Language Structures

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Language Structures
Dialogue I
Dialogue II
Reading I
Reading II
Guided Writing
Interaction Activities
Listening Practice
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LSP
LS
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3
2
4
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LSP
LS
See the following sentences and find out the
grammar rules they use

• If it rains tomorrow, we will have to postpone
  our sports meeting.
• If I were a teacher, I would teach maths.
• If you had carbon paper, I could do it.
• Dick would do well if he worked hard.

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LSP
????????(real)????(unreal)?? ????? I ? 1) If you
heat ice, it melts. ?????????? 2) If I make a
promise, I keep it. ????????? 3) If it rained, I
went to work by car. ??????? ????? II ? 1)
???? If we catch the 10 oclock train, we
shall (will, can, may) get there by lunch-time.
If it is fine tomorrow, we can have a picnic
somewhere. If you wake up before me, give
me a call.
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LSP
2) ???? If it should rain again, the flowers
will bloom. If he should fail to come, ask
Philip to work in his place.
??????,????should????????????????,??????????? ??
???? I ? ???? 1) If we caught the 10 oclock
train, we would (could, might) get there by
lunch-time. (?????) 2) If I came into a fortune,
I would give up working. (?????) 3) If I knew how
it worked, I could tell you what to do. (???????)
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LSP

• ?????? I ? ????
• 1) If we were to miss the 10 oclock train, we
  wouldnt get there till after lunch.
• If our train were to arrive punctually, we should
  have time to visit your sister.
• ?????? II? ????
• If we had caught the 10 oclock train, we would
  have got there by lunch-time.
• We would / could / might have called you if we
  had known your telephone number.
• ????????????

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LSP
?????? II? ???? If you were to have asked me, I
would have been only too willing to help. If you
were to have explained your problem to me, I
would have been able to help you.
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LSP
1
LSP I Making an assumption about an event which
is likely to happen
Practice following conversations
A Do you think it will rain tomorrow? B (It is
quite likely that it will.) A if it rains, well
have to postpone our sports meeting. B (Yes,
well have to do that if it rains.)
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LSP
LSP II Making an assumption about ones wish
under a condition contrary to the fact
2
Practice following conversations
A Are you a teacher? B (No, Im a doctor.) A
What would you teach if you were a teacher? B (I
would teach maths.)
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LSP
LSP III Expressing regret and making an
assumption about something done under a condition
contrary to the present fact
3
Practice following conversations
1) A (Can you make some duplicates of this
letter, please?) B Yes, if you have carbon
paper. A (But I havent got any.) B
Its a pity. If you had carbon paper, I could do
it. 2) A Would you mind making some duplicates
of this letter? B (Not at all, but Ive run
out of carbon paper.) A Im sorry I havent
got any, either. B (Well, if Betty were
here, she would know where to get some carbon
paper. Then I could do it for you.)
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LSP
Language points for LSP III duplicate 1. to
copy something exactly e.g. New copies of the
form can be duplicated from a master copy.
The video had been duplicated illegally. 2.to
repeat something in exactly the same way We
don't want staff to duplicate each other's
work. n. duplication
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LSP
Language points for LSP III pump a machine
for forcing liquid or gas into or out of
something water/air/beer etc pump (for moving
water, air etc) hand/foot pump (operated by your
hand or foot) petrol pump/gas pump (for putting
petrol into cars) stomach pump (for removing the
contents of someone's stomach)
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LSP
LSP IV Making an assumption about something done
under a condition contrary to the present fact
4
Practice following conversations
1) A Does Dick do well? B (No, he doesnt.
He doesnt work hard enough.) A If he worked
hard, would he do well? B (Yes, Im sure he
would.) 2) A (Dick does quite well at school,
doesnt he?) B No, Im afraid not. A
(Why doesnt he?) B He doesnt work hard
enough. A (Would he do better if he worked
hard) B Oh, yes, I think he would.
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D I
Dialogue I
If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Working in pairs, discuss the following questions

• What are the nine planets in the solar system?
• Do you know Mr. Yang Liweis travel in space and
  Chinas first spacewalk?
• Which planet would you go to if you had a chance?
  What would you take with you during your trip to
  that planet? Who would you invite to take the
  trip with you?

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D I
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D I
Our solar system consists of an average star we
call the Sun, the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth,
Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and
Pluto. It includes the satellites of the
planets numerous comets, asteroids, and
meteoroids and the interplanetary medium. The
Sun is the richest source of electromagnetic
energy (mostly in the form of heat and light) in
the solar system.
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D I


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D I


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D I


3, Dec. 2008
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D I
Dialogue I
If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Listening to the recording and answer the
questions on specific details of this dialogue

• What is the interview about?
• Who are the two speakers?
• Can you repeat some of the questions being asked?
• How to ask and answer questions in interview?

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D I
Dialogue I
If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Read the dialogue loudly in pairs and find out
useful expressions in the text.
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D I
Dialogue I
If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Language points
1. Its been my long-cherished dream to be able
visit the planets. It has been a dream that
has been kept in my mind for a long time.
cherish 1.if you cherish something, it is very
important to you e.g. He was a man who cherished
his privacy. I still cherish the memory of
that day. cherish a hope / an idea / a
dream etc 2. to love someone or something very
much and take care of them well e.g. In marriage,
a man promises to cherish his wife. his
most cherished possession
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D I
Dialogue I
If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Language points
2. Although I could not leave my name there, I
would certainly leave my footprints on the moon,
anyway. Although I could not be famous for
the visit, I would certainly leave my footprints
on the moon, anyway. 3. Mercury, Venus, Mars,
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto When
we speak of these planets, no article is used.
However, if we use the word planet before the
proper names, the definite article is placed
before the word planet, eg. the planet Jupiter,
the planet Neptune.
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D I
Dialogue I
If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Language points
4. I will definitely spare Uranus, Neptune and
Pluto in my schedule. I will certainly not
include Uranus, Neptune and Pluto in my
schedule. Spare 1. GIVE e.g. Sorry, I can't spare
the time. I'd like you to come over when
you can spare a couple of hours. spare somebody
ten minutes/an hour etc e.g. Could you possibly
spare me a few moments in private (used to ask
someone if they have time to quickly talk to you)
?
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D I
Dialogue I
If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Language points
4. I will definitely spare Uranus, Neptune and
Pluto in my schedule. 2. spare no expense /
effort to spend as much money or do everything
necessary to make something really good or
successful spare no expense/effort to do
something No expense was spared in developing the
necessary technology. No effort will be spared
to bring the people responsible to justice.
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D I
Dialogue I
If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Language points
5.Its very ambitious of us to come up with the
idea of touring around the solar system. We are
full of ambition to think of the idea of
traveling around the solar system. ambitious
1.determined to be successful, rich, powerful
etc e.g. Alfred was intensely ambitious, obsessed
with the idea of becoming rich. ambitious for
mothers who are highly ambitious for their
children (who want their children to be
successful)
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D I
Dialogue I
If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Language points
5.Its very ambitious of us to come up with the
idea of touring around the solar system. 2. an
ambitious plan, idea etc shows a desire to do
something good but difficult e.g. An ambitious
engineering project an over-ambitious
health reform program ambitiously adverb
ambitiousness noun uncountable
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D I
Dialogue I
If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Retell
Use no more than 50 words to retell the dialogue
based on the dialogue.
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D I
Dialogue I
If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Role Play Id Make a Trip to Mars
Roles Zeng-interested in making a trip to
Mars Duan-curious about Mars. She goes to Zeng
for more information. Situation A dialogue on
Mars. Use sentences in Page 100, and make full
use of your imagination and creativity.
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D II
Dialogue II
Future Plans and Intentions, Part I
Listen to the Dialogue

1. How to inquire about a persons future plans
2. How to state definite plans
3. How to state things youre thinking about or
   tentative plans
4. How to state conditional plans
5. How to speculate about possible events

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R I
Reading I
How Far Is the Sun form the Earth
Discussing following statements
If there were no sun, nothing could exist on the
earth. Have you ever imagined the distance
between the sun and the earth? Suppose you lived
with your parents in New York and you wanted to
visit your grandmother in Philadelphia. You
should be on the train for nearly an hour and a
half. If you took a million trips to your
grandmothers, your would have traveled as far as
from the earth to the sun.
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R I
Reading I
How Far Is the Sun form the Earth
Go over the text in 5 minutes and tell true or
false of the following statements.

• For years and years, astronomers have been trying
  to find the distance from the earth to the sun
  with no result.
• The sun is over nine million miles away from the
  earth.
• It would take the jet airliner 15 years non-stop
  to reach the sun.
• You can finish the journey from the earth to the
  sun in the electric train, but you will feel very
  tired when you reach the sun.
• Someone set off to the sun in an aircraft carrier
  when Washington became president of the United
  States.
• This passage gives us the impression that the sun
  can hardly be reached.

F
F
T
F
F
T
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R I
1?? 1.60931?? 1609.31? 1??30.48??
1??2.54?? 304.8??
1?3??0.9914? 1?? 28.35 ? 1?? 4.5461 ?
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R I
Reading I
How Far Is the Sun form the Earth
Organization
The text is well-organized through the use of
three questions 1. How far is the sun from the
earth? 2. Can you imagine how far away that
is? 3. Have you ever thought that the sun was as
far away from us as that? Means of transportation
Speed per hour Time spent Jet
airliner 700 miles
15 years Electric
train 110 miles
Nearly 100 years Aircraft carrier
40 miles Over
200 years
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GW
Guided Writing
Note of congratulation
Working in two or three, combine some of the
sentences together, and then put the sentences in
good order.
See textbook, page 105
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IA
Interaction Activities
If I Were a Shop Assistant
.
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Listening
Dictation
Spelling (Workbook P. 44)
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Listening
Dictation
Spelling (Workbook P. 5)
harmony space solar system
accurate satellite jet airliner
aircraft carrier telescope itinerary
planet explore journey
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Listening
Dictation
Passage dictation
A
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D I
The sun and all the bodies which circle it in
space make up the solar system. We live on one of
the nine planets that revolve around the sun.
Nearest the sun is Mercury, the smallest of the
planets. Then come Venus, the Earth, Mars,
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. The
distance across the solar system is about 13,000
million kilometres. To get a rough idea of the
sizes of the planets, we can think of Mercury as
a small seed, Venus and the Earth as peas, Mars
an orange pip, Jupiter an orange, Saturn a
smaller orange, Uranus and Neptune large
cherries, and Pluto as another small seed. On
this scale the sun would be a ball 600
millimetres across, and the Earth would be 65
metres from the sun.
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Listening
Dictation
Passage dictation
B
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D I
If the sun and earth could stand still, and if a
road could be built between them. It would be a
long one! Walking 4 miles per hour, day and
night, we should reach the sun in 2, 635 years.
Traveling along the same road in a racing
automobile at 300 miles per hour, we should get
to the sun in about 35.5 years. Sound travels
through the air at the rate of about 12 miles per
minute. If the sun were to explode, we could not
hear any noise, for there is no air to carry
sound during the greater part of the distance
between the sun and the earth. If there were air
all the way, the sound would reach the earth in
about 14 years.
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D I
If the sun exploded, however, there would be no
one alive on the earth at the end of 14 years.
All people would have died from heat or other
causes soon after the explosion. Radio waves
travel at the same speed as light, and air is not
needed to take them from place to place. If a
broadcasting station on the sun could send radio
waves to the earth, we should hear the programme
about eight and one-third minutes after it was
sent forth.
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Listening
Listening Comprehension
Workbook P.87