Pauline Interpretation of Christianity: ROMANS Tuesday April 5

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Pauline Interpretation of ChristianityROMANS
Tuesday April 5
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Todays Schedule

• 410-515 Apocalyptic/Messianic interpretation
  1 Thessalonians and Romans Web, Patte, Pauls
  Faith and the Power of the Gospel, 122-154
  232-295
• 515-630
•  JULIANNE SNAPE On ch. 12
• STEPHEN STAGGS On ch. 12

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 JULIANNE SNAPE Rom 12, -Offering Ourselves to
God

• Formal Respondent Arden Henderson
• Other Respondents
• Karney Carney
• Madeleine St Marie
• Jonathan Baynham
• Amy Lentz
• Derek Axelson

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STEPHEN STAGGS Rom 12, Darkened Mind
Transformations

• Formal Respondent Jeremy Snow
• Other Respondents
• Julie Carli
• Ross Stackhouse
• Jason Jones
• Murielle Wyman
• Iris Ankrom

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Next Week Romans 13

• JULIE CARLI
•  
•  
• Respondent
•  
•  
• Murielle Wyman
•  
•  
•  
•  
•  
• MADELEINE ST.MARIE
•  
• Respondent
•  
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• Jason Jones
•  

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Galatians 13-4(Review)

• Grace to you and peace from God our Father and
  the Lord Jesus Christ, 4 who gave himself for
  our sins to set us free from the present evil
  age, according to the will of our God and Father
• Christ died for our sins he died to set us
  free (NRSV) or rescue us (NIV, NAB) or
  deliver us (KJB) from the present evil age
• When? In the PRESENT.

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Gospel Freedom from bondage to idols. Which
Idols? (Review)

• Galatians 48 Formerly, when you did not know
  God, you were enslaved to beings that by nature
  are not gods.
• Hellenistic religions as Idols
• The Other Gospel which is not a Gospel
  idolatry 49 how can you turn back again to
  the weak and beggarly elemental spirits? How can
  you want to be enslaved to them again?
• Surprisingly 43-5 So with us while we were
  minors, we were enslaved to the elemental spirits
  of the world. 4 But when the fullness of time
  had come, God sent his Son, born of a woman, born
  under the law, 5 in order to redeem those who
  were under the law, so that we might receive
  adoption as children.
• Paul equates his former Pharisaic Convictions
  with an idolatry (enslaved to the elemental
  spirits of the world)
• 51 For freedom Christ has set us free. Stand
  firm, therefore, and do not submit again to a
  yoke of slavery.

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What is Idolatry for Paul? (Review) Pagans as
typical sinners/idolaters

• Romans 118 18 For the wrath of God is revealed
  from heaven against all ungodliness and
  wickedness of those who by their wickedness
  suppress the truth. 19 For what can be known
  about God is plain to them, because God has shown
  it to them. 20 Ever since the creation of the
  world his eternal power and divine nature,
  invisible though they are, have been understood
  and seen through the things he has made.
  Cosmological revelation

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What is Idolatry for Paul? (Review) Pagans as
typical sinners/idolaters

• Romans 132 They know God's decree, that those
  who practice such things deserve to die-- yet
  they not only do them but even applaud others who
  practice them. (Cosmological/natural distinction
  between good and evil)

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What is Idolatry for Paul?Pagans as typical
sinners/idolaters

• Rom 121 So they are without excuse 21 for
  though they knew God, they did not honor him as
  God or give thanks to him, but they became futile
  in their thinking, and their senseless minds were
  darkened. 22 Claiming to be wise, they became
  fools 23 and they exchanged the glory of the
  immortal God for images resembling a mortal human
  being or birds or four-footed animals or
  reptiles.
• 24 Therefore God gave them up in the lusts of
  their hearts to impurity, to the degrading of
  their bodies among themselves . 26 For this
  reason God gave them up to degrading passions.
  28 God gave them up to a debased mind and to
  things that should not be done. 29 They were
  filled with every kind of wickedness, evil,

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What is Idolatry for Paul? (Review) Pagans as
typical sinners/idolaters
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Idols are not (Review)

• Idols are NOT the absolutization of something
  worthless!
• Idolatry is not worshipping a stone or piece of
  wood.
• Idolaters are not stupid!
• Idols have power because the idolaters know that
  the revelations upon which they are built are
  TRUE, and holy, Just and good

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Gospel Freedom from bondage to idols does NOT
mean

• Freedom from idolatry does NOT involve rejecting
  the true revelation that was absolutized and
  trapped in the idol
• This is what happens when one makes another idol
  by taking another revelation to be a complete and
  final
• so much so that one does not need the true
  revelation trapped into the idolatry

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The true revelations trapped in idols remain true
revelations

• These revelations must be freed from bondage
• Creation remains a much needed revelation of
  Gods eternal power and divine nature
  creation wait for its freedom from bondage
  (819-21)
• Torah remains a much needed revelation of Gods
  covenants, etc. waits for its freedom from
  bondage

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What is Idolatry for Paul? (Review) Paul the Jew
as typical sinner/idolater

• Romans 76-12 7 What then should we say? That
  the law is sin? By no means! 12 So the law is
  holy, and the commandment is holy and just and
  good.

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What is Idolatry for Paul? (Review) Paul the Jew
as typical sinner/idolater

• Romans 77-11 What then should we say? That
  the law is sin? By no means! Yet, if it had not
  been for the law, I would not have known sin. I
  would not have known what it is to covet
  evpiqumi,a desire I f the law had not said,
  "You shall not covet." Ouvk evpiqumh,seijÅ not
  desire 8 But sin, seizing an opportunity in the
  commandment, produced in me all kinds of
  covetousness. evpiqumi,a desire Apart from the
  law sin lies dead. 9 I was once alive apart from
  the law, but when the commandment came, sin
  revived 10 and I died, and the very commandment
  that promised life proved to be death to me. 11
  For sin, seizing an opportunity in the
  commandment, deceived me and through it killed
  me.

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What is Idolatry for Paul? (Review) Paul the Jew
as typical sinner/idolater
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What is Idolatry for Paul? (Review) Paul the Jew
as typical sinner/idolater

• Romans 712-13 So the law is holy, and the
  commandment is holy and just and good. 13 Did
  what is good, then, bring death to me? By no
  means! It was sin, working death in me through
  what is good, in order that sin might be shown to
  be sin, desire and through the commandment
  might become sinful beyond measure.
• desire leads to absolutization of that which is
  not absolute some thing GOOD a revelation
  from God Holy, Just, and Good
• But NOT complete and final revelation

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What is Idolatry for Paul?Paul the Jew as
typical sinner/idolater

• Romans 715-23 I do not understand my own
  actions. For I do not do what I want, but I do
  the very thing I hate. 16 Now if I do what I do
  not want, I agree that the law is good. 17 But
  in fact it is no longer I that do it, but sin
  that dwells within me. 18 can will what is
  right, but I cannot do it. 19 For I do not do
  the good I want, but the evil I do not want is
  what I do.
• 21 So I find it to be a law that when I want to
  do what is good, evil lies close at hand. 22 For
  I delight in the law of God in my inmost self,
  23 but I see in my members another law at war
  with the law of my mind, making me captive to the
  law of sin that dwells in my members.

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Idol whatever (including the Gospel) might be
the good thing that we absolutize
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Christ destroying The power of the Idol whatever
it might be

• Romans 82-3 2 For the law of the Spirit of life
  in Christ Jesus has set you free from the law of
  sin and of death. 3 For God has done what the
  law, weakened by the flesh, could not do by
  sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful
  flesh, and to deal with sin, he condemned sin in
  the flesh,
• 2 Corinthians 520 So we are ambassadors for
  Christ, since God is making his appeal through
  us we entreat you on behalf of Christ, be
  reconciled to God. 21 For our sake he made him
  to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we
  might become the righteousness of God.

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Christ destroying the power of the
idolcondemning sin in the flesh
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The power of bondage of the idol implodes with
the power of the Gospel

• sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful
  flesh, according to sin, he condemned sin in the
  flesh Rom 83
• manifested Son of God with power according to
  the spirit of holiness by resurrection from the
  dead, Jesus Christ our Lord, 5 through whom we
  have received grace and apostleship 14-5
• the gospel is the power of God for salvation to
  everyone who has faith, to the Jew first and also
  to the Greek. 17 For in it the righteousness of
  God is revealed from faith to faith evk pi,stewj
  eivj pi,stin 116-17

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F/T Resurrection not abandoned by God
Vindicated by God

• 
  Glorified, with God
• Î
• I
• life I life .. Raised from
  death
• not abandoned by
  God
• I I
• I________Death_________ I
• Rom 14 manifested Son of God with power
  according to the spirit of holiness by
  resurrection from the dead
• proof that Christs death is meaningful he
  died for us, for our sins

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NC/P Resurrection Christ at the right hand of
God, Sharing Gods Power

• __ at the right hand of
  God has Power
• I
• Î
• Life life. Raised from death
• I I
• I_____Death_________ I
• manifested Son of God with power according to
  the spirit of holiness by resurrection from the
  dead, Jesus Christ our Lord, through whom we
  have received grace and apostleship
• Christ, now with power (at the right of God),
  call believers (Paul called to be an apostle,
  set apart for the gospel of God Romans called
  to be saints (11, 7) to participate in the
  ministry of the Gospel, in order that the
  Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy (15-9)
  

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A/M Resurrection back with us in life
defeating powers of evil

• __ at the right hand of
  God__
• I
  
• Î
  I
• Life Raised from death .
  Parousia
• 
  back with us in life
• 
  When? Ongoing!
• I since the
  Resurrection
• I__ Death _ I
• manifested Son of God with power according to
  the spirit of holiness by resurrection from the
  dead, Jesus Christ our Lord, through whom we have
  received grace and apostleship 14-5
• 1 Corinthians 1524 Then comes the end, when he
  hands over the kingdom to God the Father, after
  he has destroyed every ruler and every authority
  and power. what the risen Christ is doing now
• Christ is alive, acting in our midst, defeating
  the powers of evil NOW

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A/M The Crucified Jesus is the One whom
believers should recognize as the true
authority/power now at work in their present as
the Resurrected Christ

• ???st?? ??est?! Christ Is Risen! Christ is
  alive and kicking
• Faith in the resurrection is NOT a believing
  that a belief about what happened 2000 years
  ago and what will happen in the eschatological
  future
• an impossible belief, because it is necessarily
  nebulous. 
• Rather faith in the resurrection is a hope
  solidly grounded in present reality, in the
  believers present experience of transforming,
  freeing, loving manifestations of the Resurrected
  One ...  
• of which believers are the beneficiaries,
  sometimes. 
• But also, and especially and primarily,
  manifestations of the Resurrected One which
  believers can recognize (through the CORRECTIVE
  GLASSES OF SCRIPTURE) when others, around
  them, are transformed, freed, loved and loving in
  the very heart of situations of need, when they
  should have been crushed by suffering, grief, and
  oppressions of all kinds.  

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A/M The Body of Christ (121-One whom believers
should recognize as the true authority/power now
at work in their present as the Resurrected Christ

• The body of Christ (125 we, who are many, are
  one body in Christ) are Christ-for-other people
• playing the same role as Christ. How?
• By being Christ-crucified for others present
  your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and
  acceptable to God, which is your spiritual
  worship 121
• How? By entering the world of others... The
  idolatrous world of others always idolatrous
  (because we are human). And when in this
  idolatrous world
• Do not be conformed to this world (122)
• Not conforming to this world not serving the
  idolatry of this world
• NOT SINNING as Christ did not sin NOT serving
  idols!!!

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A/M The Body of Christ (121-One whom believers
should recognize as the true authority/power now
at work in their present as the Resurrected Christ

• The body of Christ are Christ-for-other people
• Not conforming to this world not sinning not
  serving the idolatry of this world.
• HOW?
• By being transformed by the renewing of your
  minds, so that you may discern what is the will
  of God-- what is good and acceptable and
  perfect. (122)
• recognizing what is the true revelation, the
  true gift from God, that people in this world
  have transformed into an idol. SO AS TO AFFIRM IT
• NOT rejecting (throwing away) ALL of this world
  as if everything was wrong in this idolatry
• Christ and Culture in Paradox (in H. Richard
  Niebuhr, Christ and Culture, categories) The
  Church is in the world, though it is not of the
  world
• Christ the body of Christ can affirm a part of
  the culture there is something in the culture
  which is good and acceptable and perfect --
• But must reject another part of culture which is
  oppressive, unacceptable, and evil the
  idolatrous part of culture.

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Faith for Apocalyptic Reading

• Faith seeing, recognizing, discerning the
  manifestations of God, and submitting to their
  authority/power
• Recognizing positive (partial) revelations from
  God (in bondages in their idols)
• in Creation
• in Torah
• in whatever is good and acceptable and perfect in
  the (idolatrous) world. without conforming to
  this idolatrous word
• In the Roman Imperial authority (and its idolatry)

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Faith involves Recognizing positive (partial)
revelations from God (in bondages in their idols)

• Romans 122 Do not be conformed to this world,
  but be transformed by the renewing of your minds,
  so that you may discern what is the will of God--
  what is good and acceptable and perfect.
• Romans 131 Let every person be subject to the
  governing authorities for there is no authority
  except from God, and those authorities that exist
  have been instituted by God.
• Romans 114 I am indebted to I received
  revelation from God from both Greeks and
  barbarians, both the wise and the foolish

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Faith for Apocalyptic Reading

• Faith Recognizing positive (partial)
  revelations from God
• in the idols made our of the good gifts from God
  in Creation, Torah, the world, by Greek and
  barbarians, educated and uneducated
• Recognizing iconoclastic (partial) revelations
  from God
• In Christ crucified, cursed by the Law, sinning
  against sin AND manifested Son of God by
  resurrection from the dead,
• And in Christ-like people (those ïn Christ
  the body of Christ)

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In Christ crucified, cursed by the Law, sinning
against sin AND manifested Son of God

• Galatians 313-14 Christ redeemed us from the
  curse of the law by becoming a curse for us-- for
  it is written, "Cursed is everyone who hangs on a
  tree"-- 14 in order that in Christ Jesus the
  blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles,
  so that we might receive the promise of the
  Spirit through faith.

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Recognizing iconoclastic (partial) revelations
from God

• 1 Thessalonians 11 Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy,
  To the church of the Thessalonians in God the
  Father and the Lord Jesus Christ Grace to you
  and peace.
• 2 We always give thanks to God for all of you and
  mention you in our prayers, constantly 3
  remembering before our God and Father your work
  of faith and labor of love and steadfastness of
  hope in our Lord Jesus Christ.

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Recognizing iconoclastic (partial) revelations
from God 1 Thess

• 14 For we know, brothers and sisters beloved by
  God, that God has chosen you,
• 5 because our message of the gospel came to you
  not in word only, but also in power and in the
  Holy Spirit MANIFESTIONS OF GOD and with full
  conviction
• 6 And you became imitators of us and of the Lord,
  for in spite of persecution you received the word
  with joy inspired by the Holy Spirit,

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Recognizing iconoclastic (partial) revelations
from God 1 Thess

• 17 so that you became an example ( a type) to
  all the believers in Macedonia and in Achaia. .
• 9 others report what kind of welcome we had
  among you, and how you turned to God from idols,
  to serve a living and true God, 10 and to wait
  for his Son from heaven, whom he raised from the
  dead-- Jesus, who rescues us from the wrath that
  is coming.

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Next week 3 Characteristics of Pauls Faith for
Apocalyptic Reading

• Pauls Faith as
• A Radical Charismatic Faith a divine gift and
  belief in Gods gifts today to EVERY BELIEVERS
  (recognize the measure of each of our faith)
  not hierarchy free climbers
• An Eschatological Faith seeing God at work in
  the end-of-time today
• A Typological Faith recognizing these
  interventions of God, because they are of the
  same type (fulfillments) of Gods previous
  interventions (in Jesus, HB, etc.)
• And how the three work together

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I appeal to you by the mercies of God, to present
your bodies as a living sacrifice (121-2 15)

• Forensic/Theological I exhort/admonish you,
  demand from you that, as a response to Gods
  forgiveness (mercies)
• You sacrifice yourself for God and others
• This is Gods will that the believer should
  implement
• in imitation of Christ (as ethical model) who
  sacrificed himself for us on the cross
• demanding that one separates oneself from the
  world (not conforming to the world)
• Note a duty for individual Christians, so I
  use the singular (Greek is plural)

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I appeal to you by the mercies of God, to present
your bodies as a living sacrifice (121-2 15)

• Covenantal/Pastoral I call you to join us to
  carry out the mission of God ( the mercies of
  God)
• Parakalw/ "calling to one's side,"
• Carrying out this mission necessarily involves
  risks it is offering ourselves as sacrifice
• Because a life in faith communities characterized
  by love and justice,
• avoiding worldly behavior, honor/shame system
  that engenders competition with others that
  generates injustice and oppression

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I appeal to you by the mercies of God, to present
your bodies as a living sacrifice (121-2 15)

• Apocalyptic/Messianic I encourage and comfort
  you
• Parakalw/ comforting, encouraging,"
• Reminding you that Gods mercies ( what is
  good, acceptable, perfect 122) are manifested
  around you
• Encouraging you to discern Gods mercies and to
  join Gods on-going liberating action
• Freeing others from bondage to sin and idolatry,
  as Christ did
• refusing to serve the idols,
• thus idolaters will persecute you, crucify you,
• a sacrifice through which (some) of the idolaters
  will be saved (freed from their idolatry)

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Romans 125 we, who are many, are one body in
Christ,

• Romans 123-7 I say to everyone among you not to
  think of yourself more highly than you ought to
  think, but to think with sober judgment, each
  according to the measure of faith that God has
  assigned. eka,stw wj o qeo.j evme,risen
  me,tron pi,stewjÅ
• 4 For as in one body we have many members, and
  not all the members have the same function, 5 so
  we, who are many, are one body in Christ, and
  individually we are members one of another. 6 We
  have gifts that differ according to the grace
  given to us prophecy, in proportion to faith
  kata. th.n avnalogi,an th/j pi,stewj 7 ministry,
  in ministering the teacher, in teaching 8 the
  exhorter, in exhortation the giver, in
  generosity the leader, in diligence the
  compassionate, in cheerfulness.

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Romans 123-8 we, who are many, are one body in
Christ,

• Forensic/Theological Exhortation to participate
  humbly in the body of Christ,
• To have a loving relationship with others (129)
• using for others the gifts one has received from
  God (124-8)
• imitating Gods/Christ love for us
• in the same way that God loved/loves us even if
  we are not worthy of Gods love so we should
  love others, whatever might be their attitude
  toward us

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Romans 123-8 we, who are many, are one body in
Christ,

• Covenantal/Pastoral Being called to be ONE body
  of Christ,
• Being this inclusive people of God is an integral
  part of its mission
• This community life manifests/exemplifies Gods
  love and thus Gods justice for the rest of
  society
• by acknowledging the gifts that others have,
  and affirming them as gifts from God that you
  do not have, and that you must receive through
  other members of the community (124-8)

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Romans 123-8 we, who are many, are one body in
Christ,

• Apocalyptic/Messianic Encouragement to discern
  the body of Christ (123-10)
• by acknowledging the gifts that other members
  of the community received, and affirming them as
  gifts from God that you do not have, and that
  you must receive through others (124-8).
• not to think of yourself more highly than you
  ought to think (123)
• acknowledging others as worthy of honor
  (1210) because they are bearers of gifts of God
  for you (124-8)
• genuine love (129), considering others as
  better than yourself, precisely as you consider
  Christ (they are part of the body of Christ)

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Pondering your leaders THEME and PASSAGE in
Romans

• what would be different in the teaching of
  this passage on this theme for your own context
• List and explain these differences--which should
  become clearer as you progress in the
  understanding of your own THEME and PASSAGE.
• The point is to help your leader recognize other
  plausible interpretations of the same text and
  its theme... how changing context helps see other
  things in the text
• You might or might not have the same overall
  perspective (Forensic/Theological
  Covenantal/Pastoral or Apocalyptic/Messianic) as
  your leader.
• same perspective how is her/his theme
  complement your own?
• different perspective how is her/his theme in
  tension with your own? How would you understand
  her/his theme from YOUR different perspective?a\

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 JULIANNE SNAPE Rom 12, -Offering Ourselves to
God

• Formal Respondent Arden Henderson
• Other Respondents
• Karney Carney
• Madeleine St Marie
• Jonathan Baynham
• Amy Lentz
• Derek Axelson

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STEPHEN STAGGS Rom 12, Darkened Mind
Transformations

• Formal Respondent Jeremy Snow
• Other Respondents
• Julie Carli
• Ross Stackhouse
• Jason Jones
• Murielle Wyman
• Iris Ankrom

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Forensic/Theological Interpretation Slave (in
11 616-23)

• F/T  Slave Someone who unconditionally submits
  to the will and authority of a master.  Like the
  OT figures total, humble submission to Gods
  will 
• Slave of sin   due to lack of the proper
  teaching (knowledge) and will.   Paul speaks  of
  a willful slavery that can be voluntarily
  shifted from one master to another by individual
  believers. 
• 616-23 obedient slaves (616) one who
  freely and voluntarily chose to submit to a
  master (sin or righteousness)
• How does one conceive of a voluntary slavery?
   It is the most difficult interpretation
• But not impossible one reads the you plural
  in Greek as referring to a singular individual
  or a bunch of individuals.
• F/T interpretation of many people in Western,
  Enlightenment cultures, especially of people who
  feel in control of their lives.

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New Covenantal/Pastoral Interpretation Slave (in
11 616-23)

• NC/P  Slave Someone who, although in a low
  status, is a member of a household as a
  socio-economic unit, and who, as a servant, acts
  in the name of his/her master for the sake of the
  household Someone totally defined by his/her
  mission in the name of a master and for the sake
  of the household. 
• Obedience Accepting ones mission and
  carrying it out
• Like the OT figures who accept a special role
  given to them by God who has chosen them for a
  special mission and sends them to speak and act
  in Gods name. 
• A connotation further suggested, for the
  Romans, by the phrase slave of Christ (11)
  that brings to mind slaves of Caesar slaves
  of the household of Caesar, acting in the name of
  and with the authority of Caesar Jewett
• In 616-23 The metaphors slavery to sin and
  Slavery to righteousness/justice brings to mind
  the image of a group of people (plural you)
  under the power of a master who escaped to take
  refuge under the protection and at the service of
  another master. 

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Apocalyptic/Messianic Interpretation Slave (in
11 616-23)

• A/M  Slave  Someone who is owned by a master,
  thus in bondage, totally at the mercy of this
  master Slave worthless, powerless, in an
  abject situation, with a shameful status. 
• Obedience involuntary submission to a master
  acknowledging that one is powerless in view of
  the superior power of the master 
• Like the OT figures as an instrument through
  whom God acts, with a prophetic function, despite
  the unworthiness and lack of ability of that
  persona connotation further suggested, for the
  Romans, by the phrase slave of Christ (11)
  that brings to mind slaves of Caesar people
  upon whom Caesar has life and death power and who
  are instruments through whom Caesar acts

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Apocalyptic/Messianic Interpretation Slave (in
11 616-23)

• In 616-23  slavery as metaphor for people
  totally under the power of someone of something,
  here sin (e.g., addiction all forms of
  addiction and of systemic evil), and are
  hopeless as long as someone (the Messiah, or a
  Christ-like person or community the body of
  Christ) intervenes and rescues the slaves (free
  them redemption)
• Yet former addicts always remain
  recovering-addicts in need of on-going 
  redemptive empowering by Gods Justice thus slave
  to God, 622, depending on Gods empowering
  justice).
• Humans are unable to function on their own they
  can only pass from one sphere of power (the power
  of sin) to another sphere of power (Gods sphere
  of Gods justice)   Käsemanns and Byrnes
  commentary  

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Forensic/Theological view of Sanctification in
617-23 121-3

• F/T  Sanctification is self-centered 
  transformation of the individual into a saint,
  through the work of the spirit in that
  individual. 
• Instead of following evil inclinations being
  slave/servant of sin
• One follows good inclinations (including love
  toward others, etc.) being slave/servant of
  righteousness and righteous causes.  
• Sanctification freeing oneself from evil
  inclinations and pursuing good inclinations
• Sanctification occurs when I am personally
  willing and have the moral strength (morally
  empowered) to follow good inclinations and NOT to
  commit sins transgressions that anger/dishonor
  God. 

53
New Covenantal view of Sanctification in 617-23
121-3

• NC/P  Sanctification is community-centered one
  is a saint by participating in the collective
  vocation of the community and participating in
  the rituals of the community, glorifying God and
  bringing about the glorification of Gods name.
• Sanctification Being slave of Justice (of God) 
  acting (together with the community) in the
  name of and with the authority of our master, the
  God of Justice, and thus demonstrating/manifesting
  the justice of God, as Christ did. 
• Being slave to sin is acting with the authority
  of worldly masters, bringing about injustice,
  oppression, and other evil.
• Sanctification occurs when justice and love of
  God is manifested in society by the Christian
  community

54
Apocalyptic/Messianic view of Sanctification in
617-23 121-3

• A/M  Sanctification is other-centered being a
  saint 1) being freed from idolatry 2) being
  Christ-like for others
• 1) Being freed from idolatry
• By being a member of the body of Christ
• By being indebted to people who are other than we
  are (including in the body of Christ) and who
  bring gift to us from God
• Being constantly freed from idolatry by
  acknowledging the good gifts that others bring to
  us from God thus preventing us from viewing the
  gifts we have received as absolute ( from
  falling back into idolatry) welcoming others as
  Christ-like bearers of gifts of God for us
• 2) Being Christ-like for others, that occurs when
  I (and other members of the body of Christ) offer
  myself as a living sacrifice and become
  Christ-like for others