expansion

• Analyze territorial expansion focusing on
  territories acquired and method of
  acquisition
• Louisiana (1803) Treaty with France
• Florida (1821) Treaty with Spain
• Texas (1845) Annexed
• Oregon (1846) Treaty with Britain
• Mexican Cession (1848) Treaty with Mexico
• Gadsden (1853) Treaty with Mexico

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Unit 3 Jacksonian Era, Reform Movements
Westward Expansion

• Reform Movements of the Mid-19th Century
• Abolition
• Womens Rights
• Temperance
• Prison Reform
• Public Education
• Utopian Communities
• Transcendentalism

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Unit 3 Jacksonian Era, Reform Movements
Westward Expansion

• Analyze territorial expansion focusing on
  expansion of transportation
• Rivers (Mississippi, Ohio, Missouri river
  systems)
• Canals (Erie Canal)
• Railroads (Baltimore Ohio Railroad)
• Wagon Trains (Mormon, Oregon, Santa Fe trails
  west from the Mississippi River)
• Turnpikes (National Cumberland Road)

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Unit 3 Vocabulary Terms

• spoils system
• Manifest Destiny
• annexation
• westward trails
• abolitionist
• emancipation
• temperance
• suffrage
• Underground Railroad

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Unit 4 Division Reconstruction

• Analyze Scott v. Sanford (1857) and its effect on
  the division between the North and South
• Declared that slaves could not sue for their
  freedom because they were property
• Declared the Missouri Compromise of 1820 was
  illegal

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Unit 4 Division Reconstruction

• Identify the effect of the Presidential Election
  of 1860 on the secession of southern states
• Lincolns election proved that the nation did not
  have a national party
• Southern slave states seceded and formed the
  Confederacy

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Unit 4 Division Reconstruction

• Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the Union
  and the Confederacy during the Civil War
  (18611865)
• Union Strengths
• - More population, factories, immigrants, raw
  materials, naval power, funding for the war
• Union Weaknesses
• - Would have to fight an offensive war northern
  states divided (e.g. Copperheads)

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Unit 4 Division Reconstruction

• Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the Union
  and the Confederacy during the Civil War
  (18611865)
• Confederate Strengths
• - Fighting a defensive war better military
  leadership
• Confederate Weaknesses
• - Small population, almost no factories, no
  immigrants, limited raw materials, non-existent
  navy, have to set up new national government

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Unit 4 Division Reconstruction

• Analyze Lincolns motivations for issuing the
  Emancipation Proclamation (1863)
• Battle of Antietam and previous battles with
  heavy losses motivated Lincoln to re-examine the
  purpose of the war

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Unit 4 Division Reconstruction

• Analyze the successes and failures of the
  Freedmens Bureau
• Successes
• - Helped former slaves negotiate contracts with
  landowners reunite families separated from the
  war and provide food, shelter, and clothing to
  the poor
• Failure
• - Struggled to help bring about complete
  equality for Blacks discontinued in 1872

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Unit 4 Vocabulary Terms

• Compromise of 1850
• Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
• popular sovereignty
• Dred Scott Decision
• states rights
• secession
• Confederacy
• border states
• Reconstruction
• Thirteenth Amendment
• Fourteenth Amendment
• Fifteenth Amendment
• black codes

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Unit 5 Industrialization National Development

• Analyze the effects of industrialization on
  population shifts, monopolistic practices, and
  unionization
• Increased immigration led to urbanization and
  industrialization
• Major corporations (e.g. Carnegie Steel and
  Standard Oil) formed monopolies
• Unions formed as a result of poor working
  conditions and pay

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Unit 5 Industrialization National Development

• Identify changes in transportation during
  westward expansion
• Transcontinental Railroad (completed May 10,
  1869)
• Use of clipper ships for speed and size sailed
  from east coast to west coast around South America

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Unit 5 Industrialization National Development

• Identify Jim Crow Laws and the purpose they
  served
• Laws passed by Southern states following the
  Civil War
• Used by the states to keep Blacks from economic,
  political, and social equality

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Unit 5 Industrialization National Development

• Analyze the role of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) in
  legalizing segregation
• The case made it legal for states in the South to
  segregate Blacks and Whites
• separate, but equal

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Unit 5 Vocabulary Terms

• Industrial Revolution
• urbanization
• political machines
• Robber Barons
• monopolies
• Social Darwinism
• Gilded Age
• Transcontinental Railroads
• Homestead Act of 1862
• laissez-faire
• Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883

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Unit 6 Industrialization National Development

• Identify the reasons for the construction of the
  Panama Canal (19021914)
• Construction allowed ships to transport from
  Atlantic to Pacific without having to encircle
  South America (this was a problem during the
  Spanish American War)
• Construction would continue United States
  diplomacy and imperialism in Latin America

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Unit 6 Industrialization National Development

• Analyze the role of Dollar Diplomacy in United
  States-Latin American relations
• Initiated by President William Howard Taft
• The United States funded projects and helped
  industrialize nations in Latin America

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Unit 6 Industrialization National Development

• Analyze the role of the Muckrakers in the
  development of the Progressive Movement
• The Progressive Movement (19001920)
• Phrase was coined by President Teddy Roosevelt
• The Muckrakers were journalists who helped
  expose the corruption in both government and
  business

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Unit 6 Industrialization National Development

• Identify the following Progressive Amendments to
  the Constitution
• - 16th Amendment (income tax)
• - 17th Amendment (direct election of Senators)
• - 18th Amendment (initiated prohibition)
• - 19th Amendment (suffrage for women)

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Unit 6 Industrialization National Development

• Identify the causes of United States involvement
  in World War I
• WWI broke out in Europe in 1914 and was divided
  between the Central Powers and Allied Powers
• Central Powers Germany, Austria-Hungary,
  Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire
• Allied Powers Britain, France, Russia
  (withdrew,1917), the United States (entry, 1917),
  and some 15 other nations

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Unit 6 Industrialization National Development

• Identify the causes of United States involvement
  in World War I
• President Woodrow Wilson declared neutrality in
  an effort to prevent United States involvement
• Causes include
• - Unrestricted German U-Boat sinking (e.g.
  Lusitania)
• - Zimmermann Telegram to Mexico
• - United States culturally tied to Britain

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Unit 6 Industrialization National Development

• Analyze the Treaty of Versailles of 1919, and
  the refusal of the United States Senate to ratify
  the treaty
• The treaty officially ended the war, created
  seven new nations, forced Germany to pay
  reparations, and re-set existing national
  boundaries in Europe
• When the war ended, Wilson traveled to Europe
  with his Fourteen Points outlining several
  ideas including the formation of a League of
  Nations

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Unit 6 Industrialization National Development

• Analyze the Treaty of Versailles of 1919, and
  the refusal of the United States Senate to ratify
  the treaty
• Opponents of the treaty argued against the United
  States involvement in a League of Nations
• Wilson refused to back down and went on a
  national campaign to support the treaty and the
  League of Nations

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Unit 6 Vocabulary Terms

• Imperialism
• Roosevelt Corollary
• sphere of influence
• Open Door Policy
• initiative
• recall
• referendum
• neutrality
• unrestricted submarine warfare
• League of Nations
• self-determination
• reparations

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Unit 7 Boom Times Hard Times

• Analyze isolationism in United States foreign
  policy
• Under the leadership of presidents Warren G.
  Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover, the
  United States remained neutral in the 1920s and
  1930s
• Despite the rise of dictators, the United States
  remained neutral until 1941

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Unit 7 Boom Times Hard Times

• Analyze the effect of increased immigration on
  anti-foreign sentiment
• Once the First World War ended, many European
  immigrants flooded immigration centers of the
  United States
• The many immigrants (including fear of Communism)
  provoked the rise of the Ku Klux Klan and other
  anti-immigrant groups throughout the 1920s and
  1930s

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Unit 7 Boom Times Hard Times

• Analyze the lifestyles of the Roaring Twenties
• Henry Fords automobiles, the consumer
  revolution, urbanization, pro-business policies
  of low taxes and limited regulation, jazz, silent
  pictures, flappers, and prohibition of alcohol
  all affected the lifestyle of Americans.

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Unit 7 Boom Times Hard Times

• Analyze the causes and effects of the Great
  Depression (19291941) on the United States
• Causes of the Depression include
• - Slowdown in agriculture
• - uneven wealth distribution
• - easy credit
• -buying on margin

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Unit 7 Boom Times Hard Times

• Analyze the causes and effects of the Great
  Depression (19291941) on the United States
• The stock market crash stimulated other problems
• - bank collapses
• - business closures
• - rise in unemployment (nearly 25 of working
  population)
• - high tariffs
• - longest depression in United States History.

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Unit 7 Boom Times Hard Times

• Analyze Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal
  programs and their effects on the economy of the
  United States
• Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) increased the role of
  the federal governments management of the
  economy by providing
• - relief
• - recovery
• - reform.

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Unit 7 Boom Times Hard Times

• Analyze Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal
  programs and their effects on the economy of the
  United States
• Programs included Civilian Conservation Corps
  (CCC), Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), Public
  Works Administration (PWA), Social Security.

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Unit 7 Vocabulary Terms

• Red Scare
• Communism
• quota
• Scopes Monkey Trial
• speculation
• overproduction
• buying on margin
• Hoovervilles
• Dust Bowl
• Bonus Army

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Unit 8 World War II the Cold War

• Analyze the territorial expansion of the Axis
  Powers
• The Axis Powers consisted of Nazi Germany,
  Fascist Italy, and Militant Japan.
• Germany conquered former territories in Europe
  lost at the end of the WWI.
• Italy conquered Ethiopia.
• Japan conquered Manchuria, Eastern China, and
  other Pacific islands.

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Unit 8 World War II the Cold War

• Trace the events that led to the United States
  entry into World War II
• Germany invaded Poland (September 1, 1939)
  initiating the Second World War.
• The United States remained neutral throughout the
  first two years of the war.
• On December 7, 1941, the United States entered
  WWII following a surprise attack by Japan at
  Pearl Harbor.

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Unit 8 World War II the Cold War

• Explain the United States contribution to the
  Allied Victory
• The United States joined the Allied Powers and
  contributed 16 million soldiers, sailors and
  airmen.
• In addition, the United States industrial output
  was maximized bring the nation out of the
  Depression.
• The Big Three consisted of the United States,
  the Soviet Union, and Britain.

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Unit 8 World War II the Cold War

• Explain the United States contribution to the
  Allied Victory
• The United States won the Battle of Midway in the
  Pacific and contributed to the invasion of Europe
  at Normandy (D-Day).
• The United States liberated Western Europe of
  Nazism and freed Jews in concentration camps.
• The war in the Pacific ended with two atomic
  bombs used on Hiroshima and Nagasaki (August,
  1945).

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Unit 8 World War II the Cold War

• Analyze the foundations and purposes of the
  United Nations
• The United Nations (UN) was an organization of
  fifty member states (headquartered in New York
  City).
• The foundation was to secure peace and
  cooperation between nations.

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Unit 8 World War II the Cold War

• Analyze the onset and outcome of the Korean War
• When WWII ended, the former Allied Powers of the
  United States and Soviet Union each controlled a
  portion of the Korean Peninsula.
• President Harry S. Truman ordered United States
  troops into Korea
• China entered the war and created a stalemate.
• North Korea remains Communist and South Korea
  remains a free market democracy.

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Unit 8 Vocabulary Terms

• Totalitarianism
• Fascism
• Nazism
• appeasement
• Pearl Harbor
• Blitzkrieg
• Atlantic Charter of 1941
• Operation Overlord D-Day
• Manhattan Project

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Unit 8 Vocabulary Terms

• Holocaust
• Cold War
• Superpowers
• Iron Curtain
• Truman Doctrine
• Containment
• Marshall Plan
• Berlin Airlift
• McCarthyism

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Unit 9 Upheaval of the 1960s

• Analyze United States involvement in the Vietnam
  Conflict
• President John F. Kennedy sends first advisers to
  train South Vietnamese troops (1961)
• Ngo Dinh Diem government overthrown (1963)
• Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964)
• First combat troops arrived (1965)
• Tet Offensive (1968)
• Vietnamization (1969)
• United States Pullout of South Vietnam (1975)

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Unit 9 Upheaval of the 1960s

• Analyze the Counterculture of the 1960s and
  1970s
• Movement that upheld values different than
  mainstream culture
• Counterculture was shaped by music, art, and the
  conflict in Vietnam

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Unit 9 Upheaval of the 1960s

• Analyze the key events of the Civil Rights
  Movement of the 1960s
• Supreme Court ruled segregation illegal in Brown
  v. Board of Education (1954)
• Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955)
• Little Rock Nine (1957)
• March on Washington (1963)
• Civil Rights Act of 1964
• Voting Rights Act of 1965
• Fair Housing Act of 1968
• Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. (1968)

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Unit 8 Vocabulary Terms

• Domino Theory
• Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
• saturation bombing
• conscientious objector
• deferment
• integration
• civil disobedience
• Sit-ins

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Unit 8 Vocabulary Terms

• boycotts
• Montgomery Bus Boycott
• Little Rock Nine
• freedom rides
• March on Washington
• Civil Rights Act of 1964
• Voting Rights Act of 1965

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Unit 10 Continuity Change

• Analyze the successes and failures of Nixons
  presidency
• Successes include
• - Realpolitik (national interest ahead of
  abstract ideals).
• - Relations with China improved
• - SALT (treaty with Soviet Union to ease the
  deployment of nuclear weapons)
• - Détente (reducing tension with Soviet Union)

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Unit 10 Continuity Change

• Analyze the successes and failures of Nixons
  presidency
• Failures include
• - Stagflation (inflationary pressures and
  stagnated economy)
• - Oil Crisis with OPEC
• - Watergate Scandal
• - Resignation

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Unit 8 Vocabulary Terms

• Détente
• Realpolitik
• Watergate
• impeachment