CHILDHOOD NUTRITION AND FEEDING

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CHILDHOOD NUTRITION AND FEEDING
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Nutrition
Basal matabolism Maintain basic physiologic
activity
Energy
Special motility for food digestion
peristalsis infant 78 digestion
absorption elder children 5
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Nutrition
Physical activity
Growth
Energy
Fecal loss
Mentality and emotion Envioronment
Others
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Nutrition
General Energy Needs
Infant 110 kcal/kg ?every 3 yrs
10kcal/kg 15yrs 60kcal/kg
Basal metabolism 50 Physical activity
25 Growth 12 Fecal
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612yrs
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Nutrition
Protein

• Essential amino acid
• Non-essential amino acid
• Recommend amount

breast milk 2.0g/kg cow milk
3.5g/kg vegetative protein 4.0g/kg
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Nutrition
Fats

• Saturated fatty acid
• Unsaturated fatty
• Linoliec acid ?
• Free fatty acids

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n- 6 Linoliec n-3 Linolenic
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Nutrition
Carbohydrate

• 5060

1yr 12g/kg/d gt2yrs 10g/kg/d
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Nutrition
Vitamin
VitK
VitE
VitD
VitA
Fat---soluble Water---soluble
VitB
VitC
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Nutrition
Mineral
Na
Ca
K
P
Macroelements
Trace elements
Zn
Co
Fe
Se
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Nutrition
Infant 150ml/kg Every 3 yrs ?25ml/kg 9
yr 75ml/kg Adult
50ml/kg
Water
Neonatal 80 1 yr 70
Adult 5560
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Nutrition
Food fiber
Physiological function prevention constipation
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Infant Feeding---Breast feeding
Advantages
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• Albumin ??? ?
• Casein ??? ?
• Taurine ??? ?
• Glutamate ??? ?

protein
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Infant Feeding---Breast feeding
Fat
Long-chain lipid acid ? Linoleic acid ?
Carbohydrate
Lactose? Bacillus bifidus?
Vitamin
A/D/E ?
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Infant Feeding---Breast feeding
minerals
--absorption
CaP(21)
Fe
50 absorption rate
Zn
?
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Infant Feeding---Breast feeding
SIgA ?
Lactoferrin ?
Immunization
Lysozyme ?
Bacillus
Bifidus ?
Antibody ?
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Infant Feeding---Breast feeding

• Natural food
• Convenient feeding
• Recovering from delivery
• Baby-mother attechment

Others
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Infant Feeding---Breast feeding

• Elements of breast milk in different phase
• colostrum protein
• transitional milk lipid
• mature milk stable
  elements
• late milk protein

05d
610d
11d9m
gt10m
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Infant Feeding---Formula Feeding
Formula milk
Zn
Fortified nutrients
Fe

VitA
VitD
VitB
VitC
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Infant Feeding---Supplementary Food
Age
food

• 2w
  VitD
• 4-6m Rice
  powder
• 7-9m meshed
  vegetable?meet ?
  fruit soft noddle biscuit
• 10-12m soft rice ?thick porridge?
  fine-cut vegetable ?meat? bean products etc.
• 12-24m piece-cut
  food
• 24m-
  normal

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Feeding priciples

• Reasonable food arrangement
• protein fat carbohydrate?114-5
• 10 25-30 50-60
• Food quality
• Feeding behavior
• Feeding environment

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Evaluation of nutrition condition

• History
• Nutrition study
• food investigation
• evaluation
• physical examination
• laboratory test

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Standard
W-2SD

• Underweight
• Stunting
• Wasting

L-2SD
W/L-2SD
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• Thank you!